考虑实时浮态调整的散货船分舱优化

以某散货船为例,在船舶主尺度、船型参数和货舱总长度不变的情况下,将货舱间横舱壁的偏移距离作为优化参数,以船舶静水弯矩和静水剪力为目标函数进行优化,寻求使船舶静水载荷达到最小的横舱壁组合,并针对货物随着舱壁位置不同而引起的浮态变化,编写实时调整压载水的程序。该程序可应用在散货船的初步设计中,对船舶分舱设计和配载布置都具有指导性的意义。     

高桩码头纵梁维修加固方法及对比

20世纪70～80年代修建的高桩码头由于长期处于氯盐侵蚀的环境中,码头浪溅区梁板钢筋容易发生锈蚀膨胀,进而引起混凝土纵向开裂、脱落。为保证码头结构安全需要对此类型的梁进行维修加固,基于实际码头维修加固工程对加大梁截面和粘贴碳纤维布两种维修加固方法进行介绍,从应用范围、施工效率、质量及成本4个方面对两种方法进行对比分析。结果表明,加大截面法比粘贴碳纤维布法的适用范围更广泛,但在施工效率、成本、施工难易及质量可控性等方面,粘贴碳纤维布法具有明显优势。     

深海变径声阵缆布放回收装置研究

本文提出了基于深海工作站运搭载的变径缆海底布放回收方式，介绍了变径缆海底布放回收装置的主要工作原理和结构组成，完成了布放回收装置主要部套件的设计计算以及和电液控制系统的设计及计算。     

Integrated models of land use and transportation for the autonomous vehicle revolution

ABSTRACT

The advent of the autonomous vehicle (AV) will affect not only the transportation system, but also future patterns of land development. Integrated land use and transportation models will be critical tools in assessing the path forward with this technology. Key questions with respect to land use impacts of AVs arise from potential changes in sensitivity to travel and reduced demand for parking. It is an open question whether AVs will induce urban sprawl, or whether spatial economies of agglomeration will mitigate any reductions in travel time sensitivity. The deployment of shared fleets of AVs would likely reduce parking demand, producing yet to be explored impacts on property development within existing urban footprints. We perform a critical assessment of currently operational models and their ability to represent the adoption of AVs. We identify the representation of time in such models as a vital component requiring additional development to model this new technology. Existing model applications have focused on the discrete addition of new infrastructure or policy at a fixed point in time, whereas AV adoption will occur incrementally through time. Stated adaptation surveys are recommended as tools to quantify preferences and develop relevant model inputs. It is argued that existing models that assume comparatively static equilibrium have been convenient in the past, but are insufficient to model technology adoption. In contrast, dynamic model frameworks lack sufficient structure to maintain reasonability under large perturbations from base conditions. The ongoing advancement of computing has allowed models to move away from being mechanistic aggregate tools, towards behaviourally rich depictions of individual persons and firms. However, much work remains to move from projections of existing conditions into the future, to the evolution of the spatial economy as it evolves through time in response to new technologies and exogenous stresses. Principles from complex and evolutionary systems theory will be important in the development of models with the capacity to consider such dynamics.     

福州东(樟林)车辆段工艺设计实践与创新

随着铁路建设的发展,福建省境内货车保有量大幅度增长,货车检修任务量增加迅速。樟林编组站位于福州枢纽,具备良好的扣车条件,在此新建1处货车车辆段将解决整个福建省货车的定期检修工作,而且能保障列车的运行安全,节约运输成本以及货车周转时间。福州东车辆段出入段线下穿既有温福铁路,有利于行车组织、运营安全。总图因地制宜全创新提出存车线(预检预修)与修车库贯通布置方案。充分梳理预检预修与架落车工艺,提出独立设置预检预修设施。论述抛丸除锈设备独立设置、转向架单臂悬挂检修流水线等修车库与联合车库创新设计,福州东(樟林)车辆段设计实现了创新理念和工程实际的协调统一。     

无砟轨道板精调车结构可靠性分析及优化

为提高无砟轨道板精调车结构的设计水平,考虑精调车荷载、几何尺寸和材料弹性模量等设计变量的随机性,对精调车结构进行可靠性分析、可靠性灵敏度分析和可靠性优化。首先,分析并得到精调车结构在串联失效模式下的结构功能函数;然后,运用响应面法和重要抽样方法,分析得到基于确定性优化的精调车结构的失效概率和可靠性灵敏度结果。最后,根据可靠性灵敏度分析结果,对该结构进行可靠性优化。分析精调车结构在可靠性优化前后的差异,结果表明,与确定性优化结果相比,可靠性优化使精调车结构自重增加了3.55%,但可靠度提高为0.999 999 987 7,说明设计变量的随机性对结构性能的干扰大幅减小。     

Online channel strategies under different offline channel power structures for the Belt and Road of China

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the online channel strategies adopted by Chinese manufacturers with regard to the Belt and Road. It also investigates the effect of offline channel power structures and maritime transportation costs on online channel mode selection and pricing strategies. The offline channel power structures are classified into three types, namely, Chinese manufacturer Stackelberg (MS) structure, vertical Nash (VN) structure, and foreign retailer Stackelberg (RS) structure. Furthermore, a game model is developed among the Chinese manufacturer, foreign retailer, and cross-border e-tailer to investigate the interactions among offline channel power structures, maritime transportation costs, and Chinese manufacturers’ online channel mode selection. The results show that Chinese manufacturers’ preferences for the online agency selling mode increases correspondingly with the decrease in their market position and bargaining power. Moreover, foreign retailers can obtain higher profits in the online agency selling mode under the VN structure. However, the level of profit for foreign retailers depends on the intensity of their competition with cross-border e-tailers under the MS and RS structures. Finally, consumers in countries along the Belt and Road can obtain a higher surplus in the online agency selling mode under all of the structures.     

澜沧江航道建设工程溪口滩航道整治方案

以澜沧江Ⅳ级航道建设工程溪口滩航道整治为依托，针对溪口滩整治过程中需要提升航道等级、维持航槽稳定的问题，从溪口滩水沙运动规律、历史整治情况、来水来石特征等方面分析不同溪口滩险形成原因，提出修建拦石坝、溪口导流坝以及常年维护疏浚等治理措施，以达到提升航道尺度并维持航道稳定的目的。结果表明，在山区河流溪口滩航道整治过程中采用拦、导、疏等工程措施，能够解决溪口滩险碍航成滩的难题，可为类似工程提供参考。     

建筑垃圾在公路路基中的应用研究

由于目前我国经济的蓬勃发展以及不断加快发展的城镇化,基础设施建设过程中产生的建筑垃圾如混凝土块、废渣等日趋增加。同时如何在我国的自然资源和土地资源不足的严峻挑战下,科学合理地对建筑垃圾数量进行控制并对其进行循环利用,不仅可以实现建筑垃圾资源化,达到绿色环保可持续发展的目标,还可以大幅度提高社会和经济效益。本文从建筑垃圾的现状及综合治理的意义出发,研究了建筑垃圾分类与处理,分析了建筑垃圾的作用机理,最后研究了建筑垃圾在路基施工中的应用。     

公路工程监理与国际惯例的差距探讨

通过对我国公路工程监理和国际惯例的比较，指出了我国公路工程监理机制与国际惯例的差距，并提出了解决问题的建议。