Dynamics of railway wagons subjected to braking torques on defective tracks

It is well known that track defects cause profound effects to the dynamics of railway wagons; normally such problems are examined for cases of wagons running at a constant speed. Brake/traction torques affect the speed profile due to the wheel–rail contact characteristics but most of the wagon–track interaction models do not explicitly consider them in simulation. The authors have recently published a model for the dynamics of wagons subject to braking/traction torques on a perfect track by explicitly considering the pitch degree of freedom for wheelsets. The model is extended for cases of lateral and vertical track geometry defects and worn railhead and wheel profiles. This paper presents the results of the analyses carried out using the model extended to the dynamics of wagons containing less ideal wheel profiles running on tracks with geometry defects and worn rails.     

重型汽车低附着路面制动稳定性的仿真研究

文章利用trucksim重型汽车动力学仿真软件,对六轮双轴重型汽车在低附着路面左右车轮附着系数不一致情况下进行紧急制动的行驶工况进行了仿真研究。研究结果表明在低附着路面进行紧急制动时,对制动轮进行制动压力控制,有ABS控制的重型汽车比没有ABS控制的重型汽车具有更好地行驶稳定性。但在低附着路面上,有ABS控制的重型汽车比没有ABS控制的重型汽车的制动距离增加了很多,这对重型汽车的行车安全性非常不利。     

A novel fuzzy logic correctional algorithm for traction control systems on uneven low-friction road conditions

The traction control system (TCS) might prevent excessive skid of the driving wheels so as to enhance the driving performance and direction stability of the vehicle. But if driven on an uneven low-friction road, the vehicle body often vibrates severely due to the drastic fluctuations of driving wheels, and then the vehicle comfort might be reduced greatly. The vibrations could be hardly removed with traditional drive-slip control logic of the TCS. In this paper, a novel fuzzy logic controller has been brought forward, in which the vibration signals of the driving wheels are adopted as new controlled variables, and then the engine torque and the active brake pressure might be coordinately re-adjusted besides the basic logic of a traditional TCS. In the proposed controller, an adjustable engine torque and pressure compensation loop are adopted to constrain the drastic vehicle vibration. Thus, the wheel driving slips and the vibration degrees might be adjusted synchronously and effectively. The simulation results and the real vehicle tests validated that the proposed algorithm is effective and adaptable for a complicated uneven low-friction road.     

ISG hybrid powertrain: a rule-based driver model incorporating look-ahead information

According to European regulations, if the amount of regenerative braking is determined by the travel of the brake pedal, more stringent standards must be applied, otherwise it may adversely affect the existing vehicle safety system. The use of engine or vehicle speed to derive regenerative braking is one way to avoid strict design standards, but this introduces discontinuity in powertrain torque when the driver releases the acceleration pedal or applies the brake pedal. This is shown to cause oscillations in the pedal input and powertrain torque when a conventional driver model is adopted. Look-ahead information, together with other predicted vehicle states, are adopted to control the vehicle speed, in particular, during deceleration, and to improve the driver model so that oscillations can be avoided. The improved driver model makes analysis and validation of the control strategy for an integrated starter generator (ISG) hybrid powertrain possible.     

绞吸挖泥船轴扭矩及功率测试

针对绞吸挖泥船轴扭矩及功率测试的问题,进行了现场测试和泥泵性能试验,介绍了一种绞吸挖泥船轴扭矩及轴功率测试试验装置。采用船舶应变片式轴功率测量方法,得出泥泵在850、900、950、1 000 r/min共4个转速下的泥泵性能参数;并对柴油机在945 r/min转速下,油门刻度18时的瞬时扭矩和平均扭矩进行计算。得出结论：在流量不变的情况下,泵的转速越高,扬程越高、功率越高;在流速在1~1.51 m3/s时,泥泵在4个转速下的水功率十分接近;随着流量的增大,转速越大,泵的水功率越高。     

转矩传感器磨损造成汽车跑偏的原因分析

针对市场某车型基本存在转向左跑偏的现状,根据转矩传感器的原理,对转矩传感器的主要部件尺寸进行测量分析,找出跑偏的原因,并模拟试验进行验证。     

盾构刀盘中心区域磨损研究

文章介绍了刀盘中心区域磨损的原因,并对结泥饼引起的扭矩变化进行了分析。通过工程实例对比指出,在刀盘中心区域加装搅拌棒是比较有效的解决方案。     

制动力作用下简支梁结构动力响应分析方法

依据相关规范对制动力按最不利影响取值,根据Newmark-β数值积分方法编制程序,计算在列车制动力作用下多跨简支梁结构在不同影响参数（如制动速度、墩台刚度）下的纵向动力响应,以判断结构是否满足高速铁路运营的安全性要求。     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的船舶电力推进系统仿真

针对船舶电力推进系统中采用传统直接转矩控制存在磁链和转矩脉动较大,以及速度传感器的使用降低了系统可靠性,增加了系统成本等问题.提出采用扩展卡尔曼滤波器精确估计电机的定子磁链和电机转速,间接估计转矩,从而实现永磁同步电机的无速度传感器直接转矩控制.保持了直接转矩控制的转矩快速响应和系统鲁棒性强的优点,降低磁链和转矩脉动,减小了系统因电机参数的变化和负载扰动带来的影响.仿真结果表明,基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的船舶电力推进系统具有良好的转速和转矩控制性能.     

横向磁通永磁电机最大转矩电流比控制方法研究

本文针对横向磁通永磁电机的功率因数,研究了最大转矩电流比控制方法,实现了横向磁通永磁电机最大转矩电流比控制仿真系统.仿真结果表明了该方法对提高横向磁通永磁电机动态性能和改善系统的功率因数的有效性.