基于线性叠加的智能船舶经济性评估模型构建

经济性是智能船舶能否实现推广应用的关键,目前国内外有关智能船舶经济性分析的研究较少。本文通过对传统船舶经济性分析方法进行修正优化,提出智能船舶经济性分析计算模型,并根据理论推导结果,得出智能船舶经济性分析的线性叠加简化模型,并利用40万吨级VLOC实际运营数据进行科学性检验。本文提出的模型与方法适用于各类智能模块加装情况下的经济性核算,为相关单位开展智能船舶经济性快速分析提供了理论支持和解决方案。     

Widening the Panama Canal and U.S. ports: historical and economic impact analyses

ABSTRACT

The economic history of the U.S. illustrates how the role of many cities has been changed by being seaports or located on navigable rivers or lakes. Based on the widening of the Panama Canal in 2016, the West Coast ports that include the west coast seaports of California, Oregon, and Washington were expected to become less important, while the freight shares of the East Coast and Gulf ports would increase. By how much it has been not easy to measure or predict so far, but this study attempted to define some of the key parameters in the measurement. As well as several relevant background topics, both the demand- and supply-side versions of the National Interstate Economic Model, have been applied for the measurement of economic impacts. U.S. port authorities and policy makers at the local and national levels who respond and develop plans for coping with the new realities of the Panama Canal are able to understand the extent to which changes in shippers’ and land-mode transporters’ behaviors would undermine the logistics and the costs of their activities. Therefore, this study is important for a diverse spectrum of port development strategies in the U.S. to respond to the Canal expansion.     

Integrated models of land use and transportation for the autonomous vehicle revolution

ABSTRACT

The advent of the autonomous vehicle (AV) will affect not only the transportation system, but also future patterns of land development. Integrated land use and transportation models will be critical tools in assessing the path forward with this technology. Key questions with respect to land use impacts of AVs arise from potential changes in sensitivity to travel and reduced demand for parking. It is an open question whether AVs will induce urban sprawl, or whether spatial economies of agglomeration will mitigate any reductions in travel time sensitivity. The deployment of shared fleets of AVs would likely reduce parking demand, producing yet to be explored impacts on property development within existing urban footprints. We perform a critical assessment of currently operational models and their ability to represent the adoption of AVs. We identify the representation of time in such models as a vital component requiring additional development to model this new technology. Existing model applications have focused on the discrete addition of new infrastructure or policy at a fixed point in time, whereas AV adoption will occur incrementally through time. Stated adaptation surveys are recommended as tools to quantify preferences and develop relevant model inputs. It is argued that existing models that assume comparatively static equilibrium have been convenient in the past, but are insufficient to model technology adoption. In contrast, dynamic model frameworks lack sufficient structure to maintain reasonability under large perturbations from base conditions. The ongoing advancement of computing has allowed models to move away from being mechanistic aggregate tools, towards behaviourally rich depictions of individual persons and firms. However, much work remains to move from projections of existing conditions into the future, to the evolution of the spatial economy as it evolves through time in response to new technologies and exogenous stresses. Principles from complex and evolutionary systems theory will be important in the development of models with the capacity to consider such dynamics.     

造船经济论证方法的探讨

船舶经济分析是船舶技术经济论证的主要环节之一,但传统的造船经济论证方法存在着一定的缺陷。为此,充分考虑各个因素的不确定性,考虑经营的风险性,对传统的造船经济论证方法加以综合改进,形成新的造船论证方法——计算机模拟方法。与传统方法相比,计算机模拟的方法在最终结果的处理上更有现实意义。     

从温州经济模式学到的经验

叙述了温州经济模式的发展 ,并总结了温州模式的思想精髓     

高速铁路无砟轨道路基质量控制指标研究

研究目的：高速铁路无砟轨道对路基的耐久性和刚度提出了更高的要求，为确保质量控制，中德都建立了一套相应的质量控制标准，这两种标准之间既有联系也有区别，开展中德路基质量控制指标对应关系的研究，可以借鉴国外比较成熟的经验，尽快完善适合中国国情的路基质量控制标准。研究方法：首先从理论上对中德高速铁路无砟轨道路基填筑质量控制标准的指标进行了对比和分析，指出了2种标准之间的联系以及不同之处；再结合路基填筑实例，分别采用中德两种规范进行相关试验，建立了该试验条件下的中德规范指标之间的对应关系。研究结果：中国标准中用统一的孔隙率值来控制中、粗粒土的压实质量有待进一步研究。研究结论：对具体的填料，应通过相应的击实试验确定与密实度控制指标对应的孔隙率值；采用Ev2／Ev1比值可用于间接验证填料达到的密实度；如和Ev1之间存在良好的相关关系。     

带孔沉箱结构类型与经济效益分析

通过大连华能电厂的循环水取水口工程实例,对不同的大型带孔沉箱结构进行了结构和经济效益的分析比较,以期推广受力性能较好、施工方便可行、经济效益较好的新型沉箱结构。     

斩控式交流调压技术研究

交流斩波控制调压技术是一种新型的高性能的交流调压技术,在中小交流调压领域获得广泛应用．该文通过对现有文献上出现的此类电路拓扑进行了比较分析,指出了它们各自优缺点、适用场合以及该技术发展方向,并做了相关仿真．     

铁路传统转向架和具有轴间连接转向架的蛇行稳定性比较

将传统2轴转向架与具有轴间连接轮对导向系统的转向架进行比较,表明自重轻的轴间连接轮对导向系统,能使转向架具有较好的蛇行稳定性和曲线通过性能,从而降低了轮轨间的横向力,并减小轮轨磨耗。     

水荷载预压和砂袋预压在现浇箱梁高支架预压中的应用

本文介绍了水荷载预压和砂袋预压在天(津)汕(尾)国家重点高速公路梅州西环高速跨G206国道高架桥施工中的应用,以及相应的基础处理方法和实验成果,并对预压效果进行了比较和总结。