三峡水库运用后荆江河道断面形态变化及对航道条件的影响

利用三峡水库运用后水沙、地形资料,分析了荆江河道水沙、河道冲淤、宽深比、断面形态变化的规律,并在此基础上研究了断面形态变化对荆江航道条件的影响.结果表明:三峡水库运用后荆江不同类型河道断面形态呈现不同的变化规律,同时也存在共同特点,即上游水沙条件变化引起边滩冲刷,河宽增加,束水能力下降,同流量下河道水流弯曲度有所减小;受长期清水下泄的影响,以上变化将会进一步持续和发展,边滩冲刷、河宽增加仍将是未来一段时期荆江特别是下荆江河道变化的主要形式和特征,这些变化将对荆江的航道条件产生一定的不利影响.     

Modified QUICK schemes for 3D advection-diffusion equation of pollutants on unstructured grids

In the framework of finite volume method (FVM), two modified schemes of quadratic upstream interpolation for convective kinematics (QUICK), namely quasi-QUICK (Q-QUICK) and normal quasi-QUICK (NQ-QUICK), for improving the precision of convective flux approximation are verified in 3D unsteady advection-diffusion equation of pollutants on unstructured grids. The constructed auxiliary nodes for Q-QUICK or NQQUICK are composed of two neighboring nodes plus the next upwind node; the later node is generated from intersection of the line of current neighboring nodes and their corresponding interfaces. The numerical results show that Q-QUICK and NQ-QUICK overwhelm central differencing scheme (CDS) in computational accuracy and behave similar numerical stability to upwind difference scheme (UDS), hybrid differencing scheme (HDS) and power difference scheme (PDS) after applying the deferred correction method. Their corresponding CPU time is approximately equivalent to that of traditional difference schemes. In addition, their abilities for adapting high grid deformation are robust. It is so promising to apply the suggested schemes to simulate pollutant transportation on arbitrary 3D natural boundary in the hydraulic or environmental engineering.