现在我不想念F1——转投WRC的F1世界冠军莱科宁

今年，莱科宁要暂时离开他熟悉的一级方程式赛车围场了。在走之前，看看我们的记者可以从这个沉默寡言的芬兰车手口中再挖点什么猛料出来？     

Multiple criteria optimization method for the vehicle assignment problem in a bus transportation company

A vehicle assignment problem (VAP) in a road, long‐haul, passenger transportation company with heterogeneous fleet of buses is considered in the paper. The mathematical model of the VAP is formulated in terms of multiobjective, combinatorial optimization. It has a strategic, long‐term character and takes into account four criteria that represent interests of both passengers and the company's management. The decision consists in the definition of weekly operating frequency (number of rides per week) of buses on international routes between Polish and Western European cities. The VAP is solved in a step‐wise procedure. In the first step a sample of efficient (Pareto‐optimal) solutions is generated using an original metaheuristic method called Pareto Memetic Algorithm (PMA). In the second step this sample is reviewed and evaluated by the Decision Maker (DM). In this phase an interactive, multiple criteria analysis method with graphical facilities, called Light Beam Search (LBS), is applied. The method helps the DM to define his/her preferences, direct the search process and select the most satisfactory solution.     

还没有发生的奇迹

舒马赫还是回来了!很少有人在40岁的时候还能依然站在F1的赛场之上,但是大家仍然认为可以对舒米的这次复出有所期待。特别是我们的英国同行,对这位德国人的期许甚至凌驾于国际意识之上了——让我们来看看他们是怎么评价这个事件的。     

Shared ride services in North America: definitions,impacts, and the future of pooling

ABSTRACT

Shared ride services allow riders to share a ride to a common destination. They include ridesharing (carpooling and vanpooling); ridesplitting (a pooled version of ridesourcing/transportation network companies); taxi sharing; and microtransit. In recent years, growth of Internet-enabled wireless technologies, global satellite systems, and cloud computing - coupled with data sharing – are causing people to increase their use of mobile applications to share a ride. Some shared ride services, such as carpooling and vanpooling, can provide transportation, infrastructure, environmental, and social benefits. This paper reviews common shared ride service models, definitions, and summarises existing North American impact studies. Additionally, we explore the convergence of shared mobility; electrification; and automation, including the potential impacts of shared automated vehicle (SAV) systems. While SAV impacts remain uncertain, many practitioners and academic research predict higher efficiency, affordability, and lower greenhouse gas emissions. The impacts of SAVs will likely depend on the number of personally owned automated vehicles; types of sharing (concurrent or sequential); and the future modal split among public transit, shared fleets, and pooled rides. We conclude the paper with recommendations for local governments and public agencies to help in managing the transition to highly automated vehicles and encouraging higher occupancy modes.     

交流传动系统串联补偿和并联补偿的研究

描述了串联补偿线路和并联补偿线路的比较,而且专门对具有相同额定值的静态无功补偿(Static Var Compensator SVC)和晶控串联电容器(Thyristor-Contorlled Series Capacitor TCSC)进行了比较.通过变化传输线的线路长度来测试这两种控制器在加强暂态稳定性方面的效果.结果表明,随着传输线路长度的增加,静态无功补偿装置比晶控串联电容器有更好的效果.     

U.S. import/export container flow modeling and disruption analysis

International containerized freight movement is a vital part of the supply chain for many companies, and a critical element of moving consumer goods to points of retail sale within the U.S. Containerized imports also present a clear security concern (e.g., terrorists attempting to ship “dirty bombs,” chemical, biological or even nuclear weapons, into the U.S. in a shipping container). The goal of the research presented here is to create a modeling tool for analyzing flows of U.S. imports and exports of containerized freight, and the potential changes in those flows under a variety of conditions (e.g., port disruptions, extensive security-related delays, etc.). Our focus is on movements through maritime container ports, and not overland movements between the U.S. and Canada or Mexico.The network model, referred to as the System for Import/Export Routing and Recovery Analysis (SIERRA), represents container movements between the U.S. and 46 other countries that account for the vast majority of U.S. imports and exports. The SIERRA model is a network equilibrium model that predicts flows between foreign countries and North American ports, the total volumes handled (import and export) by each port, the modal volumes (truck and rail) moving domestically into and out of each port, and volumes between each port and a set of transportation analysis zones within the U.S.     

A mixed-integer linear program for optimizing sensor locations along freeway corridors

How to optimally allocate limited freeway sensor resources is of great interest to transportation engineers. In this paper, we focus on the optimal allocation of point sensors, such as loop detectors, to minimize performance measurement errors. Although it has been shown that the minimization problem can be intuitively formulated as a nonlinear program, the formulation is so complex that only heuristic approaches can be used to solve the problem. In this paper, we transform the nonlinear program into an equivalent mixed-integer linear model. The linearized model is shown to have a graphical interpretation and can be solved using resource constrained shortest path algorithms. A customized Branch-and-Bound technique is then proposed to solve the resource constrained shortest path problem. Numerical experiments along an urban freeway corridor demonstrate that this sensor location model is successful in allocating loop detectors to improve the accuracy of travel time estimation.     

中国增加新船贷款

中国计划向利用国内港口转运货物的出口企业提供税务激励,以从国外竞争对手那里吸引更多货运量。例如,从青岛、武汉起程的出口船只如果利用上海洋山港转运,将可获得退税。这一计划由国务院实施,将针对干散货船和集装箱船展开,以帮助国内港口与邻近的航运中心竞争。     

面向对象技术在牵引供电系统仿真中的应用

该文描述了采用面向对象对象技术在牵引供电系统数字仿真中的应用,将面向对象程序设计方法中的突出优点,如封装性、继承性和多态性应用在牵引供电系统仿真中.通过应用面向对象设计方法,在仿真程序开发中,可以使设计出的软件尽可能直接地描述现实世界,构造出模块化的、可重用的、维护性好的软件,同时可以简化仿真程序.     

A review on travel behaviour modelling in dynamic traffic simulation models for evacuations

Dynamic traffic simulation models are frequently used to support decisions when planning an evacuation. This contribution reviews the different (mathematical) model formulations underlying these traffic simulation models used in evacuation studies and the behavioural assumptions that are made. The appropriateness of these behavioural assumptions is elaborated on in light of the current consensus on evacuation travel behaviour, based on the view from the social sciences as well as empirical studies on evacuation behaviour. The focus lies on how travellers’ decisions are predicted through simulation regarding the choice to evacuate, departure time choice, destination choice, and route choice. For the evacuation participation and departure time choice we argue in favour of the simultaneous approach to dynamic evacuation demand prediction using the repeated binary logit model. For the destination choice we show how further research is needed to generalize the current preliminary findings on the location-type specific destination choice models. For the evacuation route choice we argue in favour of hybrid route choice models that enable both following instructed routes and en-route switches. Within each of these discussions, we point at current limitations and make corresponding suggestions on promising future research directions.