新型组合结构高墩的静力学分析方法

特大跨桥梁的塔柱以及超高桥梁的墩柱通常采用薄壁截面形式，以克服自重过大的问题。当薄壁墩柱遭遇强地震作用时，通过墩柱产生塑性铰来耗散地震能量，保护整体结构的安全性。但薄壁墩柱存在耗能能力有限、修复困难的缺陷，为便于概念设计，通过对该结构体系进行力学简化，使用连续连杆法对受力特征进行分析，建立了相应的力法方程并对其理论求解方法进行推导；根据位移等效原则，求解出顶部受集中力的悬臂墩等效惯性矩，便于计算顶部位移；提出了比例参数的概念，用于结构构件进行参数优化，可方便、有效地实现结构的力学性能设计；为验证连续连杆法、等效惯性矩计算方法的可靠性，进行了有限元数值分析。研究结果表明：解析解与试验结果及有限元分析结果吻合较好；提出的新型自耗能高墩兼具较大的耗能能力和可恢复性的优势；采用连续连杆法分析新型自耗能高墩结构体系的内力和位移是可行的。所得结果对新型自耗能高墩结构体系的设计具有指导性，利用等效惯性矩求解结构的顶点位移可以很好地满足设计精度要求。     

利用地下空间助力发展绿色建筑与绿色城市

当今世界，绿色发展已经成为一个重要趋势，绿色发展理念更是指导我国“十三五”规划的重要理念之一。建设城市地下空间是转变城市发展方式、治理“城市病”并建设绿色城市的主要着力点。首先，说明绿色建筑与绿色城市的概念，以及二者的关系。重点从节约土地、利用地热能、节水、绿色城市基础设施（包括绿色客运城市交通和城际交通，未来城市货运交通，绿色城市污水、雨洪蓄排系统，绿色城市垃圾集运和处理系统，智慧地下综合管廊，城市智慧行车系统）等方面，并结合国内外典型案例分析说明利用地下空间发展绿色建筑和绿色城市的理念、方法、构想。最后，结合实例强调地下空间开发规划的重要性、规划科学的重要性、开发与规划中的问题及规划的具体要求。     

A tyre slip-based integrated chassis control of front/rear traction distribution and four-wheel independent brake from moderate driving to limit handling

This paper presents a tyre slip-based integrated chassis control of front/rear traction distribution and four-wheel braking for enhanced performance from moderate driving to limit handling. The proposed algorithm adopted hierarchical structure: supervisor – desired motion tracking controller – optimisation-based control allocation. In the supervisor, by considering transient cornering characteristics, desired vehicle motion is calculated. In the desired motion tracking controller, in order to track desired vehicle motion, virtual control input is determined in the manner of sliding mode control. In the control allocation, virtual control input is allocated to minimise cost function. The cost function consists of two major parts. First part is a slip-based tyre friction utilisation quantification, which does not need a tyre force estimation. Second part is an allocation guideline, which guides optimally allocated inputs to predefined solution. The proposed algorithm has been investigated via simulation from moderate driving to limit handling scenario. Compared to Base and direct yaw moment control system, the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce tyre dissipation energy in the moderate driving situation. Moreover, the proposed algorithm enhances limit handling performance compared to Base and direct yaw moment control system. In addition to comparison with Base and direct yaw moment control, comparison the proposed algorithm with the control algorithm based on the known tyre force information has been conducted. The results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is similar with that of the control algorithm with the known tyre force information.     

基于用户认知的新能源汽车内饰研究

在体验经济时代(在消费过程中追求顾客满意、注重自我体验),新能源汽车作为汽车行业的新兴产业,不断受到人们的追捧,其内饰比外观更为重要。在新能源汽车的内饰中,许多零部件具有不可替代的互动性,这也是用户了解新能源汽车内饰的关键因素之一。在智能化时代的背景下,大多数新能源汽车制造商单纯地将智能技术应用到新能源汽车上,其内饰造型、人机交互和使用体验已经不能满足客户对新能源汽车的要求。人机工程学是新能源汽车内饰设计的出发点,掌握用户形象认知是新能源汽车内饰设计的关键。因此,本文从用户的认知角度来研究新能源汽车的内饰设计与创新。     

城市轨道交通车辆能耗计量及管理系统

介绍了城市轨道交通车辆能耗计量及管理系统的结构、功能.城市轨道交通车辆能耗计量及管理系统采用六通道能耗计量装置和RFID(射频识别)列车定位技术,实现了对地铁车辆能耗的分类计量.建立GPRS(通用分组无线服务)无线传输数据机制和地铁车辆能耗管理平台,处理并存储能耗数据,自动生成曲线和统计报表,实现地铁车辆能耗信息化管理.该系统已在上海轨道交通1号线01A02车型上试点应用,基本功能已得到验证.     

三峡库区船舶碰撞能量损失方法的研究

采用外部碰撞力学方法计算2艘2 000 t级化学品船以不同速度,不同碰撞角,在不同碰撞点相撞后的能量损失,并利用显示动力有限元软件LS_DYNA模拟2艘化学品船在能量损失最大情况下碰撞的响应.     

能效设计指数EEDI功率曲线的直接计算方法

船舶能效规则强制生效后，所有适用船舶必须满足Attained EEDI≤Requied EEDI的条件，因此准确估算或预报功率曲线从而计算得到Attained EEDI将对适用船型具有极为重要的意义。根据国内外关于功率-转速-航速预报的最新进展，依据螺旋桨敞水性能图谱，采用KT/J^2系数，给出了功率曲线的直接计算方法，经实际算例验证，该方法相对传统的间接计算方法更为清晰简便，且结果准确可靠。     

船舶传染病隔离舱空调系统设计的探讨

介绍了船舶传染病隔离负压舱的空调系统设计的特点和思路,结合一典型传染病舱模型进行空调系统设计,对舱内污染控制分区进行了分区设置,对换气次数、负压值、空调负荷、空气处理等主要技术指标进行了计算和结果分析。结合舱内空调负荷介绍了通风换气设备与节能措施,根据传染病隔离负压舱空调系统的特点选取了相应的热回收装置,并描述了其工作原理和特点。     

寒冷地区公路隧道节能照明设计

鉴于快速发展的公路隧道在设计及运营管理过程中暴露出的许多不足,如由于我国照明设计规范中的设计照明参数值较大,公路隧道照明耗电负荷大于90 k W/km,高耗电现象较多,故导致很多隧道运营时往往只使用设计照明负荷的1/2或1/3,甚至很多低等级公路隧道干脆不开照明灯,给隧道运营带来了安全隐患。文章就完善公路隧道节能照明设计展开分析,力求对公路隧道节能照明设计提供借鉴。     

Mitigating the effect of impact loading on a vehicle using an essentially nonlinear absorber

The aim of this study is to investigate the ability of an essentially nonlinear vibration absorber to mitigate the large accelerations transmitted to a passenger compartment of a vehicle which is subjected to shock-type transient loading at the chassis. For such problems, the induced vibration typically attains its maximum value shortly after the application of the loading; thus, it may be impossible to dissipate a major portion of the input energy prior to the occurrence of the peak response. Here, a class of absorbers possessing a form of discontinuous essential stiffness nonlinearity is employed to achieve the desired mitigation. In this paper, we apply a single vibro-impact (VI) absorber to the chassis and examine whether the resulting energy transfer mechanism is an effective way to reduce the peak value of the inertial force measured at the passenger compartment. The influence of the absorber parameters is first studied based on a practical impulsive force, and the optimal design of the absorber is then obtained. Next, an asymmetric clearance arrangement of the absorber is suggested to facilitate the mitigation. Finally, an impulsive acceleration excitation is applied to the system to examine the robustness and efficacy of the optimised absorber. Results of numerical simulations demonstrate that a properly designed VI absorber can significantly decrease the maximum inertial force at the passenger compartment, generated by external impulsive excitations.