阀控非对称缸位置系统的非线性建模

针对伺服阀控非对称液压缸系统存在的非线性特性,根据液压系统工作原理,应用功率键合图建模理论,建立了阀控非对称缸位置系统的键合图模型.通过模型仿真及试验结果对比,验证了模型的准确性,为应用各种控制策略改善系统性能提供了理论基础.     

Locomotive dynamic performance under traction/braking conditions considering effect of gear transmissions

Traction or braking operations are usually applied to trains or locomotives for acceleration, speed adjustment, and stopping. During these operations, gear transmission equipment plays a very significant role in the delivery of traction or electrical braking power. Failures of the gear transmissions are likely to cause power loses and even threaten the operation safety of the train. Its dynamic performance is closely related to the normal operation and service safety of the entire train, especially under some emergency braking conditions. In this paper, a locomotive–track coupled vertical–longitudinal dynamics model is employed with considering the dynamic action from the gear transmissions. This dynamics model enables the detailed analysis and more practical simulation on the characteristics of power transmission path, namely motor–gear transmission–wheelset–longitudinal motion of locomotive, especially for traction or braking conditions. Multi-excitation sources, such as time-varying mesh stiffness and nonlinear wheel–rail contact excitations, are considered in this study. This dynamics model is then validated by comparing the simulated results with the experimental test results under braking conditions. The calculated results indicate that involvement of gear transmission could reveal the load reduction of the wheelset due to transmitted forces. Vibrations of the wheelset and the motor are dominated by variation of the gear dynamic mesh forces in the low speed range and by rail geometric irregularity in the higher speed range. Rail vertical geometric irregularity could also cause wheelset longitudinal vibrations, and do modulations to the gear dynamic mesh forces. Besides, the hauling weight has little effect on the locomotive vibrations and the dynamic mesh forces of the gear transmissions for both traction and braking conditions under the same running speed.     

鄂东长江公路大桥活载非线性效应与试验分析

为了分析几何非线性对大跨度斜拉桥的活载效应的影响程度,以鄂东长江公路大桥(主跨926m的双塔双索面混合梁斜拉桥)为背景,利用MIDAS Civil软件建立全桥有限元模型,分别计算该桥在活载作用下考虑非线性效应与不考虑非线性效应的结构内力及位移,并与全桥荷载试验实测结果做对比分析。结果表明:对于鄂东长江公路大桥这样超大跨度的斜拉桥,活载的非线性计算结果更加符合大跨度斜拉桥的实际响应,线性计算结果误差较大,且偏于不安全。     

高烈度区高墩桥梁抗震措施研究

为研究高烈度区(设防烈度8.5度)高墩桥梁抗震措施,以位于高烈度区的某高墩桥梁为例进行分析。建立该桥所有联的线弹性计算模型,进行动力特性分析和反应谱分析。分析结果表明:支座顶面与梁底面发生了相对滑移,支座剪切变形较大,存在落梁隐患。在该桥上设计合适的顺桥向连梁装置、横向弹塑性挡块等抗震措施后,通过非线性时程分析验证其抗震效果。分析结果表明,采用的抗震措施可有效地控制墩顶位移、减小地震反应。     

千米级斜拉桥主梁挠度非线性随机静力分析

采用响应面法对千米级斜拉桥主梁最大挠度进行静力可靠度分析,考察主梁最大挠度随结构材料、几何尺寸及外荷载等不确定因素的变异而发生变化的规律。算例研究表明,主梁挠度可靠指标对各随机变量平均值和标准差的敏感程度不同。同其它随机变量相比,斜拉索弹性模量变异对千米级斜拉桥主梁挠度影响最为显著。主梁截面面积变异对千米级斜拉桥主梁挠度具有显著的影响,但与对千米以下斜拉桥主梁挠度的影响规律不同。     

船舶航迹跟踪的滑模控制

为了解决船舶路径跟踪中的非线性问题,在建立船舶非线性模型的基础上,采用指数趋近律,设计了船舶轨迹跟踪的滑模控制器,分别进行了动态直线跟踪和环形跟踪仿真试验,仿真结果表明,船舶动态轨迹跟踪性能良好,能精确保持航迹。     

基于模糊理论的船舶航向控制仿真研究

船舶航行过程中的航向控制是其重要的性能指标之一。船舶航向控制具有非线性、参数时变、大惯性和干扰复杂等特点,传统PID控制对于这种复杂的被控对象往往不能达到良好的效果。本文结合模糊理论,将模糊PID控制用于船舶航向控制。仿真结果表明,该控制器具有响应速度快,过渡时间短,抗干扰能力强等优点,与传统PID控制相比能达到较好的控制效果。     

鄂东长江公路大桥主桥静动载试验

鄂东长江公路大桥为半飘浮体系双塔混合梁斜拉桥,为评定该桥的性能及承载力,结合有限元法理论计算分析,对其主桥进行实桥静、动载试验。由静载试验测得主梁和桥塔的位移、应力及斜拉索的索力,通过实测值与计算值的比较,得出该桥主桥结构竖向整体刚度、承载力、桥塔结构整体纵向抗弯刚度、斜拉索索力均满足设计要求。通过由动载试验测得的桥梁结构自振特性、冲击系数与计算值的比较,可知该桥的颤振稳定性、振幅、冲击系数均满足规范要求,结构动力性能良好。     

Electrostatic Suspension System Nonlinear Character Analysis and Its Internal Model Control

Nonlinearity is an important characteristic in electrostatic suspension system (ESS). This paper concludes the nonlinear parts in ESS, which generally result from the relationships between rotor displacement and capacitance, rotor displacement and electrostatic force, and control voltage and electrostatic force. In terms of the nonlinearities, a new control method with modified internal model control (IMC) was proposed to analyze the ESS, deduce the transfer function of the modified IMC controller in ESS, and simulate this new application in ESS. Comparing with proportional integral derivative (PID) control, IMC has only a parameter, and has better performance. As a result, IMC solves nonlinearity error well in ESS with only one uncertain parameter, and performs well when the rotor has large displacement.     

钢管混凝土(单圆管)肋拱面内极限承载力的参数分析

应用双重非线性有限元分析方法对钢管混凝土(单圆管)肋拱受力全过程的非线性性能与极限承载力进行了参数分析。分析的参数有矢跨比、长细比、含钢率以及加载方式。分析结果可供提出极限承载力实用算法和工程应用参考。