航班快速恢复建模与仿真研究

随着民用航空的发展与竞争,航班延误不仅影响航空飞行的安全与正常,更与航空公司的运营效率、运营成本及乘客利益息息相关。针对某一恶劣天气影响,对某公司受影响航班进行重新调配,考虑到航班的备降、盘旋等待、延误、取消等多种状态,以总成本最小为目标函数,建立航班快速恢复模型,通过MATLAB运用遗传算法设计航班恢复算法进行求解,得出最经济的航班恢复方案。     

云南省民航客运发展预测

民航运输是云南省在进行综合交通运输建设的重点之一,也是该省在未来"十四五"(2021-2025年)和"十五五"(2026-2030年)规划期间的研究热点。本文以云南省为研究范围,以省内民航客运为研究对象,选取省内主要的社会经济因素为影响因子,运用主成分分析法(PCA)、反向传播神经网络算法(BP神经网络算法)和回归分析法,构建了省内民航客运的预测模型,得出省内各主要机场在"十四五"末和"十五五"末的预计旅客吞吐量,对省政府在进行机场改扩建上有一定的指导意义。     

Integrated models of land use and transportation for the autonomous vehicle revolution

ABSTRACT

The advent of the autonomous vehicle (AV) will affect not only the transportation system, but also future patterns of land development. Integrated land use and transportation models will be critical tools in assessing the path forward with this technology. Key questions with respect to land use impacts of AVs arise from potential changes in sensitivity to travel and reduced demand for parking. It is an open question whether AVs will induce urban sprawl, or whether spatial economies of agglomeration will mitigate any reductions in travel time sensitivity. The deployment of shared fleets of AVs would likely reduce parking demand, producing yet to be explored impacts on property development within existing urban footprints. We perform a critical assessment of currently operational models and their ability to represent the adoption of AVs. We identify the representation of time in such models as a vital component requiring additional development to model this new technology. Existing model applications have focused on the discrete addition of new infrastructure or policy at a fixed point in time, whereas AV adoption will occur incrementally through time. Stated adaptation surveys are recommended as tools to quantify preferences and develop relevant model inputs. It is argued that existing models that assume comparatively static equilibrium have been convenient in the past, but are insufficient to model technology adoption. In contrast, dynamic model frameworks lack sufficient structure to maintain reasonability under large perturbations from base conditions. The ongoing advancement of computing has allowed models to move away from being mechanistic aggregate tools, towards behaviourally rich depictions of individual persons and firms. However, much work remains to move from projections of existing conditions into the future, to the evolution of the spatial economy as it evolves through time in response to new technologies and exogenous stresses. Principles from complex and evolutionary systems theory will be important in the development of models with the capacity to consider such dynamics.     

Critical review of handling diagram and understeer gradient for vehicles with locked differential

The steady-state cornering behaviour of rear-wheel drive vehicles fitted with locked differential is critically analysed by means of simple, albeit carefully formulated, vehicle models, which allow for a rigorous theoretical analysis. Results obtained for some classical manoeuvres, with either constant forward speed, steer angle or turning radius, clearly show that, in the case of locked differential, the vehicle cornering behaviour is strongly affected by the manoeuvre. As an important consequence, the handling diagram is not unique and the understeer gradient is no longer dependent only upon the lateral acceleration, as in vehicles equipped with an open differential. Accordingly, this study shows that some typical tools and concepts of vehicle dynamics are indeed inadequate in the case of locked differential.     

利用残余力概念进行结构损伤识别

提出一种利用残余力进行结构损伤识别方法。用刚度损伤系数将有限元模型参数化来描述结构的损伤。用特征值和特征向量预测算法构造目标函数,利用两点交叉算子的二进制代码的遗传算法反复迭代优化刚度损伤系数,获得待测结构的损伤系数、损伤位置与损伤程度的信息。通过一个平面桁架对该方法进行验证,结果表明:利用残余力概念进行损伤识别所得结构的损伤系数与理论值很接近。该方法能够较准确地判断结构的损伤位置和损伤程度。     

遗传算法在船舶动力机械混合隔振系统优化设计中的应用

阐明了混合隔振问题的实质就是综合被动隔振系统和主动控制系统的多目标联合优化设计.运用子结构导纳综合法分析了应用混合隔振技术的双层隔振系统的功率流传递特性.采用遗传算法对混合隔振系统进行了优化设计,并作了数值仿真.     

基于混沌优化的电力无源滤波器参数设计

针对目前电网谐波治理,考虑到无源滤渡器设计的现状,以及现有优化设计方法中假设条件较多、寻优能力不强等问题,提出了一种无源滤波器的多目标优化设计方法.利用混沌算法,将无源滤波器的初期投资、无功功率补偿、滤波后电网谐波含量作为目标,进行无源滤波器的参数优化设计.实践证明,该方法设计的无源滤波器具有较好的综合性能.     

GPS动态定位中自适应卡尔曼滤波模型的建立及其算法研究

采用描述机动载体运动的“当前”统计模型，建立了一种新的ＧＰＳ动态定位自适应卡尔曼滤波模型。为了进一步提高滤波器的动态性能，提出一种改进的自适应滤波算法，大大提高了ＧＰＳ动态定位卡尔曼滤波器的跟踪能力，改善了滤波效果。计算机仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

A second order volume of fluid （VOF） scheme for numerical simulation of 2-D breaking waves

Among all environmental forces acting on ocean structures and marine vessels, those resulting from wave impacts are likely to yield the highest loads. Being highly nonlinear, transient and complex, a theoretical analysis of their impact would be impossible without numerical simulations. In this paper, a pressure-split two-stage numerical algorithm is proposed based on Volume Of Fluid (VOF) methodology. The algorithm is characterized by introduction of two pressures at each half and full cycle time step, and thus it is a second-order accurate algorithm in time. A simplified second-order Godunov-type solver is used for the continuity equations. The method is applied to simulation of breaking waves in a 2-D water tank, and a qualitative comparison with experimental photo observations is made. Quite consistent results are observed between simulations and experiments. Commercially available software and Boundary Integral Method (BIM) have also been used to simulate the same problem. The results from present code and BIM are in good agreement with respect to breaking location and timing, while the results obtained from the commercial software which is only first-order accurate in time has clearly showed a temporal and spatial lag, verifying the need to use a higher order numerical scheme.     

钢管混凝土系杆拱桥拱脚滑移事故案例分析

该文针对上海市某钢管混凝土拱桥在施工中发生拱脚滑移事故,以实际工况计算为依据分析其直接和深层原因,并提出改进措施和建议。