一种船体三维湿表面网格自动生成方法

运用累加弦长的三次参数样条函数理论,提出了一种实现船体三维湿表面网格自动生成的方法。计算实践表明,该网格生成方法准确,高效、灵活,完全可以满足船舶三维水动力计算的需要,为船舶运动与波浪载荷三维计算方法在实船预报中的应用提供了前提基础。     

基于遗传优化的水面无人船艇神经网络智能控制

利用GA智能优化算法和RBF神经网络逼近算法设计了一种USV运动滑模理想跟踪控制方法.首先利用改进的遗传算法对RBF网络参数进行在线寻优以进而提高其逼近性能.其次,将学习速度较快的局部RBF神经网络对滑模控制设计中存在的船舶运动系统函数不确定项进行逼近,使得由于滑模面的不间断切换引起的控制输入抖振问题得到有效地解决.对比实验说明了在同等条件下,上述智能控制系统稳定时间更快,超调量更小,以及输入舵角更平滑.     

公路工程地方技术标准修编时序模型研究

为了提高公路工程相关技术标准编制规划过程中的针对性和实用性,通过对现有国家行业 标准的梳理与实地调研,首先运用灰色关联的TOPSIS 法对调查结果进行排序分类,得到初步修 编计划;再通过贝叶斯判别法建立预测模型,借助统计分析软件SPSS 进行分析,得到判别函数 的影响因子及其系数,构建广义的公路工程地方标准编制时序判别模型;最后,以山西省公路桥 梁现状为例,统计其近年来由超限引起的桥梁事故,并将所建模型应用于当地《桥梁承载能力设 计细则》修编计划中加以验证。计算结果表明,该项标准的修编计划为“近期”,从而验证了模 型的适用性。     

汽车车身漆面的维护与修补

阐述汽车车身防锈、车身拆装维修的事项和要求,以及车身漆面的维护和修补要点。     

基于视觉识别的线控制动压力滑模控制

制动安全是车辆主动安全的关键技术之一.制动决策和执行器控制是影响线控制动系统性能的两个主要因素.路面自适应性和控制器鲁棒性分别对制动决策和执行器控制有着重要影响,制约着线控制动系统的发展.本文中以一种液压调控的线控制动系统为基础,针对路面自适应性和控制器鲁棒性问题,提出一种双层结构的制动系统控制器,上层采用计算机视觉的...     

Ultimate strength of container ships subjected to combined hogging moment and bottom local loads part 1: Nonlinear finite element analysis

This paper is the first of two companion papers concerning the ultimate hull girder strength of container ships subjected to combined hogging moment and bottom local loads. In the midship part of container ships, upward bottom local loads are usually larger than the downward ones. This leads to the increase of biaxial compression in the outer bottom plating and the reduction of the ultimate hull girder strength in the hogging condition. In this Part 1, the collapse behavior and ultimate strength of container ships under combined hogging moment and bottom local loads are analyzed using nonlinear finite element method. Buckling collapse behavior of bottom stiffened panels during the progressive collapse of a hull girder is closely investigated. It has been found that major factors of the reduction of ultimate hogging strength due to bottom local loads are (1) the increase of the longitudinal compression in the outer bottom and (2) the reduction of the effectiveness of the inner bottom, which is on the tension side of local bending of the double bottom. The obtained results will be utilized in the Part 2 paper to develop a simplified method of progressive collapse analysis of container ships under combined hogging moment and bottom local loads.     

商合杭铁路车站路基地基处理与支挡设计

高速铁路车站路基由于路基宽度较宽,周边环境复杂与站房工程接口十分复杂,其地基处理和支挡结构设置需要考虑的因素众多,导致其设计远较区间路基复杂。商合杭铁路车站路基主要采用了CFG桩复合地基、螺杆桩复合地基、管桩桩筏结构、钻孔桩桩筏结构等地基处理方式,支挡结构采用了悬臂式挡土墙、扶壁式挡土墙、桩板墙。施工实践证明,这些工程方案是可靠的,但是在细节上也存在一些值得思考的问题。本文详述了在建商合杭铁路车站路基的地基处理和支挡工程措施及其存在的问题、解决方案及工程效果,可作为类似工程的设计参考。     

曲线运动潜体近水面兴波时域研究

本文利用快速多极子面元法的高效性与精确性,对近水面潜体在水平面曲线运动过程中的时域兴波势流问题展开研究。首先确定了自由面网格密度及时域更新方法以保证数值模拟的准确性,探索了椭球潜体在水下做直线运动与曲线运动时阻力系数与升力系数变化的区别,明确了曲线运动过程中各项系数的变化规律,并针对不同的偏航角度的兴波特性进行比较,研究偏航角度大小对于潜体兴波阻力、升力以及表面兴波波形的影响。研究结果表明,当偏航角较大时,表面兴波对曲线运动潜体所受阻力和升力影响均非常显著;随着偏航角度的变大,各波系间的相互作用更加明显,表面波形更为复杂,导致了兴波阻力激增,阻力及升力曲线均出现大幅波动且不对称性。     

港口沉积物控制和管理风险分析及管理建议

为应对外来物种入侵和病原体跨境传播,国际海事组织(IMO)于2004年制定了《国际压载水和沉积物管理和控制公约》。目前的研究主要集中在压载水的管理和控制,压载水沉积物排放、处理、处置和管理体系目前处于空缺状态。文中通过调研和分析比较的方法,了解我国及全球范围内主要港口沉积物处理接收和处置现状,并对可能造成的环境、人员、财产和自然资源的损害进行风险分析,提出相应的对策及管理建议。     

Rising Sea Levels: Helping Decision-Makers Confront the Inevitable

Sea-level rise (SLR) is not just a future trend; it is occurring now in most coastal regions across the globe. It thus impacts not only long-range planning in coastal environments, but also emergency preparedness. Its inevitability and irreversibility on long time scales, in addition to its spatial non-uniformity, uncertain magnitude and timing, and capacity to drive non-stationarity in coastal flooding on planning and engineering timescales, create unique challenges for coastal risk-management decision processes. This review assesses past United States federal efforts to synthesize evolving SLR science in support of coastal risk management. In particular, it outlines the: (1) evolution in global SLR scenarios to those using a risk-based perspective that also considers low-probability but high-consequence outcomes, (2) regionalization of the global scenarios, and (3) use of probabilistic approaches. It also describes efforts to further contextualize regional scenarios by combining local mean sea-level changes with extreme water level projections. Finally, it offers perspectives on key issues relevant to the future uptake, interpretation, and application of sea-level change scenarios in decision-making. These perspectives have utility for efforts to craft standards and guidance for preparedness and resilience measures to reduce the risk of coastal flooding and other impacts related to SLR.