Fast-charging station choice behavior among battery electric vehicle users

This study explores how battery electric vehicle users choose where to fast-charge their vehicles from a set of charging stations, as well as the distance by which they are generally willing to detour for fast-charging. The focus is on fast-charging events during trips that include just one fast-charge between origin and destination in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Mixed logit models with and without a threshold effect for detour distance are applied to panel data extracted from a two-year field trial on battery electric vehicle usage in Japan. Findings from the mixed logit model with threshold show that private users are generally willing to detour up to about 1750 m on working days and 750 m on non-working days, while the distance is 500 m for commercial users on both working and non-working days. Users in general prefer to charge at stations requiring a shorter detour and use chargers located at gas stations, and are significantly affected by the remaining charge. Commercial users prefer to charge at stations encountered earlier along their paths, while only private users traveling on working days show such preference and they turn to prefer the stations encountered later when choosing a station in peak hours. Only private users traveling on working days show a strong preference for free charging. Commercial users tend to pay for charging at a station within 500 m detour distance. The fast charging station choice behavior is heterogeneous among users. These findings provide a basis for early planning of a public fast charging infrastructure.     

纵向斜船台滑道并列造船止滑器布置研究

为避免止滑器与滑板卡扣碰撞,纵向油脂滑道的止滑器要求安装在滑道的外侧,以避开滑道内侧的滑板卡扣.并列造船的船台,为满足不同船型的下水要求,主滑道两侧均需安装止滑器,由此带来了止滑器与卡扣干扰的问题.本文结合工程实际,对止滑器布置进行研究分析,根据实际需求采用不同的布置方式,解决止滑器与滑板卡扣干扰碰撞问题,保证了滑道下水安全.     

浅海典型声速近程海底混响数值仿真

浅海混响以海底混响为主.本文选取对浅海近程海底混响贡献较大的声线采用射线声学理论,数值计算浅海3种典型声速分布下的海底混响时域信号和混响强度,分析声速分布、脉冲宽度及负跃层声速条件下声源深度对海底混响衰减的影响.计算结果表明:浅海近程混响强度随着时间振荡衰减,不同声速、不同声源深度下混响强度具有相似的衰减特性,但振荡衰减的"波峰"和"波谷"会随着声速分布、声源深度变化而变化.     

Optimal joint distance and time toll for cordon-based congestion pricing

This paper addresses the optimal toll design problem for the cordon-based congestion pricing scheme, where both a time-toll and a nonlinear distance-toll (i.e., joint distance and time toll) are levied for each network user’s trip in a pricing cordon. The users’ route choice behaviour is assumed to follow the Logit-based stochastic user equilibrium (SUE). We first propose a link-based convex programming model for the Logit-based SUE problem with a joint distance and time toll pattern. A mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) is developed to formulate the optimal joint distance and time toll design problem. The developed MPEC model is equivalently transformed into a semi-infinite programming (SIP) model. A global optimization method named Incremental Constraint Method (ICM) is designed for solving the SIP model. Finally, two numerical examples are used to assess the proposed methodology.     

基于ARENA的双车道超车视距设计风险评价

通过计算机仿真软件ARENA模拟双向两车道路段上不同的超车视距长度下的超车行为,并建立风险指标。风险指标主要根据超车动作结束时,超越车与对向车辆间的最短时间距离确定。一共确定了六个风险等级,用于评价不同设计时速下的各种PSD长度的风险。利用此方法可以很直接的评价超车视距设计的优劣。     

沙枕抛投在荆江航道整治中的应用

沙枕袋可以有效防止水流冲刷河床底部,是稳定河床及岸坡、防止冲刷的主要加固措施。结合长江中游荆江段航道整治工程施工,介绍了抛沙枕进行护底补坡的施工工艺流程、施工要点,重点介绍沙枕袋在长江水流影响下的抛投质量控制措施及实施效果。     

港外锚地相对安全距离研究

对于港外锚地与周边设施、碍航物的相对安全距离,目前没有一个明确的规定。文中介绍了我国关于锚地宏观选址的相关要求,深入研究了锚泊船走锚特征,包括走锚过程、漂移方向和走锚速度等方面,提出了确定锚地与周边设施（或碍航物）相对安全距离的计算方法,对港外锚地选址及保护锚地资源具有一定的参考作用。     

基于特征的全船焊接工时聚类分析

以某型船全船焊接信息为样本,首先验证了数据样本服从对数正态分布;再以距离作为度量标准,对焊接信息进行基于不同距离测量方法的聚类分析,并重点对比平方欧氏距离和夹角余弦距离的聚类树形图,得出全船焊接信息合理的聚类数目;最后对每个类进行物理信息的解释,得到完整实用的基于特征的全船焊接工时估算标准,为新型船经济性论证及方案选型提供快捷、可靠的依据。     

支援干扰下火控雷达反干扰能力分析磁

支援干扰是火控雷达面临的主要干扰战术样式。分析了三种不同类型支援干扰的特点，根据火控雷达配属于防空火力系统，必须满足火力系统对空射击的需要，在计算火控雷达自卫距离基础上，建立了支援干扰下火控雷达反干扰能力评估模型。在想定作战背景下，应用评估模型对火控雷达抗支援干扰的能力进行了计算和分析。评估模型考虑了采取固定多点跳频、随机数字编码跳频和脉冲压缩等技术措施后对火控雷达反干扰能力的影响，具有一定的应用价值。     

公路空间视距计算方法与检测技术

为了精确计算公路在三维空间中的实际视距,提出了空间视距的概念,通过延伸应用空间两点通视原理,建立了空间视距计算和分析的数学模型。基于计算机仿真技术开发出对空间视距的实时检测技术,通过将设计视距、运行视距和空间视距3种视距对比分析,给出了发现视距不足的方法。与早前的视距计算方法和研究相比,该方法对正常路面、行车道空间视距计算准确,能够计算和分析公路路侧附属设施对视距的影响,为公路几何设计和安全评价提供了依据。