基于线性叠加的智能船舶经济性评估模型构建

经济性是智能船舶能否实现推广应用的关键,目前国内外有关智能船舶经济性分析的研究较少。本文通过对传统船舶经济性分析方法进行修正优化,提出智能船舶经济性分析计算模型,并根据理论推导结果,得出智能船舶经济性分析的线性叠加简化模型,并利用40万吨级VLOC实际运营数据进行科学性检验。本文提出的模型与方法适用于各类智能模块加装情况下的经济性核算,为相关单位开展智能船舶经济性快速分析提供了理论支持和解决方案。     

弹性垫形式的水下弹性体发射动力学分析

弹性垫会对水下运载器发射动力学产生影响,文章针对弹性垫形式,利用Lagrange方程推导了新型适配关系下的发射动力学方程,同时考虑了运载器的刚体运动、弹性变形、弹性垫变形与接触对发射过程的影响。利用文中的方法,建立了水下运载器发射动力学模型,对发射过程的载荷进行了求解,研究了弹性垫数量、刚度、位置等参数对运载器弹性振动的影响。结果表明文中方法是有效的,可用于水下运载器发射动力学分析。     

基于动态粘弹力学的沥青胶浆高温性能试验研究

通过对粉煤灰、矿粉、消石灰、水泥4种矿物填料组成的沥青胶浆进行动态频率扫描试验和稳态流动试验,对4种不同矿物填料、不同粉胶比对沥青高温性能的影响进行了评价。研究表明:沥青胶浆的线粘弹范围小于沥青的线粘弹性范围;掺加4种矿物填料的沥青胶浆在代表胶浆的低温状态的高频区域内复合模量的增长趋向一致,在代表胶浆的高温状态的低频区域复合模量的差别变大;相同粉胶比下消石灰对沥青的高温性能提高最显著,其他依次为粉煤灰、水泥、矿粉,但后三者对沥青的影响差别不大;粉胶比的增加与复合模量、粘度的增加并不成正比例。     

车辆-轨道耦合动力学钢轨模型求解方法

应用车辆-轨道非线性耦合动力学模型,分析了采用解析方法的模态叠加法、有限元法的模态叠加法和有限元法的直接积分法求解车辆-轨道耦合动力学钢轨模型的计算精度与计算效率.选取Bernoulli-Euler梁或Rayleigh-Timoshenko梁模拟钢轨,采用不同类型单元离散钢轨模型,并利用显式积分方法求解车辆-轨道耦合动...     

多源激励水下复杂壳体结构振动与辐射声场试验研究

设计了一个接近实际情况的多舱段复杂壳体模型,安装小型机械设备,分别进行了单台设备激励与多台设备同时激励的水下复杂壳体振动与声辐射试验;试验结果表明,多源激励下水中复杂壳体的结构响应、辐射声场近似为单源激励下结构响应、辐射声场的非相干叠加.然后从结构声辐射理论上推导了激励源与结构响应、辐射声场之间的传递关系,并以两个源激励为例分析了非相干叠加引起的误差,从而解释了多源激励下结构响应、辐射声场近似为单源激励下结构响应、辐射声场非相干叠加的合理性.这些研究表明,非相干叠加方法可推广应用于水下复杂壳体在多源激励情况下的振动与声场计算,对指导工程设计具有重要价值.     

隧道长度对瞬变压力的影响

与阻塞比和车速不同,隧道长度对瞬变压力的影响呈现出明显的非单调性。这是在高速铁路隧道设计中必须考虑的问题。根据现场实测资料,研究分析了压力波的传播、反射和叠加规律,提出了单线隧道相应于压力变化不同情况的"最不利隧道长度"的计算图表及公式。     

Design and validation of a slender guideway for Maglev vehicle by simulation and experiment

Normally, Maglev (magnetic levitation) vehicles run on elevated guideways. The elevated guideway must satisfy various load conditions of the vehicle, and has to be designed to ensure ride quality, while ensuring that the levitation stability of the vehicle is not affected by the deflection of the guideway. However, because the elevated guideways of Maglev vehicles in South Korea and other countries fabricated so far have been based on over-conservative design criteria, the size of the structures has increased. Further, from the cost perspective, they are unfavourable when compared with other light rail transits such as monorail, rubber wheel, and steel wheel automatic guided transit. Therefore, a slender guideway that does have an adverse effect on the levitation stability of the vehicle is required through optimisation of design criteria. In this study, to predict the effect of various design parameters of the guideway on the dynamic behaviour of the vehicle, simulations were carried out using a dynamics model similar to the actual vehicle and guideway, and a limiting value of deflection ratio of the slender guideway to ensure levitation control is proposed. A guideway that meets the requirement as per the proposed limit for deflection ratio was designed and fabricated, and through a driving test of the vehicle, the validity of the slender guideway was verified. From the results, it was confirmed that although some increase in airgap and cabin acceleration was observed with the proposed slender guideway when compared with the conventional guideway, there was no notable adverse effect on the levitation stability and ride quality of the vehicle. Therefore, it can be inferred that the results of this study will become the basis for establishing design criteria for slender guideways of Maglev vehicles in future.     

声辐射阻抗传感器元件设计与声阻抗测量实验研究

声辐射抗阻是声优化设计中的关键设计变量,但目前尚未有成熟商用传感器面市,各种测量方法皆处于实验室研究阶段,文中根据前期研究所得的用可测量——声压表达的声辐射阻抗计算公式,选择了实验中用以近似点声源腔的扬声器和测量结构表面及扬声器内声压的声压传感器．设计了声辐射阻抗传感器,选取了信号采集设备并搭建了实验系统,用该套测量系统测量了无限大障板上圆形活塞的声辐射阻抗,对比了无限大障板上圆形活塞自点表面声阻实验值和解析解,结果表明在1～3kHz频段实验值和解析解非常接近,通过进一步改进低频段的性能后,可使用该装置对复杂结构表面辐射声阻进行测量．     

高低塔斜拉桥抗震设计分析

高低塔斜拉桥由于结构不对称,使其受力特性也体现出不对称性,因此对此类桥梁的抗震分析显得尤为重要。文章以广西某特大桥为工程实例,建立空间有限元模型进行抗震分析,对设置阻尼器提高桥梁抗震性能提供了可靠的理论依据,并介绍了有限元分析的详细过程,可为今后同类桥梁的抗震设计提供参考。     

波导中带帽圆柱壳的声辐射快速预报(英文)

In order to predict acoustic radiation from a structure in waveguide, a method based on wave superposition is proposed, in which the free-space Green's function is used to match the strength of equivalent sources. In addition, in order to neglect the effect of sound reflection from boundaries, necessary treatment is conducted, which makes the method more efficient. Moreover, this method is combined with the sound propagation algorithms to predict the sound radiated from a cylindrical shell in waveguide. Numerical simulations show the effect of how reflections can be neglected if the distance between the structure and the boundary exceeds the maximum linear dimension of the structure. It also shows that the reflection from the bottom of the waveguide can be approximated by plane wave conditionally. The proposed method is more robust and efficient in computation, which can be used to predict the acoustic radiation in waveguide.