海运温室气体减排市场机制对班轮经营的影响

班轮运输中船舶航速快,燃油消耗费用在成本中占比高.因此,与燃油消耗量密切相关的“海运温室气体减排市场机制”的实施将使班轮运输受到的影响较其他运输方式大.为研究减排市场机制对班轮经营的影响,比较了目前在国际海事组织讨论的三类主要市场机制的运行特征,分析了它们对海运运输成本的影响途径以及因实施海运排放交易体系(METS)和国际海运温室气体基金机制(GHG FUND)而产生的碳成本.在此基础上,定量分析了集装箱班轮航线经营中不同船型、航速情景下,实施市场机制产生的碳成本随燃油价格和碳价格变化的规律.结果表明,在班轮航线上,为降低温室气体排放而降低航速,尽管使投入船舶增多,但整体营运效益得到改善.高速、大型船舶减速后带来的成本降低效应比小型、低速船舶来得大.     

浅谈船舶艉部节能技术

船舶能效设计指数（EEDI）已于2013年1月1日正式生效,这是第一个专门针对国际海运温室气体减排的强制性法律文件。EEDI是衡量船舶设计和建造能效水平的一个指标,即根据船舶在设计最大载货状态下以一定航速航行所需推进动力以及相关辅助功率消耗的燃油计算出的二氧化碳排放量。制定这一指标的目的在于提高船舶能效和降低二氧化碳排放。本文分析了目前世界（特别是中国）船舶业所面临的严峻形势,对世界先进船舶艉部节能技术进行分析,从而满足EEDI的要求。     

船舶节能减排思考

国际航运业是全球主要的温室气体排放大户之一,其排放的二氧化碳总量已超过许多《京都议定书》国家每年温室气体的排放量。特别是其二氧化硫和一氧化二氨的排放量分别占全球排放总量的10%和25％。根据IMO的温室气体研究报告,船舶排放的废气主要有：CO2、CH4、NOx、SOx。根据船舶燃料消耗的数据,IMO工作小组分别计算出2000年至2010年全球航运船舶的废气排放量,如图1、图2所示。     

船舶碳足迹计算

船舶行业也是温室气体排放的主要来源之一,其所涉及的船舶建造、船舶营运及其他相关活动所产生的温室气体约占全球温室气体排放总量的3.3%。如何应对全球气候变暖已成为全人类面临的最重要的课题,而碳足迹(Carbon Footprint)的提出则为产品和服务温室气体排放量的测度提供了新方法。     

电池推进船最新研发动向

国际海运是造成全球温室效应的主要因素之一。为此，IMO在2011年7月对新造船舶的单位运输能力对应的温室气体排放量进行了规定，通过了MARPOL公约附则VI的修改案并在2013年开始实行。MARPOL公约本身是以大型船舶为对象，但是对小型船舶的温室气体排放量的控制也是必须的。欧美国家湖泊区域较多，它们禁止采用内燃主机的船舶，而推行电池推进船的使用。     

欧盟海运减排最新发展:海运MRV

欧盟对国际海运温室气体排放一直保持高度关注,在2013年,欧盟委员会正式向欧盟议会以及欧盟理事会提交了有关船舶温室气体排放的监测、报告和认证(MRV)的条例草案并获得通过。MRV将作为欧盟港口准入条件适用于所有进入欧盟港口的5000总吨以上的船舶。届时船舶将就其全程与二氧化碳排放相关的数据进行详细检测和记录,并获得相关机构认证。对于欧盟这种单边措施,中国海运业应及时做好准备,以避免因未有效履行相关义务而遭到欧盟的处罚。     

全球LNG船市场新格局

<正>供需的地域差异决定了LNG海运贸易的必然性和不断增大的发展性。国际海事组织在2018年发布国际海运温室气体减排初步战略,明确了到2050年,国际海运业温室气体年度排放总量比照2008年度排放总量的最低降幅(即50%)。据Woodmac公司预测,2019～2020年,全球船舶液化天然气(LNG)燃料使用量将增加70%,取代当前全球船舶每天约10万桶船用燃料的需求。美国能源部预测,到2020年美国将     

从履行国际公约的角度谈我国船舶温室气体减排策略

通过分析现行关于船舶温室气体排放的国际公约和相关要求,提出其对我国海运业造成的影响,针对我国的现状及履约能力,提出我国应该采取的船舶温室气体减排策略温室气体的过量排放是导致全球气候变暖的罪魁祸首,尽管海运业排放的温室气体仅占全球总排放量的1.8%-3.5%(统计和计算方法的不同导致估计结果有所差异),但其总量却相当于德国整个国家的排放量。1990—2002年,海运业所排放的温室气体增加     

海运温室气体排放MRV规则对我国海运业影响与对策研究

近年来,国际海运业温室气体排量与日俱增,日益严峻的气候问题随之而来。结合全球海运温室气体排放现状,介绍欧盟海运温室气体排放的MRV规则,对比国内温室气体排放的监测手段,探究欧盟海运温室气体排放MRV规则对我国航运业的影响,针对国内温室气体排放监测体系提出意见和建议。     

谁将是海运业的未来燃料?

正2018年4月13日,国际海事组织(IMO)海洋环境保护委员会(MEPC)宣布,其成员国代表一致同意,至2050年将航运板块的二氧化碳总排放量削减50%,并尽快开始减排,努力逐步实现零碳目标。此次国际海运温室气体减排初步战略的通过将海运业的温室气体减排问题再次推向高潮,虽然目前初步战略尚未制定明确的时间表与行动计划,但是可以预见未来海运业温室气体减排的相关措施必将出台,并且将会愈加严格,正如目前正在实施的NO_X、SO_X排放控制。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。