加强施工图设计阶段工程投资的控制

建设项目投资控制是工程设计中的重要内容之一,投资控制贯穿于项目建设的全过程。也就是在满足技术规范要求的基础上,采取技术措施,将工程投资控制在主管部门批文的幅度内。本文结合上海市嘉金(A5)高速公路建设设计过程,着重讨论施工图设计阶段设计优化的重要性和必要性。     

船闸引航道口门外连接段通航水流条件标准

通过分析实船和船模试验资料,对船闸引航道口门外连接段的通航水流条件进行了探讨,并提出了满足船舶、船队安全通过连接段的水流流速限值标准。     

客运专线土质路基地段铺设无碴轨道调研及分析

介绍无碴轨道的特点,高速铁路发达国家以及国内研究、应用现状及土质路基地段铺设无碴轨道的技术条件;结合现行客运专线有碴轨道设计规范的有关规定,初步提出客运专线土质路基地段铺设无碴轨道的技术条件,就需深入研究的问题进行了讨论。     

深圳地铁空调冷负荷特性对冰蓄冷技术的影响

以屏蔽门系统某深圳地铁站为例 ,对地铁冷负荷情况进行分析 ,针对地铁站的特点对冰蓄冷的控制策略进行调整 ,并对常规空调与蓄冷空调的投资分析比较。     

三峡工程上游引航道布置对通航水流条件的影响

三峡工程上游引航道布置在设计过程中进行了多种方案的试验研究 ,通过 1:10 0的物理模型 ,从河势演变、枢纽泄洪、船闸灌水等方面对各方案引航道口门区、连接段和引航道内的通航水流条件进行了分析比较。结果表明 ,全包开山开口方案最佳 ,但综合考虑工程和清淤量等因素 ,目前选择了全包方案。     

Microbial food web responses to light and nutrients beneath the coastal Arctic Ocean sea ice during the winter–spring transition

We measured the abundance and biomass of phototrophic and heterotrophic microbes in the upper mixed layer of the water column in ice-covered Franklin Bay, Beaufort Sea, Canada, from December 2003 to May 2004, and evaluated the influence of light and nutrients on these communities by way of a shipboard enrichment experiment. Bacterial cell concentrations showed no consistent trends throughout the sampling period, averaging (± SD) 2.4 (0.9) × 10⁸ cells L^− 1; integrated bacterial biomass for the upper mixed layer ranged from 1.33 mg C m^− 3 to 3.60 mg C m^− 3. Small cells numerically dominated the heterotrophic protist community in both winter and spring, but in terms of biomass, protists with a diameter > 10 µm generally dominated the standing stocks. Heterotrophic protist biomass integrated over the upper mixed layer ranged from 1.23 mg C m^− 3 to 6.56 mg C m^− 3. Phytoplankton biomass was low and variable, but persisted during the winter period. The standing stock of pigment-containing protists ranged from a minimum value of 0.38 mg C m^− 3 in winter to a maximal value of 6.09 mg C m^− 3 in spring and the most abundant taxa were Micromonas-like cells. These picoprasinophytes began to increase under the ice in February and their population size was positively correlated with surface irradiance. Despite the continuing presence of sea ice, phytoplankton biomass rose by more than an order of magnitude in the upper mixed layer by May. The shipboard experiment in April showed that this phototrophic increase in the community was not responsive to pulsed nutrient enrichment, with all treatments showing a strong growth response to improved irradiance conditions. Molecular (DGGE) and microscopic analyses indicated that most components of the eukaryotic community responded positively to the light treatment. These results show the persistence of a phototrophic inoculum throughout winter darkness, and the strong seasonal response by arctic microbial food webs to sub-ice irradiance in early spring.     

自升式起重平台站立工况总体特性研究

采用有限元计算方法针对起吊能力800t的自升式起重平台站立状态在设计环境载荷作用下的桩腿强度、桩靴支反力、锁紧装置承载力、抗倾稳性及风、浪、流载荷影响因子等内容进行了分析研究,结果表明环境载荷作用方向90°时,桩腿UC值(实际应力与许用应力之比值)最大,对平台桩腿结构最为不利;风、浪载荷对桩腿UC值影响颇大,正确计算风、波浪载荷对平台结构安全评估有重要意义。     

某低地板客车用驱动桥壳强度分析

本文介绍了某低地板客车用驱动桥的安装形式及主要技术参数,基于有限元分析软件HyperWorks提供了一种驱动桥壳的分析方法,并对该驱动桥壳进行了以下典型工况的强度分析：垂直弯曲、制动、转弯和最大牵引力工况。本文对后续驱动桥壳的有限元分析具有一定的参考作用。     

海水-冰晶两相流非等温流动及传热研究

船舶在冰区航行时,存在冰晶颗粒混合海水流入船舶冷却系统现象。基于颗粒动力学理论,建立适用于海水-冰晶两相流的欧拉-欧拉双流体模型,耦合相间传热传质模型对海水-冰晶两相流在水平直管内流动及传热特性数值模拟。研究表明,冰晶颗粒流动过程中,在管道上部位置R=8~10mm处冰晶体积分数达到最大值,且随着速度增加而增大；当入口含冰率(IPF)为4%时,冰晶速度的最大值出现在管道中心轴线上方。当入口速度为1.0~3.0 m·s-1，含冰率4%~30%时，局部传热系数随入口速度及含冰率增大而增加。