GLUTAMATE－IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURONS IN MEDULLARY RAPHE－CEREBELLUM PATHWAY IN THE KITTEN

ＧＬＵＴＡＭＡＴＥ－ＩＭＭＵＮＯＲＥＡＣＴＩＶＥＮＥＵＲＯＮＳＩＮＭＥＤＵＬＬＡＲＹＲＡＰＨＥ－ＣＥＲＥＢＥＬＬＵＭＰＡＴＨＷＡＹＩＮＴＨＥＫＩＴＴＥＮ（江赛男），（刘荣桓）ＪｉａｎｇＳａｉｎａｎ；,ＳｉｍｏｎＪ．Ｆｕｎｇ；ＬｉｕＲｏｎｇｈｕａｎ；，...     

谷氨酸介导的大脑皮层神经细胞凋亡

目的　观察相对低浓度谷氨酸 (Glutamate ,Glu)对培养皮层神经细胞的兴奋毒性作用。方法　以 30 μmol/L处理培养第 7天神经细胞 30min ,应用吖啶橙染色荧光显微镜观察及流式细胞仪定量分析法 ,分别观察Glu作用后细胞凋亡形态特征及不同时间点 ( 6h ,1 2h ,1 8h ,2 4h)凋亡细胞所占比例。结果　Glu作用后 6h即有凋亡细胞的出现 ,1 2h后渐增多 ,以 1 8h达到高峰 ,为 1 2 %。结论　相对低浓度Glu可诱导大脑皮层神经细胞凋亡。     

味精废水处理工艺研究

首先分析、列出味精废水的主要成分,简述国内外处理这类废水的方法和技术。作者重点介绍其对高浓度味精废水和低浓度的味精厂混合排放污水处理所作的研究和试验：对高浓度味精废水采用混凝法,对低浓度的混合污水采用ＳＢＲ法（序批法）。试验结果表明,排放水水质达到国家规定的标准,本项研究试验成果可应用到工程实际中去。     

EXPRESSION OF BAX AND BCL-2 IN MOUSE OFFSPRING BRAIN AFTER MATERNAL ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE

Ｇｌｕｔａｍａｔｅｅｘｃｉｔｏｔｏｘｉｃｉｔｙｐｌａｙｓａｋｅｙｒｏｌｅｉｎｔｈｅｉｎｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｎｅｕｒｏｎａｌｃｅｌｌｄｅａｔｈｏｃｃｕｒｒｉｎｇｉｎｍａｎｙｎｅｕｒｏｐａｔｈｉｅｓ.Ｂａｘ ,ａｐｒｏ ａｐｏｐｔｏｔｉｃｇｅｎｅｏｆｔｈｅＢｃｌ 2ｆａｍｉｌｙ ,ｈａｓｂｅｅｎｓｈｏｗｎｔｏｂｅｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｄｉｎｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔａｌｎｅｕｒｏｎａｌｄｅａｔｈ .Ｎｅｕｒｏｎａｌｄｅａｔｈｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｅｘｃｉｔｏｔｏｘｉｃｄａｍａｇｅｈａｓｂｅｅｎｔｈｏｕｇｈｔｔｏｒｅｆｌｅｃｔｎ…     

Glutamate enhances the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in cultured SD rat astrocytes

Objective To study the effect of glutamate on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein in cultured rat astrocytes. Methods Cultured rat astrocytes were randomly divided into 6 groups: control group (C), glutamate group (G), QA group (Q), DCG-IV group (D), L-AP4 group (L) and glutanmte-FMCPG gronp (G+M). Cells were cultured under nomoxic condition (95% air, 5% CO2). RT-PCR and ELISA methods were used to detect the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein in cultured astrocytes, respectively. G+ M group was preincubated with lmM MCPG for 30 min prior to the stimulation with glutamate. There were 7 time points at 0,4,8,12,16,24 and 48 h in each group except G+M group. Results The expression of VEGF mRNA and protein did not differ significantly among D group, L group and C group. Different from that in C group, the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein could be enhanced both in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner in G group and Q group. Meanwhile, the enhanced expression of VEGF mRNA and protein in G group was completely suppressed by MCPG after 24 h. Conclusion Glutamate can increase the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein in cultured astrocytes, which may be due to the activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors in astrocytes.     

谷氨酸受体-6在海人藻酸致痫大鼠发病机制中的作用

目的 研究谷氨酸受体-6(GluR6)在癫痫发病中的分子机制.方法 采用海人藻酸(KA)腹腔注射SD大鼠,用免疫沉淀、免疫印迹的方法检测在KA注射后不同时间点海马CA3区GluR6·PSD95·MLK3信号模块的组装.同时使用免疫组化和免疫印迹的方法观察小肽Tat-GluR6-9c对MLK3磷酸化水平的影响.结果 KA诱导了大鼠海马CA3区GluR6·PSD95·MLK3信号模块的组装,在KA刺激6h和12h达到结合高峰,1d后开始降低;而Tat-GluR6-9c抑制了KA注射6h MLK3的激活(P<0.05).结论 KA受体GluR6通过GluR6·PSD95·MLK3信号模块,激活了MLK3,参与了KA诱导的脑损伤.     

THE NEURONS DOUBLE-LABELLED BY SEROTONIN AND GLUTAMATE-IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN

ＴＨＥＮＥＵＲＯＮＳＤＯＵＢＬＥ－ＬＡＢＥＬＬＥＤＢＹＳＥＲＯＴＯＮＩＮＡＮＤＧＬＵＴＡＭＡＴＥ－ＩＭＭＵＮＯＲＥＡＣＴＩＶＩＴＹＩＮＭＥＤＵＬＬＡＲＹＲＡＰＨＥＮＵＣＬＥＩＰＲＯＪＥＣＴＩＮＧＴＯＴＨＥＣＥＲＥＢＥＬＬＡＲＣＯＲＴＥＸＯＦＴＨＥＫＩ...     

大鼠弥漫性轴索损伤后氧化应激对谷氨酸兴奋性毒性的影响及其机制

目的探讨大鼠弥漫性轴索损伤(diffuse axonal injury,DAI)后脑内氧化应激对谷氨酸兴奋性毒性的影响及其作用机制。方法采用大鼠头部瞬间旋转损伤装置制备DAI模型,通过促氧化剂SIN-1及抗氧化剂GSH干预控制DAI大鼠脑内氧化应激水平,对大鼠进行神经功能缺损评分(modified neurological severity scores,mNSS),检测脑干组织内超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活力、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量和谷氨酸(glutamate,Glu)含量,Western blot法测定谷氨酸转运体-1(glutamate transporter-1,GLT-1)的表达水平。结果损伤组在6、24、72h的mNSS评分值均高于假损伤组(P<0.05)。与假损伤组相比,损伤组大鼠在各时间点脑干SOD活力均降低,MDA含量均升高(P<0.05);与DAI+NS组相比,DAI+SIN-1组24h及72hSOD活力均降低、MDA含量均升高(P<0.05),而DAI+GSH组变化相反(P<0.05)。与假损伤组相比,损伤组在各时间点脑干细胞内Glu含量均有所降低(P<0.05);与DAI+NS组相比,DAI+SIN-1组在各时间点细胞内Glu含量明显降低(P<0.05),DAI+GSH组在24h细胞内Glu含量有所升高(P<0.05)。DAI后24h及72h损伤组GLT-1表达水平较假损伤组均降低(P<0.05),同时DAI+SIN-1组GLT-1表达水平均低于DAI+NS组(P<0.05),而DAI+GSH组在72h时GLT-1表达高于DAI+NS组(P<0.05)。结论大鼠DAI后脑内氧化应激可降低神经细胞膜GLT-1的表达水平,抑制Glu的回摄取,从而加重细胞外Glu堆积,增强谷氨酸兴奋性毒性作用。     

EFFECT OF MELATONIN AGAINST GLUTAMATE-INDUCED EXCITOTOXICITY ON CULTURED CEREBRAL CORTICAL NEURONS

Melatonin(MT) is a kind of very importantpineal hormone.Besides its sedative,hypnotic andanalgetic effects,in recent years,many researchershave suggested that it may be used in the treat-ment of many acute and chronic central nervoussystem diseases,for example,brain trauma,epilepsy,Alzheimer s disease,and so on[1～ 3 ] .　However,its mechanism of resisting diseases isstill unclear.In the present research,an isolatedpattern of excitotoxic neuron injury was induced byglutamate.On the basis of …