基于双目视觉的水下连接器位姿测量方法

水下连接器的对接作业是水下工程作业的重要环节,针对目前依靠摄像机传回视频进行作业过程中存在的操作难度大、依赖操作员经验的问题,设计基于双目视觉的水下连接器位姿测量方法。该方法首先根据水下连接器的颜色特征确定检测范围,之后在检测范围中以水下连接器为模板进行初步定位,然后根据水下连接器端面的成像特点检测椭圆特征,并进行双目匹配获得相关三维点坐标,最后计算得出水下连接器的位姿。实验表明,该方法位置测量平均误差1.3%,姿态测量平均误差3.5°,可以较好地为水下连接器对接作业提供参考。     

北京地铁八通线列车牵引系统自主化改造设计

北京地铁八通线原有列车牵引系统设备为日本东洋公司制造,设备日常检修维护过程中存在检修费用高、周期长的缺点,在对信号系统进行ATO(列车自动运行)改造时,牵引核心设备需进行相关接口的修改,这使得进口设备成本与用户需求的矛盾突出。对北京地铁八通线既有东洋牵引系统进行自主化改造设计,在兼容原有牵引设备机械接口与电气接口的基础上提出了优化改造方案,并在实际产品中进行了功能验证,实现了对北京地铁八通线原列车牵引系统的替换和功能优化。     

未知时变扰动和输入饱和下的智能船舶鲁棒非线性控制

复杂海况下环境多变并且船舶具有多耦合、强非线性的特点，针对智能船舶定位控制问题，考虑在未知时变扰动和输入饱和约束之下船舶的定位控制问题，结合非线性扰动观测器提出一种带辅助动态系统的鲁棒非线性控制算法。通过Lyapunov理论证明了所提出的非线性扰动观测器与控制器结合后闭环系统的稳定性和信号的一致最终有界性。利用非线性扰动观测器对环境中存在的海浪扰动进行有效的估计处理。最后，通过仿真验证了所提出的控制算法不仅能保证船舶期望的位置和艏向，而且提高了控制速度，具有较好的控制性能。     

Adaptive robust control for an active heave compensation system

Active heave compensation systems are usually employed in offshore and deep-sea operations to reduce the adverse impact of unexpected vessel’s vertical motion on the response of underwater instruments.This paper presents a control strategy for an active heave compensation system consisting of an electro-hydraulic system driven by a double rod actuator,which is subjected to parametric uncertainties and unmeasured environmental disturbances.Adaptive observer and discontinuous projection type updating law with bounded adaption rate are presented firstly to estimate the uncertain system parameters.Then a similar estimation algorithm is designed by using a multiple delayed version of the system to enhance the performance of parameter observation.A reduced order observer is also introduced to estimate unknown wave disturbances.Using the obtained uncertainty information,the resulting control development and stability analysis are implemented based on the Lyapunov’s direct method and back-stepping technique.The proposed controller guarantees the heave compensation error convergent to a bounded neighborhood around the origin.Simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control system.     

地铁车辆电传动系统标准化产品平台研制

通过确定地铁车辆电传动系统平台的系统技术性能及系统主电路,探讨对主要器件和部件的平台化设计与选型,并最终确定简统化接口方案以及牵引变流器平台的总体结构与设计要点。最后通过仿真计算,对牵引变流器箱体进行静强度、振动模态和随机振动疲劳分析,结果证明试制的系列化牵引变流器结构强度以及铝合金型材满足设计要求。     

A dynamic model of an underwater quadruped walking robot using Kane’s method

In this paper, the kinematics and dynamics of an underwater quadruped walking robot were derived based on Kane dynamic equations. This methodology allows construction of the dynamic model simply and incrementally. The velocity and angular velocity components of an underwater quadruped walking robot were served as the generalized velocities. The forces which contribute to dynamics of an underwater quadruped walking robot were determined by Kane＇s approach. The equations of hydrodynamic forces of an underwater quadruped walking robot were deduced. Hydrodynamic coefficients were determined by experiments. The dynamic model was established by obtaining the generalized active forces and the generalized inertia forces. Numerical simulations of the walking behavior on underwater flat ground were implemented to verify the dynamic model of an underwater quadruped walking robot. Simulation results show that the dynamic model is correct.     

Simulation platform for the underwater snake-like robot swimming based on Kane’s dynamic model and central pattern generator

A systematic method for swimming control of the underwater snake-like robot is still lacking. We construct a simulation platform of the underwater snake-like robot swimming based on Kane＇s dynamic model and central pattern generator （CPG）. The partial velocity is deduced. The forces which contribute to dynamics are determined by Kane＇s approach. Hydrodynamic coefficients are determined by experiments. Then, we design a CPG-based control architecture implemented as the system of coupled nonlinear oscillators. The CPG, like its biological counterpart, can produce coordinated patterns of rhythmic activity while being modulated by simple control parameters. The relations between the CPG parameters and the speed of the underwater snake-like robot swimming are investigated. Swimming in a straight line, turning, and switching between swimming modes are implemented in our simulation platform to prove the feasibility of the proposed simulation platform. The results show that the simulation platform can imitate different swimming modes of the underwater snake-like robot.     

泵站出水池的抗浮设计

构筑物的抗浮设计非常重要。该文针对某泵站出水池抗浮不满足要求提出一种单向止水的方法,希望对类似工程有所参考。     

基于Kane动力学和通路矩阵的水下自重构机器人建模

文章推导出基于通路矩阵和Kane方法的水下自重构机器人的运动学和动力学方程。引入图论的知识解决水下自重构机器人的统一构形描述问题,提出采用通路矩阵描述水下自重构机器人的不同构形,结合Kane方法,建立了水下自重构机器人的运动学和动力学模型。以水下自重构机器人的典型构形(水下四足行走构形)为例,验证了该方法的有效性和可用性。