深圳港、广州港和虎门港的集装箱业务竞争与合作

经过数十年的建设和发展,珠江三角洲地区(以下简称珠三角地区)基本形成干线港、支线港和喂给港层次分明的港口发展格局:以泛珠三角地区为经济腹地的深圳港和广州港是珠三角港口群的干线港;以东莞为经济腹地的虎门港的崛起虽未撼动深圳港和广州港的干线港地位,但将加快珠三角     

通过主成分分析研究比较港口物流发展趋势——以广州港为例

通过主成分分析法可以评价一个港口的综合物流发展水平和潜力。以广州港为例,建立了展示其综合发展的数学模型,同时选择邻近的深圳港进行对比分析。结果表明广州港的货物吞吐量短期内难以与深圳港匹敌,但其广阔的腹地物流支持和经济发展潜力使其整体竞争力快速上升。对广州港集装箱以及运输系统的直接货源腹地--珠江三角洲地区也作了详细分析,并且用最新的竞争情报分析阐述了其在发展过程中所遇到的问题和挑战。最后探讨了通过加强广州港集装箱运输系统的建设,配合公路、铁路以及内陆水系的配套设施以发展整体的第3方港口物流,从港口物流规划的高度综合展望了广州港未来的发展策略。     

伶仃洋港口航道泥沙问题研究*

伶仃洋是华南具有重要航运功能的河口湾,在其东西两岸分布着广州港南沙港区、深圳港西部港区、中山港等重要港口,伶仃航道和铜鼓航道是广州港和深圳港的重要出海通道。伶仃洋港口航道的主要问题是泥沙淤积问题。基于现场实测资料分析、卫星遥感分析、泥沙水槽试验、港池淤泥密度测量与分析等手段,对伶仃洋港口航道的泥沙问题进行综合分析和研究,包括泥沙运动动力条件特征、泥沙来源与运移形式、悬沙和底质特征、港口航道泥沙淤积特征及机理、泥沙水力特性试验、浮泥及适航水深利用等,并根据伶仃洋港口航道泥沙特点提出南沙港区港口航道维护对策。     

考虑货-港双方利益的港口经济腹地划分模型

港口经济腹地的合理划分关系着港口生产与发展大局。对此,为准确划分港口经济腹地范围,综合考虑货主方成本和港口方收益的因素,从"效用"的角度出发,提出划分港口经济腹地范围的新模型。同时,应用蚁群算法进行求解,并以厦门港和宁波港经济腹地范围划分实例为例,验证模型的正确性和实用性。     

后疫情时代吴淞口国际邮轮港竞争力分析

为更好地分析吴淞口国际邮轮港在后疫情时代的发展,通过因子分析法从港口自然条件及基础设施、经济腹地优势、港口发展潜力和旅游情况等4个方面建立评价模型,选取国内多个邮轮港口进行因子分析法比较,分析吴淞口国际邮轮港的综合竞争力。实证结果表明,在所选取的10个邮轮港中,吴淞口国际邮轮港综合竞争力排名第一,但仍有不足之处需要改进。结合实证结果对提升吴淞口国际邮轮港综合竞争力提出降低碳排放量以提升空气质量、加强港口基础设施建设、推进港口智能化、进一步提升经济腹地医疗水平等建议。     

发挥厦门港优势 促进海峡西岸经济区建设

对厦门港自然条件、经济腹地、吞吐量,以及厦门港的优势和在基础设施、陆向腹地、集疏运系统等方面存在的不足进行分析,并提出相应的发展对策建议:明确战略定位,深化港口管理体制改革,加快港口基础设施建设,改善集疏运条件,增加航线数量和加大航班密度等。     

珠三角集装箱运输格局及存在问题分析

1 珠江三角洲集装箱运输基本格局现状 珠江三角洲地区是我国外贸经济最发达、集装箱生成量最大的地区之一。改革开放以来，沿海主要港口不断建设集装箱泊位，经过20年的发展，珠江三角洲地区集装箱港口已基本形成了以香港为国际航运中心，深圳港、广州港为干线港，区内其他中小集装箱港口为喂给港的集装箱运输格局。这种格局随着广州港大力发展集装箱运输和南沙港区的建成投产，将日益巩固。     

区域港口一体化发展下港口腹地范围演变规律研究

为探究区域港口一体化发展下港口经济腹地的演变规律,以港口资源整合前后的大连港和营口港为例,运用改进的腹地烟羽模型对2018、2020年的港口腹地范围进行测算,结合Arcgis软件绘制各港口单纯与混合腹地空间分布,通过各港口腹地范围演化特征分析港口一体化发展策略。研究结果表明：港口整合后各港口综合影响力差距缩小,大连港与营口港腹地范围差距减小、混合腹地范围扩大。港口一体化发展背景下,各港口发展侧重于腹地范围的均衡协调,避免同质化竞争,实现合理分工。     

从深圳港的发展探讨我国港口物流发展模式

一方面,随着全球经济一体化的深入,港口在促进区域经济增长方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。另一方面,随着经济一体化和国际贸易的日益增多,对港口物流的要求也越来越高。因此,着重发展港口现代物流是实现港口多元化发展、提高核心竞争力的重要战略措施。本文以深圳港为研究对象,分析了如何选择合适的港口物流发展模式。首先,选择了对深圳港的四个核心影响因素:腹地经济、港口基础设施、港口环境、港口综合管理和服务水平(竞争力)。此外,定性地选择了适合未来深圳港口物流的发展模式。通过分析,本文排除了独立的物流中心模式和港口物流网络布局模式,确定了国际航运中心模式、区域物流体系模式、区域联动——保税港区物流模式和港口供应链战略联盟模式这四种模式可供深圳港选择。最后,进一步利用专家对四项指标的重要性进行了识别,并依托AHP技术,分析并确定了深圳港应该建设区域物流体系模式,并逐步向国际航运中心模式过渡的必要性。     

集装箱干线港发展的历程和经验初探

<正> 集装箱干线港发展的首要条件是经济依托,即腹地集装箱生成量;其次是港口的地理区位和建港条件,即靠近国际航路,满足大型集装箱船要求的码头和航道;再次是城市依托和区域内集装箱港口的发展格局,即有良好的城市综合服务条件,发展时机还与同一区域内集装箱运输港口的布局有关。     

搞好港口布局规划建设二十一世纪国际大港

从大连港的经济腹地、地理位置、自然条件诸方面简述21世纪搞好港口布局规划，建设国际大港的可能和必要。     

宁波港向“第四代港口”跨越式发展的战略思考

阐述了第四代港口的内涵.针对宁波港面临的机遇和挑战,分析了其向第四代港口跨越式发展的条件;并从集装箱运力、基础设施、服务功能、海陆一体化、经济腹地等5方面论述了其存在差距及努力方向.     

日照港虎山港区规划探讨

从日照港和日照市的港城互动和港口经济腹地的发展论述日照港开辟新港区的必要性;从临港工业园区的需要和自然条件论述开辟虎山港区的优越性,在此基础上,简述虎山港区规划设想。     

Value creation in the port: opening the boundaries to the market

In the era of fierce competition among ports as elements of value chain systems, the opening of the boundaries to the market represents a crucial challenge that port authority has to cope with, in order to guarantee a lasting economic and social development of the port and its hinterland. We propose a theoretical framework to analyse value creation in the port and its hinterland through two core concepts: resource allocation and interaction. We illustrate such framework with the case of the port of Naples and, specifically, the contribution of the port authority and other port business operators to the value creation process of Garofalo, an export-oriented firm located in its hinterland. A discussion and suggestions for future research are provided in the last section.     

Coordination mechanisms in improving hinterland accessibility: empirical analysis in the port of Rotterdam

Hinterland accessibility is one of the main determinants in port competition. Improving hinterland accessibility is a complex process in which many actors are involved and many factors play a role. It requires coordination mechanisms beyond the price mechanism; conditions of complexity can become such that assistance is needed from other coordination mechanisms, such as introduction of incentives, creation of an interfirm alliance, changing scope, and creating collective action. The goal of this paper is to gain a better understanding on coordination in hinterland chains. Based on the insights of Transaction Cost Economics, a set of variables is explicated in order to understand when, by whom, and under which conditions and situations coordination arrangements are chosen. The variables can be divided into variables related to the complexity of the coordination problem and variables related to the coordination arrangement. The variables are used in an empirical analysis of coordination arrangements in hinterland transport from and to the port of Rotterdam. This analysis provides insight into the patterns and conditions of the emergence of different coordination arrangements that improve hinterland accessibility.     

港口腹地划分的断-电模型研究

如何准确地划分港口的腹地范围,以明确港口的定位和规划布局很重要。现有的港口腹地划分方法大多只以某一个单一因素作为港口腹地划分的依据,只能实现对港口腹地的笼统划分,不能满足指导港口制定未来发展目标与规划的任务。在总结了以往的腹地划分方法的基础上,提出了一种新的港口腹地划分方法——断-电模型。该模型是基于城市腹地划分的断裂点模型和电子云模型综合而成的,是在考虑到港口及腹地地区综合影响因素的基础上建立的,能够较为准确地划分港口的腹地范围。最后以营口港的腹地划分为例对断-电模型进行了实际应用,并取得满意效果。     

A conceptual framework for cooperation in hinterland development between neighbouring seaport authorities

The hinterland of a port is probably the most important aspect in the competition between gateway ports. This paper, starting with a literature overview, shows how the port authority can extend its hinterland with the aim of increasing its attractiveness and, eventually, its throughput. To achieve this, it can be advantageous to cooperate with adjacent port authorities. Together, through cooperation, economies of scale can be realised that facilitate a modal shift away from road to a more efficient and more sustainable transport. This would reduce the cost of transport to/from the hinterland region from/to these ports consequently increasing the attractiveness and the market share of the cooperating ports for this region. The paper describes a conceptual method to identify and quantify the opportunities for cooperation in the hinterland. The framework starts, after some basic transport economic concepts, from (theoretically available) hinterland data to locate regions that are at the edge of the contested hinterland of a port region and results in a methodology that can be used to generate a quantified list of regions where cooperation will make a difference. Using this methodology, port authorities (PAs), of any region where hinterland data are available, can list, together with their neighbours, the regions where to prioritise their efforts.     

Assessment of port economic impacts on regional economy with a case study on the Port of Lisbon

This article presents a method of assessing the economic impacts of ports at both regional level and national level, through application of input–output analysis. To this end, a methodology for data collection is proposed, which combines a top-down with a bottom-up approach which should help in surpassing some of the difficulties commonly faced in port economic impact studies. The presented methodology allows port planners and policymakers to assess the economic significance and geographic reach of port investments. This study considers the economic impacts of the port cluster and the socio-economic significance of port user industries. The several layers of the analysis are kept separate to allow a better grasp of direct and indirect impacts. The proposed methodology is demonstrated in a study of the Port of Lisbon, which confirms the significance of this port to the Portuguese economy, and also demonstrates that the influence of the Port of Lisbon is mostly limited to an area in close proximity to the port. Therefore, results suggest that investments for the development of logistic infrastructures associated with the port should concentrate in the immediate hinterland of the port.     

港口腹地划分的两种新方法探讨--以大连国际航运中心为例

引入经济地理学的新理论成果———圈层结构法和点轴法,提出了圈层结构划分法和点轴结构划分法两种新的港口腹地划分方法,并应用这两种新方法对大连国际航运中心港口腹地范围的界定与划分进行实例分析。与以往的行政区划法、经济区域法等港口腹地划分方法相比,这两种方法更加注重对港口原有腹地的细分,更接近于港口腹地的实际状况,进而有利于港口企业的经营发展。     

Upstream transport corridor inefficiencies and the implications for port performance: a case analysis of Mombasa Port and the Northern Corridor

The role of efficient ports in the socio-economic prosperity of national and regional economies cannot be overstated. However, their ability to effectively deliver on this role is easily undermined by circumstances in the wider socio-economic context, particularly poor hinterland connectivity. In order to enhance international trade connectivity, many advanced and advancing economies continue to invest significant resources in developing efficient ports and hinterland transport networks. The situation is different in many parts of the developing world, particularly Africa, where poor economic connectivity and inefficient gateway ports result in prohibitively high transportation costs. Focusing on the northern trade and transport corridor in the East and Southern Africa (ESA) region, this article examines how poor hinterland connectivity undermines the performance of Mombasa port. It concludes that, although the port’s management has in recent years invested significantly in performance-enhancing initiatives, their success is limited by a constricted economic environment that is characterised by poor hinterland connectivity and chronic logistics bottlenecks along the arterial corridor.