地铁环境振动预测中链式结构振级落差灵敏度分析

针对地铁环境振动预测中使用的链式结构力学简化模型,利用灵敏度分析对链式结构中各参数变化对各振级落差影响规律进行系统研究;推导给出振级落差一阶灵敏度解析表达式和一种逆矩阵偏导数求解方法;并提出利用自由衰减时域段实测数据逆求链式结构中各力学参数方法。研究结果表明:通过灵敏度分析可以确定链式结构中任一力学参数改变对其任一层振级落差影响程度,找出对系统动态响应影响较大的环节。该方法有助于提高环境振动预测精度。     

地铁减振存在的问题分析与建议

从梳理现阶段地铁减振的程序和规范要求及通常做法入手,讨论地铁减振过度或不当所存在的问题,系统分析规范标准、基础理论和方法、管理等方面的原因,提出相应的改进建议,包括开展相关基础理论研究、完善方法标准体系、加大环保及环评在地铁项目实施中的介入深度、实施项目全过程分阶段环评、逐步建立环保(减振降噪)管理专项制度等。     

实现城市防洪经济、社会、环境效益三统一

本文从分析防洪经济效益、社会效益、环境效益三者关系入手 ,明确了在生态失衡、灾害频繁、环境问题已经成为危及人类生存与发展的今天 ,实现三者统一协调、整体推进的重要性 ,并提出了工作思路与对策     

艰险山区铁路施工营地建设关键技术问题研究

艰险山区铁路工程沿线地区一般具有自然灾害频发、高原高寒缺氧、建设条件极为困难、施工周期超长等复杂的外部环境。为满足艰险山区铁路施工营地建设“以人文本”需求,给参建人员生活提供适宜安全的环境,基于艰险山区铁路工程施工营地建设的外部环境分析,从房屋材质备选方案比选、营地建设需解决的关键技术问题、节能环保等方面对施工营地建设关键技术问题进行研究,并提出具体的方案与建议。研究成果可为山区铁路及类似工程的施工营地建设提供参考借鉴。     

集美大学教学实习船“育德”轮总体设计

"育德"轮是上海船舶研究设计院为集美大学设计的用于航海专业教学实习、科学研究兼顾货物运输的教学实习船。该船是目前世界吨位最大的教学实习船,配备了功能齐全的教学设施、先进的科研设备以及舒适的学习生活环境。该船还具有安全性高、绿色环保和经济性优异等特点。     

The vulnerability of the environment to spills of dangerous substances on highways: A diagnosis based on multi criteria modeling

Highways and freeways are the main infrastructure channel used to transport cargo in Brazil. This cargo often includes dangerous chemical products which can, in the event of an accident, negatively impact the environment. The development and implementation of tools for the rapid diagnosis of environmental vulnerability in the transportation of dangerous goods has been studied. However, for highways and freeways there is a lack of studies based on environmental attributes, and not just based on statistical data which demands a specific period for collection and analysis and only after that the implementation of preventive measures. Thus, evaluation grounded on multiple criteria embedded in Geographic Information System (GIS) has significant potential for the practical implementation of risk management of road transportation of dangerous goods. This study has determined the environmental vulnerability of route BR 050, specifically the segment between the cities of Uberlândia and Uberaba in the state of Minas Gerais, where multi criteria analysis has been efficient in determining the most vulnerable areas. The main attributes analyzed were the drainage density, soil type and geology, determining that in case of an accident with dangerous substances the regional environment would be immediately affected, and so endorsing the use of this tool in many segments involved in environmental management of highway enterprises.     

废弃泥浆在盾构壁后注浆中的应用

在泥水盾构施工过程中不可避免地会产生大量的废弃泥浆,处理泥浆一是需要较高的资金投入,二是可能会对环境造成严重污染。利用废弃泥浆配制壁后注浆砂浆,利用盾构弃浆代替砂浆中的膨润土和水,研究弃浆对壁后注浆砂浆工程性能的影响。结果表明:1)相对体积质量为1.16、黏度为22 s的泥浆配制壁后注浆材料可得到较好的流动性和稠度,并且泌水率优于原配比;2)相对体积质量为1.27、黏度为24 s的泥浆会明显降低砂浆的流动度,对砂浆可泵送能力有一定的影响;3)适当调整水胶比和泥浆相对体积质量,配制壁后注浆材料各方面性能均能达到壁后注浆材料的要求;4)废弃泥浆配制砂浆是一种既经济又环保的弃浆处理回收再利用的工艺工法。     

自升式钻井平台动态响应研究

综合考虑风浪流等环境载荷、桩靴与土壤之间的相互作用行为及静水压力和波浪动压力所引起的浮力效应的影响,运用有限元软件模拟了自升式钻井平台的动态响应过程,获得了0°环境载荷作用下自升式钻井平台的船体位移、桩腿危险处应力、桩靴载荷的变化规律。研究结果表明:自升式钻井平台的动态响应周期约为38s,是波浪周期的2.8倍,且在环境载荷作用角度为30°时,船体位移峰值最大,而位移均值在45°时最大。     

一种环保沥青阻燃剂的研制

通过一系列的实验,研究开发了一种无毒环保类沥青阻燃剂,在基本不改变沥青性能的前提下,可以显著地改善沥青的阻燃性能。     

The visual impact of development in coastal zone areas

Abstract

The focus of this paper is theoretical, as well as methodological. It reviews previous studies of visual impact and reports research by the author on people's evaluation of the appropriateness of different man‐made facilities in different coastal‐area contexts and other environments. In this study, subjects were asked to react to slides developed through the use of landscape models and experimental facilities to simulate the appearance of a building in the landscape, while systematically varying the visual relatedness between the two. Specific interest centered on the variable of congruity vs. contrast between the appearance of the building and its landscape context, manipulated by co‐varying the attributes of color and size to create a five‐point scale of contrast/obtrusiveness. The hypothesis was that judgments of appropriateness, and to a lesser extent judgments of liking, would vary inversely with level of contrast. The role of two further variables, the functional significance of the building in its setting, and the character of the setting itself, was also investigated. The author reviews methodological issues involved where subjects respond to visual stimuli for purposes of judging change in visual quality. These methodological issues include: stimulus‐selection and problems of simulation, choice of response measures, and choice of respondents, and the treatment of individual differences. The author calls for development of standardized scales and indices such as “perceptually‐relevant environmental quality indicators.”