嘉兴市G320国道某桥吊杆更换施工技术

文章以嘉兴市G320国道某桥的维修加固工程为背景,阐述了拱桥吊杆更换的原则、关键技术、施工特点和吊杆的选取情况,介绍了吊杆更换的施工工艺流程。并从施工准备、体系转换、拆除旧吊杆、安装新吊杆、吊杆防护等方面探讨了拱桥吊杆更换的施工技术要点。实践证明,该吊杆更换技术是安全可行的。     

PROLIFERATION AND MIGRATION OF EPENDYMAL CELLS IN THE BRAIN OF ADULT RATS AFTER PERMANENT FOCAL CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA

Objective Ependymal cells are thought to be the primary source of neural stem cells in the adult central nervous system. The purpose of this study is to examine spatial and temporal profiles of ependymal cell proliferation and migration after focal cerebral ischemia. Methods Eighty male Sprague Dawley rats underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion after injection of 10/μL of 0.2% Dil into the lateral ventricle. Rats were sacrificed and brain sections were acquired for pathological evaluation and laser confocal imaging at day 1,3,7,11,14,21 and 28 after ischemia. Results The density of Dil-labeled cells in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone was significantly higher than that in the control group and these labeled cells dispersed in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone and/or were located in ependyma from day 1 to 11. In the ischemic ipsilateral cortex, some Diilabeled cells occurred in peri-infarction and infarction of parietal region at day14 and peaked at day 21 when some Dil-labeled cell nodules were found in this region. During postischemic day 14--28, a significant decrease in labeled celldensity in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone was coincident with a significant increase in labeled cells density in the cortex (peri-infarction and infarction). Conclusion The results indicate that ependymal cells proliferate and migrate after focal cerebral ischemia in the adult rat brain.     

PROPERTIES OF PROLIFERATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF NEONATAL RAT RETINAL PROGENITOR CELLS IN VITRO

Objective To investigate the properties of proliferation and differentiation of neonatal rat retinal progenitor cells （RPCs） in vitro. Methods RPCs were isolated from neonatal SD rats neural retina and cultured in DMEM/F12 ＋ N2 with EGF and bFGF （suspension medium ） or 10 % FBS without EGF and bFGF （ differentiation medium）. The cells grew as suspended spheres or adherent monolayers, depending on different culture conditions. The neural stem cells or retinal progenitors, neurons, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells, rod photoreceptors and the proliferating cells were evaluated with immunofluorescence analysis by Nestin or Pax6, Map2, GFAP, Thy-1, Rhodopsin and BrdU antibodies respectively. Results RPCs could propagate and differentiate in suspension or differentiation medium and express the markers of Nestin （92.86%） or Pax6 （86.75%）, Map2 （38.54%）, GFAP （20.93%）, Thy-1 （27. 66%） and Rhodopsin（13. 33%）in suspension medium; however, Nestin （60.27%）, Pax6 （52%）, Map2 （34.94%）, GFAP （38.17%）, Thy-1 （30.84%） and Rhodopsin （34.67%） in differentiation medium. 96.4 % of the population in the neurospheres was BrdU-positive cells. The cells could spontaneously adherent forming some subspheres and retinal specific cell types. Conclusion Neonatal rat RPCs possess the high degree of proliferation and can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells and rod photoreceptors in vitro. There are different proportions for RPCs to differentiate into specific cell types.     

川芎嗪对成体大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后海马齿状回细胞增殖的影响

目的研究川芎嗪(tetramethylpyrazine,TMP)对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后海马齿状回(dentate gyrus,DG)细胞增殖的影响。方法成年雄性SD大鼠行2 h大脑中动脉阻塞手术,术后2 h开始腹腔注射TMP[40 mg/(kg.d)]。手术后腹腔注射5-溴脱氧尿核苷(5-bromodeoxyuridine,BrdU),末次注射24 h后处死动物,免疫组化染色观察TMP对脑缺血再灌注损伤后DG细胞增殖的作用。结果正常组和假手术组在DG有少量BrdU阳性细胞,对照组缺血后1 d阳性细胞开始增加,14 d达到高峰(P<0.05),TMP治疗组缺血后1 d损伤侧BrdU阳性细胞数开始增加,7 d达高峰(P<0.05)。结论TMP能促进缺血再灌注损伤大鼠海马齿状回内源性神经干细胞增殖。     

激光显微切割联合功能分类表达谱芯片技术在脑缺血研究中的应用

目的探讨激光捕获显微切割分离大鼠脑微血管和神经元联合功能分类表达谱cDNA芯片技术在脑缺血研究的应用。方法激光捕获显微切割获取脑切片微血管和神经元,微量RNA提取试剂盒提取总RNA,线性扩增mRNA,紫外分光光度计定量所得aRNA(antisense RNA)扩增效率,基因特异性引物进行cDNA探针合成,进行芯片杂交反应。结果微血管和神经元各自捕获的总点数大约为8000~10000,T7线性扩增所得aRNA的量约为500~1000ng,探针合成效率高,杂交反应格局清晰良好。结论激光捕获显微切割,结合T7RNA线性扩增及基因特异性引物线性扩增技术,可成功的应用于功能分类表达谱cDNA芯片的分析研究。     

大鼠脑发育过程中碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的免疫组织化学研究

目的　研究碱性成纤维细胞生长因子 (bFGF)阳性细胞在大鼠不同发育时期不同脑区的分布。方法　应用免疫组织化学ABC法 ,对不同发育时期大鼠脑的嗅球、室管膜、室管膜下区、顶叶皮质、纹状体、海马进行bFGF免疫组织化学染色及光镜观察。结果　bFGF在脑内广泛表达 ,其表达强弱随年龄和部位不同而变化。E18～ 3d组bFGF阳性细胞显色较弱 ,以后各组显色较强。阳性细胞呈现胞浆或 (和 )核阳性。结论　bFGF在脑内分布广泛 ,其对中枢神经系统的发育及生长发挥重要作用     

THE EFFECT OF LIGUSTRAZINE ON NEUROGENESIS IN CORTEX AFTER FOCAL CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA IN RATS

Objective To explore the effect of Ligustrazine on neurogenesis in cortex after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Methods Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by left middle cerebral artery occlusion with a suture. Two hours later, injection of Ligustrazine （80 mg/kg, 1 time/d） was performed peritoneally. Four hours after the ischemia, 5-bromodeoxyuridine （BrdU） （50 mg/kg, 1 time/d） was injected peritoneally. At 7 d, 14 d and 21 d after ischemia, BrdU positive cells in the cortex were observed by cal staining. Results In ischemic model group, at 7 day, sparsely-distributed BrdU positive cells were observed in the Ⅱ-- Ⅵ layers of the ipsilateral cortex, with a bandlike distribution in ischemic penumbra. With the prolongation of ischemia, the number of BrdU positive cells increased. In Ligustrazine group, BrdU positive cells were also observed in theⅡ-- Ⅵ layers of the cortex, with an intense distribution in ischemic penumbra. The numbers of BrdU positive cells at 7 d, 14 d and 21 d were more than those in ischemic model group respectively. Conclusion Ligustrazine increases the proliferated cells in cortex after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. The results suggest that it may be useful for promoting self-repair after ischemia.     

川芎嗪对大鼠局部脑缺血后空间学习和记忆的影响

目的探讨川芎嗪对大鼠局部脑缺血后空间学习记忆能力障碍的作用。方法线栓法制作大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)模型,术后2周内腹腔注射川芎嗪,第15天开始采用Morris水迷宫装置评价大鼠的空间学习记忆能力,脑切片尼氏染色观察皮质和海马的神经元数量变化。结果脑缺血对照组大鼠在定向航行试验和空间探索试验中均表现出明显的空间认知功能的障碍,川芎嗪治疗组大鼠平均逃避潜伏期与缺血对照组比较明显缩短(P<0.01)。在空间探索试验中,川芎嗪治疗组大鼠原平台象限停留时间百分比以及穿过原平台位置次数均大于脑缺血对照组(P<0.01)。在形态学观察中,川芎嗪治疗组大鼠缺血侧顶叶皮质神经元数量明显多于脑缺血对照组(P<0.01),各组动物海马神经元数量上无统计学差异。结论川芎嗪可以明显改善大鼠永久性局部脑缺血后空间学习记忆能力,其机制可能与川芎嗪对神经元的保护作用有关。     

脑源性神经营养因子融合蛋白真核表达质粒的构建及表达

目的 构建以增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)为报告基因的脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)融合蛋白真核表达质粒,并对其表达和定位进行研究.方法 以人血白细胞DNA为模板,利用一对删除终止密码子的引物进行PCR获得BDNF基因片段,并将其与pEGFP-N1质粒载体连接,构建BDNF-EGFP融合蛋白真核表达质粒.以脂质体Lipofectamine2000 转染Hela细胞,提取总RNA,通过RT-PCR方法检测BDNF-EGFP在转录水平的表达,Western blot 及荧光显微镜进一步观察融合蛋白的表达定位.结果 酶切和PCR鉴定证实BDNF基因片段正确克隆入载体质粒中,转染Hela细胞后,RT PCR证实BDNF EGFP融合蛋白在转录水平有表达,荧光显微镜观察显示BDNF EGFP融合蛋白主要分布于细胞质中,Western blot结果显示Hela细胞培养液中有BDNF EGFP融合蛋白存在. 结论成功构建了BDNF EGFP融合蛋白真核细胞表达质粒,BDNF EGFP融合蛋白能够在Hela细胞中表达,主要位于细胞质中并可以分泌到细胞外.