金山大桥局部拆除后续运营期性能和实测分析

挠度是连续刚构桥悬臂施工控制的重要对象，其实测值受多个因素影响，从实测挠度中获悉反应结构受力的真实挠度，对其施工控制具有重要意义。本文基于改进的自适应卡尔曼滤波算法从挠度实测值中提取出真实信号，预测待浇梁段的挠度变化，并调整施工预拱度，使施工实际状态逼近理论计算轨迹，达到施工监控的目的。通过实际工程的应用证明该方法具有良好的适用性。     

Experimental field study of floater motion effects on a main bearing in a full-scale spar floating wind turbine

In this paper we present a full-scale experimental field study of the effects of floater motion on a main bearing in a 6 MW turbine on a spar-type floating substructure. Floating wind turbines are necessary to access the full offshore wind power potential, but the characteristics of their operation leave a gap with respect to the rapidly developing empirical knowledge on operation of bottom-fixed turbines. Larger wind turbines are one of the most important contributions to reducing cost of energy, but challenge established drivetrain layouts, component size envelopes and analysis methods. We have used fibre optic strain sensor arrays to measure circumferential strain in the stationary ring in a main bearing. Strain data have been analysed in the time domain and the frequency domain and compared with data on environmental loads, floating turbine motion and turbine operation. The results show that the contribution to fluctuating strain from in-plane bending strain is two orders of magnitude larger than that from membrane strain. The fluctuating in-plane bending strain is the result of cyclic differences between blade bending moments, both in and out of the rotor plane, and is driven by wind loads and turbine rotation. The fluctuating membrane strain appears to be the result of both axial load from thrust, because of the bearing and roller geometry, and radial loads on the rotating bearing ring from total out-of-plane bending moments in the three blades. The membrane strain shows a contribution from slow-varying wind forces and floating turbine pitch motion. However, as the total fluctuating strain is dominated by the intrinsic effects of blade bending moments in these turbines, the relative effect of floater motion is very small. Mostly relevant for the intrinsic membrane strain, sum and difference frequencies appear in the measured responses as the result of nonlinear system behaviour. This is an important result with respect to turbine modelling and simulation, where global structural analyses and local drivetrain analyses are frequently decoupled.     

沥青路面弯沉指标的探讨

弯沉是我国沥青路面设计和施工质量控制中通常使用的一个技术指标。近些年来,随着我国沥青路面结构形式的变化,以及美国MEPDG设计方法的影响,国内学术界对弯沉指标产生了不同的看法。为此,从路面结构承载能力角度出发,对弯沉指标的力学含义、工程意义以及设计价值等问题进行探讨,同时,结合我国半刚性基层沥青路面使用状况,分析了弯沉指标对路面使用性能评价的作用,并初步探讨了半刚性基层沥青路面结构的耐久性问题。最终指出,完善弯沉设计指标是完善沥青路面力学经验设计方法的有效途径。     

四跨一联预应力混凝土连续宽箱梁空间分析

结合上海市中环线虹梅路立交工程对主线四跨一联预应力混凝土连续宽箱梁进行空间分析,得到结构在荷载作用下的剪力滞效应分布规律、截面实际中性轴与平截面假定中性轴的比较、偏载下支座反力的分布规律、挑臂横向挠度、偏载下的偏载系数以及增设跨中横隔板与否对结构受力状态的影响等结论。     

某载货车转向盘偏转问题分析与改进

通过对悬架与转向拉杆的跳动干涉分析,解决了某载货车在装载过程中出现的转向盘偏离中间位置的转动问题,最后结合转向盘自由转角,给出了悬架与转向拉杆跳动干涉值要求。     

基于高次最小二乘原理的连续刚构桥挠曲线拟合分析

为充分利用连续刚构桥桥梁健康监测系统中有限数量位移传感器,提出一种基于高次最小二乘原理的数值拟合方法,用有限测点信息有效拟合全桥的挠曲线方程。以某连续刚构桥为实际算例,全桥挠曲线拟合分析结果表明:该方法拟合连续刚构桥挠曲线方法简单、思路清晰,有利于工程实践;在边跨和中跨的拟合值与实测值的最大相对误差均小于5%,用高次最小二乘原理拟合连续刚构桥挠曲线具有足够精度。     

土基压应变敏感性分析

路表弯沉并不能完全反映土基顶面压应变,在路面结构设计中必需要重视土基顶面压应变的状态。鉴于此,采用典型路面结构,分析各结构层参数的变化对土基顶面压应变和土基内部压应变的影响,以为沥青路面结构设计提供参考。     

广州地铁天河站水平冻结施工数值分析

结合国内外水平冻结规模最大的广州地铁天河客运站折返线隧道冻结施工,采用数值仿真对冻结壁的温度场分布进行分析得出:冻结壁的交圈时间为17.5天,形成平均温度-10℃的冻结壁所需的时间为86.7天,形成平均温度-8℃的冻结壁所需的时间为68.3天;冻结壁主面冰峰面的扩展速度拱部冻结比仰拱快。文中还首次研究了冻结管偏斜对冻结温度场的影响:冻结壁冰峰面的扩展速度有所降低,交圈时间和达到设计温度的时间有所延长。     

初始载荷对悬臂梁变形影响的解析解

给出了初始载荷对悬臂梁挠度影响的闭合解.引入了初始载荷影响系数,讨论了初始载荷的大小、梁的惯性矩、跨度诸因素对初始载荷影响系数的影响.结果表明:初始载荷的存在会使悬臂梁在后续载荷作用下的挠度减小,其程度与初始载荷的大小及梁的刚度有关.初始载荷的这种非线性影响,应该在轻柔结构的设计中予以考虑.     

路面检测存在的问题及相关的新技术

针对路面平整度、弯沉、厚度、抗滑性能和压实度检测技术中存在的问题和缺陷,全面系统地指出传统检测方法中的不足,分析比较路面传统检测方法与现代检测新技术的差异和相关性,介绍自动检测新设备和新方法,可为公路工程建设者提供指导和参考。