钢管砼劲性骨架I型肋拱桥施工阶段结构计算

以盐源金河雅砻江大桥 170m跨径的钢管砼劲性骨架在施工过程中的结构计算为研究对象 ,考虑几何非线性 ,采用平壳 -桁 -梁组合结构的空间有限元分析模型 ,探讨了拱肋砼浇筑过程对结构内力、变形及稳定性的影响     

B级碳素船体钢焊接接头耐蚀性研究

通过室内腐蚀挂片及电化学测量试验 ,研究了B级碳素船体钢三种常见焊接接头的耐海水腐蚀性能。结果表明 :在海水中 ,接头的焊缝区最易受到腐蚀 ,其次为母材 ,热影响区腐蚀最轻 ;几种接头相比 ,B级碳素船体钢与J4 2 2焊条匹配后焊接接头的综合耐蚀性高于其与J50 7和H0 8MnSi2A两种焊接材料匹配后接头的耐蚀性。     

大悬挑下横梁底模施工技术

大悬挑下横梁结构在高桩码头中并不常见,因其下横梁悬挑,施工时对其底模支撑系统与常规下横梁有所不同,难度较大。主要介绍码头工程水上大悬挑下横梁底模施工技术及底模支撑设计,重点介绍下横梁施工过程中钢抱箍作承力支撑结构的设计及应用。     

A general scaled model design method of stiffened plate subjected to combined longitudinal compression and lateral pressure considering the ultimate strength and collapse modes

A general and efficient scaled method for stiffened plates subjected to combined longitudinal compression and lateral pressure is proposed based on slenderness, simply by adjusting the number of stiffeners. The design method makes it easier to determine the dimensions of the scaled model for a given scale ratio compared with the previously proposed method. The emphasis is on the influence of the plate slenderness, the column slenderness, and the non-dimensional parameter of the lateral pressure on the ultimate strength. By maintaining the consistency of the plate slenderness and column slenderness, the proposed method is applicable for designing scaled models with materials of different yield stresses and Young's moduli. A similar effect of the lateral pressure on the ultimate strength of the prototype and scaled models is achieved by maintaining the non-dimensional parameter. In addition, the applicability of the scaled method to the initial deflection is considered, which provides a reference for similar models. The similitude of the scaled method is verified for several typical buckling modes, including the beam–column, tripping, web and overall collapse modes. Given the numerical results, the proposed general and fast scaled method can provide reasonable dimensions of scaled stiffened plates subjected to combined loads.     

Flexural fatigue behavior of butt-welded circular concrete-filled double skin steel tube (CFDST)：Experimental study and numerical modeling

Detailed understandings on the fatigue behavior of the concrete-filled double skin steel tubes (CFDSTs) under multiaxial stress states are essential to promote their applications in marine structures. A systematical investigation consisting both the experimental study and the according numerical modeling has been conducted. Physical tests were carried out to investigate the flexural fatigue behavior of the butt-welded hollow steel tubes (HSTs), concrete-filled steel tubes (CFSTs) and CFDSTs, in which the development of fatigue cracks and the fatigue life were captured. The feasibility of applying the existing S–N curves originally obtained from the HSTs to the constitutive steel tubes within the CFDSTs has been consequently verified. A two-stages simulation method was developed to analyze the full range development of fatigue cracks based on both the damage mechanics and the extended finite element method (XFEM). The influence of the multiaxial stress states on the fatigue behavior for the constitutive steel tubes was studied quantitatively, considering the offshore application scenarios where the steel tubes within the CFDSTs were subjected to larger external hydrostatic pressure or internal transmitted content pressure. The results show that the existence of the infilled concrete can effectively improve the fatigue behavior of the steel tubes. The life prediction models for both the fatigue crack initiation stage and propagation stage have been proposed, where the crack initiation life of the steel tube may reduce by 30% when its stress triaxiality increases from 0.36 to 0.48.     

滚刀常压换刀技术研究

针对大直径高水压条件下盾构施工刀具更换难度高、风险大的问题,结合大直径盾构刀盘结构,通过开发滚刀常压换刀装置,实现在刀盘保压的情况下,常压更换部分滚刀,不但降低了带压条件下滚刀更换成本,而且降低了换刀风险。     

小型汽油发动机管理系统的某些特殊功能应用

与汽车发动机不同,小型发动机的管理系统(简称EMS)需要一些针对特殊要求的解决方案。这些特殊要求主要归因于2个方面:一是该类型发动机的特殊设计和工作方式,二是从节省成本的角度考虑,改变系统中的某些零部件的配置。为此,一些对应的特殊功能被应用在该系统中,如P-n系统中的负荷检测、环境压力的测评、判缸和防反转等。在单缸发动机中,进气压力信号和发动机转速信号存在周期性的波动,通过研究此类波动信号在不同的工况下的特征,利用软件的方式开发出了前文所述的特殊功能。试验结果也显示新功能的应用情况良好。     

蒙华铁路三荆段深埋软弱围岩隧道荷载研究

《铁路隧道设计规范》中的深埋围岩压力公式没有考虑隧道拱部围岩本身的承载作用以及超前预支护作用,荷载计算结果偏大。为验证深埋隧道初期支护结构实际承受的围岩压力荷载,以蒙华铁路三门峡至荆门段现场监测数据为依托,通过分析围岩变形监测资料,探讨蒙华铁路隧道围岩及结构在隧道开挖过程中的变形行为,并采用拱顶沉降与水平收敛相结合的位移反分析法,建立荷载-结构法平面有限元模型,反演推导围岩压力荷载。分析结果表明:双线隧道反分析得出的围岩荷载为同级别按规范计算值的70.7%~76.5%;单线隧道反分析得出的围岩荷载为同级别按规范计算值的88.8%~93.1%。研究成果对蒙华铁路隧道现场施工和优化支护结构设计起到了很好的指导作用,希望能对以后类似隧道工程的设计和施工提供参考。     

双层公铁两用钢桁架拱桥施工关键技术

随着现代社会经济发展与城市化历程加快,交通量不断加大,交通问题日趋严重。在靠近城市、铁路公路的桥梁建造过程中,为降低造价和缩短周期,通常考虑建造一座公铁两用桥。以某项目桥梁工程为例,分别从项目策划、现场布置、工地吊装等方面详细阐述公铁两用钢桁架拱桥施工关键技术。总结公铁两用钢桁架安装技术要点,为类似项目中钢桁架拱桥施工提供思路。     

水泥混凝土路面半刚性基层的孔隙水压力特性

基于多孔介质弹性理论,运用ABAQUS有限元分析软件对水泥混凝土路面半刚性基层的孔隙水压力进行了数值模拟,计算了不同外部荷载和路面结构条件下的基层孔隙水压力分布规律。分析结果表明:在饱水状态下,基层孔隙水压力随面层厚度、面层模量、基层厚度与基层渗透系数的增大而减小,随基层模量的增大而增大,但面层和基层模量对孔隙水压力的影响不显著;孔隙水压力随交通荷载的增大而呈线性增大,在荷载相同时,荷载分布越密集,对基层孔隙水压力分布的影响越显著,加载模式只影响孔隙水压力的消散过程;孔隙水压力随行车速度的增大而增大,消散过程加快。