浦东国际机场第三跑道场外排水设计方案的比选

该文介绍了上海浦东机场第三跑道系统工程场外排水系统设计方案的比选分析,可为设计和建设单位提供参考。     

Apron capacity at hub airports—the impact of wave‐system structure

At hub airports, dominant airlines/alliance coordinate their flights in time with the aim of increasing the number (and quality) of connections, thus producing a wave‐system in traffic schedules. This paper addresses the impact of concentrating aircraft into waves on airport apron capacity. Existing models for apron capacity estimation are based on the number of stands, stand occupancy time, and demand structure, differing between representative groups of aircraft served at an airport. Criteria for aircraft grouping are aircraft type and/or airline and/or type of service (domestic, international, etc.). Modified deterministic analytical models proposed in this paper also take into account the wave‐system parameters, as well as runway capacity. They include the impact of these parameters on the number of flights in wave, stand occupancy time, and consequently apron capacity. Numerical examples illustrate the difference between apron capacity for an origin–destination airport and a hub airport, under the same conditions; utilization of the theoretical apron capacity at a hub airport, given the wave‐system structure; and utilization of the apron capacity at a hub airport when point‐to‐point traffic is allowed to use idle stands. Furthermore, the influence of different assignment strategies for aircraft stands in the case of hub airports is also discussed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

我国支线机场现状分析及对策研究

为了给我国支线机场建设运营和规划布局提供理论支持,有必要对其现状进行较为系统化的研究。首先,从建设融资方式和运营管理方式两个方面对支线机场的现状进行梳理,指出目前我国支线机场形成了以政府资金为主的建设融资方式和以集团化为主的运营管理方式;然后,结合近年来民航机场生产统计公报数据,详细分析了支线机场的建设现状和生存现状,结果表明支线机场面临着建设资金缺乏、区域分布不均、货邮比例偏低、运营效益差的严峻现状;最后,分别从改变融资和运营方式、需求预测与发展规划相结合、基于产城互动进行临空经济区布局、加强临空经济与空港物流互动、优化航线布局和重视社会间接效益等多个角度给出解决目前支线机场现状问题的对策和建议。     

支线机场供配电规划浅析

航空交通是现代文明的重要体现,是现代交通运输体系的一个重要组成部分。机场作为航空运输的重要载体,不仅要承担旅客的进港、候机、出港的任务,同时也要保障飞机有序安全地起降。机场供电的安全可靠,是保障机场正常运行的重要环节。本文通过对某一机场的供配电设计进行分析,对支线机场的供电提出合理的规划方案。     

基于热管技术的机场道面融雪性能试验研究

为准确分析基于热管技术的机场道面融雪系统工作性能,综合考虑地热能、机场道面、热管间的传热特性,建立了热管加热融雪道面足尺试验系统;基于长期实测数据对融雪系统的道面融雪性能、温度场分布特性及其影响因素进行了分析;并在此基础上,通过研究融雪系统地下土壤热源热量长期消耗及回补特性探讨了融雪系统的可持续性工作性能。研究结果表明：基于热管技术的机场道面融雪系统可在冬季不改变道面温度分布特性的基础上,自动提高道面温度约15℃,有利于抑制道面结冰并融化道面积雪;在热管道面融雪过程中,当道面无雪率超过40%后,道面融雪过程将进入加速期;减少热管与道面表面的竖直距离,降低相邻热管间的水平间距均可改善热管道面温度分布规律,并有效提高道面融雪效率,而热管直径的变化对道面融雪性能影响相对较弱;随着气温降低,热管道面融雪效率逐渐下降,且当气温低于-9℃时,热管道面融雪性能受到较大限制;积雪经过适当压实作用,可缩短热管道面融雪时间;冬季地下热管的取热作用使得地下土壤温度约降低10℃,而夏季地下土壤温度逐渐恢复,随时间大致呈周期性变化,表明地下土壤可为热管道面融雪系统长期提供热量,持续保障热管道面融雪性能,实现机场道面冬季安全运行。     

Control strategies for departure process delays at airport passenger terminals

This paper explores the characteristics of process delays at airport passenger terminals and establishes a queuing model for both passengers and baggage served by different connecting type facilities. The impact of delay propagation on other processes and flights is investigated using an analytical approach. In addition, the extra costs incurred on passengers, process operators, and airlines are examined using the delay cost functions. To reduce the impact of process delays, various delay-controlled strategies are proposed, such as setting scheduled times for completion of a process, increasing the number of service counters, and priority service for emergent flights. Taoyuan International Airport in Taiwan is used as a case study when facing special events. Results showed that the model can effectively and efficiently estimate delay propagation and its costs. In addition, processes that are not consecutive allow more buffer time between different operations, which helps ease propagation of delays caused by previous services.     

大型机场轨道交通发展影响因素及衔接模式——以美国东海岸机场为例

中国大多数机场在规划之初并未将轨道交通纳入机场集疏运体系,同时城市群区域多机场对多城市的状况也为机场间的陆侧交通衔接带来巨大挑战。以美国东海岸7个典型机场为研究对象,分析机场轨道交通发展因素及衔接模式。基于案例机场陆侧轨道交通客运量和分担率变化情况,总结轨道交通需求增长趋势,剖析机场轨道交通需求增长影响因素,包括机场客运吞吐量增加、非商务旅客出行比例增加、航空旅客年龄及收入降低,以及携带行李数量增加。最后,总结机场与陆侧轨道交通衔接的3种主要模式及其适用条件。     

装配式水泥混凝土道面在机场抢修中的应用

水泥道面是国内机场应用最为广泛的道面类型，随着大量机场水泥道面进入维护期，水泥道面损坏后修复困难的问题也越来越凸显。装配式水泥混凝土道面具有“集中预制、分散安装”的特点，具有快速、环境能力适应强、经济的优点，是现有水泥道面维护的良好解决方案。现调研了国内外装配式水泥混凝土道面技术的研究现状，介绍了在浦东机场、伊春机场的成功应用案例；指出了应用在机场道面抢修的主要施工工艺和技术要求，提出了装配式水泥道面技术难点在于保证板底的充分填充、道面接缝传力的恢复和道面表面的平整度；经分析认为开发相应的专用设备、实现道面技术的工业化方可解决装配式水泥混凝土道面技术实施的难题。