单体复合船型纵向运动幅频响应函数计算的两种粘性修正方法

对单体复合船型纵向运动幅频响应函数计算的两种修正方法进行了比较。分别采用横向流理论方法和RANS方程数值计算方法,计算了单体复合船型的水动力修正系数,应用STF法对舰船的纵向运动进行了预报,并将预报结果和模型试验值进行了比较分析。结果表明,两种方法都能在一定程度上反映组合附体的减摇效果,可用于单体复合船型的运动预报。其中,基于RANS方程数值计算方法预报精度较高,具有良好的工程应用价值。     

首升力体、首鳍/尾板与船体水动力相互干扰与匹配研究

升力体技术已被CFD、缩比模型试验和实船试验证实,在零航速与有航速情况下均可减小船舶在波浪中的运动响应,提高船舶耐波性。该文以数值计算为主要技术手段,结合模型试验验证,开展了首升力体、首鳍/尾板与船体水动力相互干扰与匹配研究。首先,采用自由船模拖曳的数值模拟方法,开展了基于快速性的首升力体与船体位置匹配研究,获得了首升力体在船体上的较佳位置;其次,对首升力体加装首鳍,分析了首升力体、首鳍组合与船体水动力相互干扰,获得了复合初步船型方案;再次,对复合初步船型方案加装尾板,讨论了首升力体、首鳍、尾板组合与船体水动力相互干扰,获得了复合优化船型方案;最后,对复合优化船型方案在规则波中的运动响应进行数值预报与对比分析,并预报不规则波中的减摇效果。文中的研究成果可为后续首升力体在单体船上的应用提供技术支撑。     

考虑粘性和航态影响的单体复合船型运动预报

理论与试验研究表明,单体复合船型可以大幅提升舰船耐波性但对其静水阻力影响不大.如何准确预报该船型的运动性能一直是人们关心的问题.文中采用STF法预报深V船型与深V单体复合船型的纵向运动,研究表明,由于传统切片法基于势流理论,无法反映出复合船型组合附体的粘性效应,因此预报结果与试验结果有很大偏差.文中提出采用考虑枯性的CFD软件Fluent计算带有组合附体部分船体剖面的水动力系数,采用RANS方法计算组合附体的升力系数,同时考虑高速时船体航行姿态的影响进行修正.结果表明文中采用的预报方法可以有效提高单体复合船型运动预报精度.     

高速复合水翼双体船的运动预报(英文)

基于2.5D理论,考虑粘性影响,预报了高速复合水翼双体船在规则波中的运动响应,并与试验结果进行了比较.在计算过程中,对复合水翼模型进行了简化,且计算了不同升力浮力比对运动的影响.结果反应出在计算高速双体船和水翼双体复合船型纵向运动性能时,水的粘性影响不可忽略,且计算表明计算值与试验值符合较好,文中提供的方法可提高这类高速水翼双体复合船型的运动预报精度.     

Mathematical modelling of response amplitude operator for roll motion of a floating body: Analysis in frequency domain with numerical validation

This paper investigates mathematical modelling of response amplitude operator （RAO） or transfer function using the frequency-based analysis for uncoupled roll motion of a floating body under the influence of small amplitude regular waves. The hydrodynamic coefficients are computed using strip theory formulation by integrating over the length of the floating body. Considering sinusoidal wave with frequency （ω ） varying between 0.3 rad/s and 1.2 rad/s acts on beam to the floating body for zero forward speed, analytical expressions of RAO in frequency domain is obtained. Using the normalization procedure and frequency based analysis, group based classifications are obtained and accordingly governing equations are formulated for each case. After applying the fourth order Runge-Kutta method numerical solutions are obtained and relative importance of the hydrodynamic coefficients is analyzed. To illustrate the roll amplitude effects numerical experiments have been carried out for a Panamax container ship under the action of sinusoidal wave with a fixed wave height. The effect of viscous damping on RAO is evaluated and the model is validated using convergence, consistency and stability analysis. This modelling approach could be useful to model floating body dynamics for higher degrees of freedom and to validate the result.     

Slow drift damping force acting on a horizontal cylinder

The hydrodynamic forces acting on a circular cylinder and a rectangular cylinder undergoing slow drift oscillation in regular waves were investigated experimentally and numerically. Forced oscillation tests with low frequency and large amplitude in regular waves and forced two-harmonic oscillation with combined low and high frequencies were carried out in the experimental study. In the numerical study a finite-difference method was used to simulate viscous flow around a two-dimensional oscillating cylinder. The results of experiments showed that a horizontal rectangular cylinder oscillating slowly in waves has much higher damping coefficients than one oscillating in two-harmonic mode, while the numerical study indicated that such differences in the damping coefficient arise partly from the different effects of one-direction harmonic flow and rotating flow on the vortex shedding caused by the slow drift oscillation.     

海洋浮式平台气隙的数值预报

以海洋浮式平台为研究对象,运用三维势流理论结合半经验Morison方程的方法计算了规则波下的水动力系数以及运动响应传递函数,并运用短期预报方法对平台气隙进行了分析。研究结果表明,其水动力性能与波浪频率密切相关,平台的气隙短期预报显示波浪在浮箱首尾部分负气隙严重,即有强烈的波浪砰击现象,平台结构设计时要充分考虑到该区域的波浪砰击载荷。     

横向规则波作用下的船舶倾覆

运用安全池理论研究了某近海干货船在横向规则波作用下的船舶倾覆问题.用阿当姆斯预估-校正法数值求解时域内单自由度非线性横摇方程.采用三维格林积分方程法计算水动力系数的频域特性.分析了非线性横摇方程中势流阻尼、非线性阻尼以及在横向规则波作用下波高和频率对安全池的影响.     

船舶在波浪中操纵运动仿真

本文研究了双浆双舵船在规则波中的回转运动，首先进行了约束模型试验，得到了操纵运动数学模型中的水动力系数，然后，进行了静水操纵运动数值仿真，并与自航模型试验结果进行了比较。最后，预报船舶在规则波中的回转运动，对一些影响回转运动的因素进行了讨论。     

4千吨级单体深V复合船型模型试验研究

对新研发的4千吨级深V单体复合船型模型在拖曳水池进行了静水阻力及耐波性试验.并将单体复合船型的试验结果与常规单体深V船型试验结果进行比较,分析减纵摇组合附体对复合船型静水阻力、航行浮态和耐波性的影响.试验结果表明由减纵摇组合附体构成的4千吨级单体深V复合船型的静水阻力与单体深V船型相比变化不大,而其纵向运动得到了有效的抑制,大幅改善了单体深V船型的耐波性能.研究结果表明,由新型减纵摇组合附体组成的单体复合船型向大吨级舰船推广应用是可行的.     

Motion response prediction by hybrid panel-stick models for a semi-submersible with bracings

A diffraction-radiation analysis is usually required when the hydrodynamic interactions between structural members occur in short waves. For bracings or small cylindrical members, which play important roles in the vicinity of the natural frequency of a floating platform, special care should be taken into account for the effect of viscous damping. Two hybrid panel-stick models are, therefore, developed, through the combination of the standard diffraction-radiation method and the Morison’s formulae, considering the effect of small members differently. The fluid velocity is obtained directly by the panel model. The viscous fluid force is calculated for individual members by the stick model. A semi-submersible type platform with a number of fine cylindrical structures, which is designed as a floating foundation for multiple wind turbines, is analyzed as a numerical example. The results show that viscous force has significant influence on the hydrodynamic behavior of the floating body and can successfully be considered by the proposed hybrid models.     

数值波浪水池及顶浪中船舶水动力计算

基于粘流理论建立了三维数值波浪水池,模拟了非线性波浪,并对规则波顶浪中前进的拘束船模的水动力进行了计算.数值模拟中,控制方程-RANS方程和连续性方程使用有限体积法离散,非线性自由面采用VOF方法处理;在入口边界模拟柔性造波板运动产生入射波,使用位于波浪水池尾部的人工阻尼区消波.给出了非线性规则波的模拟结果以及规则波顶浪中前进的拘束船模的水动力计算结果,并与理论解及DUT(Delfi University of Technology)的试验数据进行了比较,二者吻合良好.     

三维流体动力方法计算穿浪双体船的船体响应

穿浪双体船船型复杂,航速较高,要准确预报其波浪载荷比较困难,但同时对于结构设计而言又非常重要。基于线性势流理论,采用三维流体动力学方法在时域上计算了穿浪双体船的运动响应和波浪载荷,时域计算结果经过傅立叶变换,在频域上分析了其响应特征。通过与规则波中试验结果和数值计算结果进行比较分析,表明用该方法计算穿浪双体船的船体响应可以获得比较满意的结果,可应用于同类船舶的波浪载荷预报。     

Dynamic interaction of parallel moving ships in close proximity

Nowadays,there are many studies conducted in the field of marine hydrodynamics which focus on two vessels traveling and floating in sufficiently close proximity to experience significant interactions.The hydrodynamic behavior of parallel moving ships in waves is an interesting and important topic of late.A numerical investigation has been carried out for the prediction of wave exciting forces and motion responses of parallel moving ships in regular waves.The numerical solution was based on 3D distribution technique and using the linear wave theory to determine the exciting forces and ship＇s motion.The speed effects have been considered in the Green function for more realistic results.The numerical computations of wave exciting forces and motion responses were carried out for a Mariner and Series 60 for the purpose of discovering different Froude numbers and different separation distances in head sea conditions.Based on the numerical computations,it was revealed that the sway,roll and yaw have a significant effect due to hydrodynamic interaction.     

被动翼复合船型航行性能模型试验研究

针对被动翼复合船型,采用模型试验方法,开展阻力和耐波性模型试验,分析一对首水翼和一型 T型翼对阻力和垂向运动的综合影响。试验结果表明,加装被动翼之后,中低速时静水阻力增幅较大,高速时静水阻力增幅减缓;在1倍波长船长比附近,纵摇、垂荡、首尾垂向加速度大幅减小;波浪增阻显著降低。综合而言,被动翼复合船型在风浪中航行时,快速性与原船型相当,耐波性大幅提升,对改善船员舒适性和船上设备使用环境具有有益效果。     

带舭龙骨柱体的横摇阻尼的粘性流计算

文章用RANSE求解器计算在自由面上带舭龙骨二维柱体的横摇水动力系数(附加惯量和阻尼).采用有限体积法(VOF)和两相流技术在时间域内求解柱体横摇强迫振荡所扰动的带自由面粘性流场.由柱体所受到的横摇水动力矩的时间历程导出横摇水动力系数.文中所给算例与已公开发表的试验结果吻合令人满意.     

千吨级高耐波性单体复合船型模型试验研究

文章对哈尔滨工程大学研发的千吨级单体复合船型进行快速性和耐波性试验研究,通过对千吨级圆舭母型船、加装组合附体及改进深V型加装组合附体等复合船型进行模型试验,分析比较不同方案的阻力性能和耐波性能。试验结果表明所研发的深V单体复合船型,能在兼顾阻力性能的前提下,使纵向运动得到显著改善,大幅提升了千吨级单体船的耐波性能。     

Analysis of hydrodynamic characteristics for arbitrary multihull ships advancing in waves

Multihull vessels have emerged as popular alternatives to conventional monohull ships for high-speed crafts. However, the bridging structures connecting the hulls are vulnerable to various wave actions and the wave impact on the bottom of them is the most serious problems associated with multihulled vessels. In this study, prediction of relative wave elevations under the bridging structures is investigated for multihull ships traveling with forward speed in waves. A computer code YNU-SEA using the three-dimensional (3D) Green function method with forward speed has been developed and used to analyze the hydrodynamic radiation and diffraction forces and motion responses for high-speed catamarans in waves. The results of the present calculations are compared with those of previous calculations as well as with experimental results. The numerical results reveal that the present computer code can be used as a powerful tool for the accurate numerical computation of seakeeping problems for multihull ships advancing in waves. Numerical calculations of wave pattern are also carried out including wave interactions between the hulls to analyze the effects of hull form on the free surface flow around catamarans advancing in waves. The analysis of the wave pattern allows the determination of relative wave height including radiation and diffraction waves. Finally, some discussions are included based on these numerical results which may be helpful for the accurate prediction of relative wave height and wave breaking load on the deck associated with multihull ships.     

船体在波浪中的非线性水动压力

本文提出了一个预报船体在波浪中大幅运动时非线性水动压力场的二维时域理论。船体扰动势用时域自由面格林函数和在入射波下的瞬时湿表面上的分布源求解；与非线性水动压力场相匹配的船体运动用差分法求得。为提高计算效率和避免数值过程发散，采用了改进的数值模型和方案。通过线性理论计算与模型试验结果的比较，指出了线性切片理论在预报水动压力场时的不足，水动压力与波高的非线性关系及正负水动压力沿船体表面的分布在Wigley船的计算比较中得到了说明。初步计算表明，该理论的实用化发展前景是令有鼓舞的。相应的计算机程序可在PC机上运行。     

四柱结构近场干涉的粘流分析（英文）

The hydrodynamic analysis of multi-floating bodies is important and widely used in marine engineering. In this study, we systematically simulated the wave diffraction problem of a fixed vertical four-cylinder structure in regular waves in the time domain in a viscous numerical wave tank. The hydrodynamic interaction of waves with a bottom-mounted structure consisting of four vertical cylinders arranged at the corners of a square shows a complicated interference phenomenon. In this paper, we illustrate and analyze the run-up around the structure and the corresponding wave forces. To investigate the viscous effect on the near-trapping phenomenon, we pay particular attention to investigating the waves near-trapped inside the four-cylinder structure,and make a comparative study of the viscous-and inviscid-flow solutions with the experimental measurements. The results show that the maximum wave elevation occurs on the inner side of the leeside cylinder, and that the wave elevations on the outer side of the cylinders are lower than those on the inner side. We can conclude that viscosity has an obvious damping effect on wave elevations inside the structure. The cylinders show a tendency to drift apart from each other when the near-trapping phenomenon occurs.