新《海安法》下集装箱检验和监管对策研究

介绍了新修订的《海上交通安全法》以及国际公约和其他国内法律法规对集装箱检验和监管的要求,分析了外贸和内贸集装箱检验现状以及监管方面存在的问题,提出了相关对策和建议。     

Maritime security guidelines: a study of Swedish ports’ perceived barriers to compliance

ABSTRACT

Due to the constant risk of piracy and terrorist attacks which cause disturbances within international shipping of goods, barriers to the adoption of maritime security guidelines (MSGs) at European ports have become prevalent. In this paper, a conceptual framework was created to explore the perceived barriers that prevent compliance with MSGs. To verify the conceptual framework, empirical data were collected using a mixed-methods approach, which was comprised of interviews with national experts and a survey of 47% of Swedish ports involved in the shipping of goods. According to the presented framework, the perceived barriers of Swedish ports to compliance with MSGs were linked to collaborations within the Swedish Maritime Security stakeholder network, available resources and educational knowledge about security culture. In addition, the perceived barriers of smaller ports were linked to the adaptation to MSGs at different levels and the absence of specific tools of maritime security management. Due to an increased interest in international shipping of goods, this paper is currently one of few that addresses the barriers to compliance with MSGs. Moreover, the paper presents a general conceptual framework, novel managerial implications and recommendations for future research.     

网络数据融合技术在MITS中的应用研究

探讨了基于传感器网络的数据融合技术在海事智能交通系统(MITS)中的应用问题,为该领域的进一步研究提供一些有价值的思路和见解。基于目前研究遇到的困境,提出将MITS抽象成一个无线传感器网络(WSN),从而可在WSN环境下引入数据融合技术来研究海事智能交通系统中的各种信息处理问题,如船舶的定位与导航以及避碰等;紧接着,总结了现有定位、导航、避碰和船舶安全管理技术研究的现状并分析了存在的主要问题;针对基于GPS的MITS存在的种种弊端,结合各国卫星定位导航系统的建设现状,提出利用MITS内其它元素的信息和多源信息融合技术来实现船舶的相对定位和导航这一新思路;最后,从网络数据融合技术角度出发,具体指出了MITS网络融合系统构建时所必须考虑的一些基本问题,并给出该融合系统的一般性框架。     

关于海事人为因素的层次分析法

航海是一项有风险性的行业,船只在航行中遭遇自然灾害和意外事故导致人身和财产损失的情况是比较常见的。一直以来航运界都在企图找到发生海上事故的原因以减少损失、降低风险,在气候、环境、船舶结构、设备诸方面都做了研究,却收效甚微。其实再先进的船舶也得由人来操纵,人的素质高低对船舶航行的安全有着主要的影响。本文将探讨用层次分析法对导致海事发生的人为因素进行分析。     

航海类学生英语口语教学改革探索

文章在认真分析现有英语教学存在问题的基础上,针对航海专业学生的特点,设计出了独特的航海类学生英语口语教学新方法。     

沉船打捞是海事执法中的热点与难点

结合工作实际详细解读沉船打捞工作中的疑难问题,并提出合理建议。     

Risk assessment framework for exposure of cargo and ports to natural hazards and climate extremes

There is an increase in risks and catastrophic losses in maritime transport including ports and cargo. Significant losses have been associated with large scale natural hazards, such as earthquakes, tsunami, cyclones, and other extreme weather events. This paper identifies the main gaps in understanding maritime risks in transportation research. The gaps are attributed to insufficient empirical work available from the maritime transport and logistics research community to guide multi-risk and natural hazards impact assessment on seaport and cargo. In addition, disaster studies communities have barely made adequate efforts to understand and assess port and cargo risks arising from multi-hazards and disaster events. This paper examines existing conceptual frameworks concerning exposure and risk assessments of natural catastrophe’s impacts. Furthermore, the paper identifies trends and gaps in risk assessment frameworks in the field of disaster studies that can be beneficial for maritime risk research. The authors propose a new risk assessment framework that can guide future research and multi-hazard risk assessment processes at different scales of maritime risks.     

Optimal planning of liquefied natural gas deliveries

We investigate the problem of designing an optimal annual delivery plan for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). This problem requires determining the long-term cargo delivery dates and the assignment of vessels to the cargoes while accommodating several constraints, including berth availability, liquefaction terminal inventory, planned maintenance, and bunkering requirements. We describe a novel mixed-integer programming formulation that captures important industry requirements and constraints with the objective of minimizing the vessel fleet size. A peculiar property of the proposed formulation is that it includes a polynomial number of variables and constraints and is, in our experience, computationally tractable for large problem instances using a commercial solver. Extensive computational runs demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed model for real instances provided by a major energy company that involve up to 118 cargoes and a 373-day planning horizon.     

马达加斯加武海马尔墓地的发掘与研究

马达加斯加武海马尔墓群有近六百座墓,其墓葬形制与同时期东非地区阿拉伯穆斯林的墓葬形制有着明显的不同,有些墓葬与中国穆斯林的墓葬形制有较多相似之处。部分墓葬中出土了大量元、明时期的瓷器和其他随葬品,反映出武海马尔墓群主人可能是元、明时期来自中国东南沿海地区或东南亚的色目、回回商人,以及附属于他们的汉人、马来人或武海马尔当地土著,如他们的妻妾、子女、随从、伙计等,其中有些是受雇于穆斯林商人的汉人或者受穆斯林影响的汉人,因此,其葬俗保留了一些中国传统丧葬礼仪的痕迹。     

The desulphurisation of shipping: Past,present and the future under a global cap

As from January 2020, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is implementing a global 0.5% limit on the sulphur content of fuel, commonly known as the global sulphur cap. This limit is the latest policy in the efforts to reduce sulphur emissions from shipping, following the designation of emission control areas (ECAs) and other regional regulations. In this paper, a literature review is conducted of academic studies that have dealt with issues relating to the reduction of maritime sulphur emissions. Various recurring research themes are identified, spanning the areas of operations research, maritime economics and transport policy. The effects and implications of available compliance options are then analyzed from the perspectives of ship operators, shippers and consumers. Using lessons learned from the enforcement of ECA regulations, this is followed by an appraisal of various potential issues related to the enforcement of these new global regulations. It is found that a homogeneous enforcement regime is required to ensure a level playing field amongst ship operators and that the global sulphur cap may lead to serious market distortion, due to the potential short term rise of fuel prices. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations for future research on sulphur emissions from shipping in the aftermath of the global cap and, looking forward, to its relationship to the IMO strategy on the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) shipping emissions.