舰船液压起重机波浪补偿消摆控制技术研究

舰船上的液压起重机工作在动态颠簸过程中,很容易受到波浪的影响造成摇摆。为此提出一种小区域分区进化算法来解决舰船液压起重机波浪补偿消摆控制问题。在控制算法中引入排挤因子,利用控制数据中的相互约束作用形成小的控制单元,以此来提高收敛的速度,维持控制过程的快速性,保证控制精度。实验表明,这种方法能够有效解决舰船液压起重机波浪补偿消摆控制问题,保证了船舶机械自动控制的准确性。     

斜坡堤越浪量试验研究

研究斜坡堤的越浪量对于防波堤的设计有重要意义。通过波浪断面物理模型试验的方法,研究了波高、波陡和堤顶超高的变化对斜坡堤越浪量的影响规律,比较了4种不同护面形式的消浪效果。试验结果显示:斜坡堤越浪量随着有效波高的减小和波陡的增大而减少;斜坡堤越浪量随着堤顶超高的增大,成指数形式递减;护面形式对斜坡堤越浪量有一定影响,扭王字块和栅栏板的消浪效果差别不大,且均优于四角空心方块。将物模试验值与现有斜坡堤越浪量公式计算值进行对比,推荐了陈国平公式作为计算斜坡堤越浪量的公式。     

Stochastic modelling of quadratic wave components

This paper deals with stochastic wave models and their influence on wave load modelling of marine structures. The need for more refined theories is underlined for some applications and an entirely new quadratic model for the wave elevation is outlined. Finally, a number of physical phenomena relevant to waves are illustrated which are likely to be important for marine structures and could, in the near future, require ad hoc modelling.     

灌河口海域潮波数值模拟

本文对三维潮波模型进行垂向积分后获得的二维潮波模型采用ADI方法建立了差分方程,并计算了灌河口海域潮波模型的数值解,得到了与实际观测符合良好的结果。从而根据数值模拟和实测的结果,对灌河口海区的潮汐和潮流进行了讨论,为灌河口海区工程应用及环境保护提供了参考的依据。     

船艇波浪中自航试验研究

对一艘船艇作了波浪中自航试验研究，得到了规则波中自航因子变化曲线，用直接功率法作了失速预报，并用谱分析法预报了该艇的纵摇、升沉及螺旋桨出水概率。本文的重要结论：船艇在波浪中的自航因子在简化处理时，可以认为相当于静水中的自航因子。     

Mixed manual/semi-automated traffic: a macroscopic analysis

The use of advanced technologies and intelligence in vehicles and infrastructure could make the current highway transportation system much more efficient. Semi-automated vehicles with the capability of automatically following a vehicle in front as long as it is in the same lane and in the vicinity of the forward looking ranging sensor are expected to be deployed in the near future. Their penetration into the current manual traffic will give rise to mixed manual/semi-automated traffic. In this paper, we analyze the fundamental flow–density curve for mixed traffic using flow–density curves for 100% manual and 100% semi-automated traffic. Assuming that semi-automated vehicles use a time headway smaller than today’s manual traffic average due to the use of sensors and actuators, we have shown using the flow–density diagram that the traffic flow rate will increase in mixed traffic. We have also shown that the flow–density curve for mixed traffic is restricted between the flow–density curves for 100% manual and 100% semi-automated traffic. We have presented in a graphical way that the presence of semi-automated vehicles in mixed traffic propagates a shock wave faster than in manual traffic. We have demonstrated that the presence of semi-automated vehicles does not change the total travel time of vehicles in mixed traffic. Though we observed that with 50% semi-automated vehicles a vehicle travels 10.6% more distance than a vehicle in manual traffic for the same time horizon and starting at approximately the same position, this increase is marginal and is within the modeling error. Lastly, we have shown that when shock waves on the highway produce stop-and-go traffic, the average delay experienced by vehicles at standstill is lower in mixed traffic than in manual traffic, while the average number of vehicles at standstill remains unchanged.     

面向低质量指纹图像的增强算法及应用

在自动识别系统中，为了消除噪声以提高指纹图象的质量，采用梯度法计算指纹图像的方向图，通过构造一组方向滤波器对指纹图像进行滤波，然后提出了一种针对方向滤波后的指纹图像消除噪声的方法，试验结果表明了该方法的有效性和实用性。     

Variation of whitecap coverage with wave-field conditions

Field observations were carried out at a sea observation tower to investigate how whitecap coverage on the ocean surface responds to wave-field conditions. Images of whitecaps were taken for every 4 h or 7 h in the daytime using a 3CCD digital video camera fixed at 14 m elevation, and they were stored automatically in a hard disk video recorder at a time interval of 1 s. The determination of whitecap coverage was made by means of a digital image processing. The 1/3 power of whitecap coverage increases linearly with increasing the 10-m neutral wind speed. On the basis of the deflection angle between the propagating directions of wind waves and swell, wave-field conditions are classified into four cases. The present results show that whitecaps are produced most actively under the condition of the pure windsea and they tend to be suppressed by the presence of swell. It is difficult to find a certain relation between the deflection angle and whitecap coverage. Whitecap coverage also increases with the wave age in the same wind-speed conditions.     

气动式造波机中的横向波

本文讨论了用于产生二维波动的气动式造波机中,一种横向表面重力波的发生及其非线性特性。当输入频率接近于横向波的基频两倍时,利用奇摄动方法,可以得到横向波的振幅发展方程。振幅的理论预测与实验观察是定性相符的。     

管道水平定向钻穿越长江的技术分析

介绍了宁波-上海-南京进口原油管道定向穿越长江施工的设备配置以及管道水平钻进的入土角、出土角、曲率半径和穿越深度等设计要素的确定方法,分析了管道强度和回拖力的计算方法,详细阐述了施工过程。