Testing and analysis of a 6-m steel truss/composite skin hybrid ship hull model

A hybrid ship hull made of a steel truss and composite sandwich skins was investigated experimentally and numerically. A 6-m model was tested under hogging loads, after having previous been subjected to sagging loads. All loads were introduced as shear through brackets welded to bulkheads. The model was loaded to the design load, at which point there was plastic yielding of the steel truss. However, there was no indication of failure in any of the composite sandwich panels, nor in the adhesive bonds between the panels and the steel truss. The steel truss started to yield at lower strains than expected, a fact which was elucidated by manufacturing and testing subcomponents of the steel truss. Nonlinear elastic-plastic finite element analyses were performed on the complete hull. Results from the numerical analyses were compared with data from both sagging and hogging tests and good correlation was found.     

舰用钢质夹层结构连接节点研究现状综述

激光焊接钢质夹层结构的连接节点,是钢质夹层结构在舰船应用中的关键问题之一。梳理了钢质夹层结构之间、钢质夹层结构与传统船体结构之间的典型连接节点;阐述了钢质夹层结构连接节点的必要性和重要性,分析了连接节点设计需考虑的多种因素：连接强度、制造工艺和结构重量;汇总了平面对接的连接形式的现有研究成果,并总结了2种高效的有限元分析方法：平面应变模型的分析方法和壳-体连接结合子模型的分析方法。     

船舶复合材料上层建筑概念设计及力学行为研究

针对船舶轻量化的发展需求,以轻质复合材料夹芯结构作为上层建筑的基础板材,以船用复合材料T形连接和y形连接作为设计节点,通过局部设计节点与基础板架的有机组合完成集成式船舶复合材料上层建筑的概念设计.分析船舶上层建筑的多种受载形式,研究其在波浪环境中联合载荷作用下的力学行为表征和宏观响应特性,预报复合材料上层建筑与主船体之间的相互作用及其对船舶总纵弯曲的贡献效率,为船舶复合材料上层建筑的优化设计、可靠性和安全性分析提供有益参考.     

Ultimate collapse tests of stiffened-plate ship structural units

An increasingly popular approximate method for assessing ship hull girder ultimate strength is to combine the individual elasto-plastic load-carrying characteristics of each single stiffened-plate unit comprising the ship hull cross section. In order to evaluate methods (numerical and experimental) for developing the load-carrying characteristics (load–shortening curves), a full-scale testing system was designed and constructed to provide data for stiffened steel plate units under combined axial and lateral loads. The system included an assembly of discrete plate edge restraints that were developed to represent symmetric boundary conditions within a grillage system. Twelve full-scale panels including ‘as-built’, ‘deformed’ and ‘damaged’ specimens were tested in this set-up.

The specimens failed by combined plate and flexural buckling, stiffener tripping or local collapse, depending on the magnitude of lateral loads and local damage. Load-shortening curves associated with different failure modes were found to be distinctly different and it was found that a small lateral load could change the failure mode from flexural buckling to tripping. Current design criteria should directly consider effects of the lateral loads on the failure modes and the collapse loads of stiffened plates.     

复合材料船体纵向极限强度可靠性分析

把船体甲板或船底板结构视为是一系列加筋板单元的组合，然后利用复合材料梁柱理论计算船体加筋板单元构件的极限承载能力，最后用Smith法计算复合材料船体的极限承载能力。由于复合材料船体纵向极限强度的极限状态方程不能简单地用船体各参数显式表达，故将近年发展起来的响应面法与JC法相结合，对复合材料船体纵向极限强度进行了可靠性分析。并讨论了影响船体纵向极限强度可靠性各变量的敏感性。     

船体外板鞍形板自重成型的数学模型

应用弹性力学壳体理论分析和ANSYS软件数值模拟,对船体鞍形外板在自重作用下引起的变形进行计算,在此基础上应用逐步回归方法建立了鞍形板自重成型的数学模型.     

金属夹层结构的舰船应用研究综述

金属夹层结构作为一种未来工程应用的新型结构,在舰船领域有着广阔的应用前景。立足于水面舰船背景,从金属夹层结构的基本类型、在舰船中的应用、抗爆抗冲击性能分析以及目前存在的技术难点等几个方面进行综述,发现在此领域有4个方面的问题亟待解决：应系统地开展舰用金属夹层结构的相关基础研究;需尽快系统地开展关于波纹夹芯板的相关研究;在相关基础研究的基础上,开展设计技术研究;开展大量试验研究工作,降低设计风险。     

改进V型夹层板近场水下爆炸抗冲击性能研究

对水下爆炸结构的响应进行分析,设计相应的结构来降低载荷效应是提高舰船抗冲击性能的重要研究内容。基于耦合欧拉-拉格朗日(CEL)算法,考虑流-固耦合等因素的影响,建立完整的水下爆炸数值模型,运用显式动态分析对普通加筋板、常规V型夹层板、改进的V型夹层板进行近场水下爆炸作用下的动响应分析,从结构与流体的相互作用、结构产生的变形、吸能特性等角度综合分析。结果表明,改进后的V型夹层板抗冲击防护性能明显提高,可为舰船抗冲击结构设计提供一定的参考。     

激光焊接技术在舰船建造中的应用

介绍了激光焊接技术的发展历史、工业焊接用激光源的基本特点、激光焊接技术用于造船业的优势及其存在的困难,重点介绍了激光焊接技术在舰船建造中的应用实例,包括激光焊接大型船板、激光焊接型材、焊接瓦棱夹层板、激光焊接修复等,指出了在舰船建造中开展激光焊接技术研究的必要性。     

I型金属夹层结构连接构件强度数值计算方法

激光焊接钢质夹层结构在国外已用于实船,其连接构件的强度特性是设计者关注的关键问题之一。应用有限元分析软件ANSYS,提出采用壳体连接技术和子模型法,对I型金属夹层结构的两种典型连接构件进行强度分析。通过与全部体单元模型计算结果进行对比,分析了多点约束、自由度耦合、约束方程和端面壳4种壳体连接方法和子模型法计算连接构件在面内、面外载荷作用下强度的计算精度。结果对比表明,在主模型网格划分合理的情况下,采用端面壳、壳—体多点约束的子模型法可取得较好的计算精度与操作简便性的平衡,同时,还可大大降低计算规模。     

蜂窝夹层板的优化设计分析

夹层板结构是近代发展起来的一种比较先进的结构形式,具有比强度高、比刚度大等特点。为优化夹层板的抗冲击性能,以某船底部板架单元为基础,在保证夹层板总质量和主尺寸与原板架相同的前提下,建立4组六棱柱蜂窝夹层板模型,其中每组夹层板的夹层质量各不相同。首先利用有限元软件ABAQUS模拟夹层板在冲击波载荷作用下的响应,对比夹层板的结构损伤并筛选出每组中结构损伤最小的夹层板板型,然后从能量吸收的角度分析夹层板的抗爆抗冲击性能,得到一种优化的夹层板模型。     

夹层结构玻纤增强塑料双体船直接计算分析

考虑到夹层结构玻纤增强塑料船舶的结构强度数值仿真分析方法与一般钢质海船不同,采用层合板单元模拟玻璃钢复合材料和复合材料夹层结构,并参照中国船级社《海上高速船入级与建造规范》2015的最新要求,对某玻璃钢夹层结构双体游艇进行总强度有限元计算分析及评估,并对不满足规范要求复合材料构件提出改善夹层纤维增强建议。文中采用的分析方法和提出的建议,可为复合材料船舶的结构设计提供参考。     

船用夹层板系统水下防护性能数值仿真分析

夹层板系统(SPS)具有优越的力学性能,可应用于船舶防护结构设计中,提高其防护性能。文章基于非线性有限元软件ABAQUS,分析了SPS在水下爆炸冲击载荷下的结构损伤变形模式、吸能、速度、加速度响应等力学行为,并与传统船体加筋板架结构的防护性能进行对比分析;然后系统研究了不同冲击波工况下SPS的防护性能,并讨论了SPS结构参数对其防护性能的影响。研究结构表明,SPS对冲击波载荷具有较好缓冲及卸载效果;随着冲击因子的增大,SPS上下面板中心单元的应力和应变以及结构吸能都在相应增大,其中心点位移、速度和加速度也呈现出近似线性增长趋势;SPS存在最优结构匹配问题,需要进一步开展结构尺寸优化。     

核发电船堆舱破损状态极限强度分析

对于核发电船而言,考虑到核反应堆的安全性问题,船体结构即使发生破坏,也要保证整体的强度,所以有必要针对破损后的船体梁进行极限强度分析。在船体剩余极限强度分析中,核反应堆舱所处舱段的极限承载能力是整个核发电船极限强度分析的关键。文章研究的重点集中在核反应堆舱段,在该舱段选取危险剖面进行剩余极限强度分析。同时,采用中和轴偏转的Smith方法对反应堆舱段进行破损船体极限强度计算,并结合HCSR规范对其进行评估。根据该核电船作业海域的海况资料,对其遭遇的波浪载荷进行长期极值预报,进而得出该船破损情况下的设计极限弯矩。结果表明,该船的设计极限弯矩满足规范中的要求,为基于规范的特定海域中的特定船型剩余强度评估提供参考。     

外接平板型金属夹层结构连接构件极限强度分析

激光焊接钢质夹层结构在国外已用于实船,其连接形式是亟待解决的关键问题之一。基于有限元分析软件ANSYS,研究了面内载荷作用下,I型金属夹层结构外接平板型连接构件的失效模式和极限承载能力,以及5种典型初始缺陷的尺寸和连接构件的设计参数对极限载荷的影响规律。结果显示,连接构件较短时,结构失效的主导因素是焊接接头形成了塑性铰;连接构件较长时,主导因素是连接构件失稳。对于各种类型的初始缺陷,随初始缺陷尺寸的增大,极限载荷均降低;连接构件、以及靠近连接构件的夹层面板和夹层腹板的初始缺陷对极限载荷的影响较大。在控制重量的条件下,欲增大极限承载能力,最有效的途径是增大连接构件厚度,并选取合适的连接构件长度。     

17000载重吨油船结构疲劳分析的快速估算方法(英文)

Fatigue cracks and fatigue damage have been important issues for ships and offshore structures for a long time.However,in the last decade,with the introduction of higher tensile steel in hull structures and increasingly large ship dimensions,the greater attention should be paid to fatigue problems.Most research focuses on how to more easily access the fatigue strength of ships.Also,the major classification societies have already released their fatigue assessment notes.However,due to the complexity of factors influencing fatigue performances,such as wave load and pressure from cargo,the combination of different stress components,stress on concentration of local structure details,means stress,and the corrosive environments,there are different specifications with varying classification societies,leading to the different results from different fatigue assessment methods.This paper established the Det Norske Veritas(DNV) classification notes "fatigue assessment of ship structures" that explains the process of fatigue assessment and simplified methods.Finally,a fatigue analysis was performed by use data of a real ship and the reliability of the result was assessed.     

多种破坏因素下舰船电力系统三维战损综合评估

分析武器攻击产生的4种主要破坏因素对设备的损伤机理,对船体和电力系统进行三维数字建模,采用Matlab编程进行蒙特卡罗模拟多种常规武器攻击。考虑多种破坏因素,提出武器多次命中时电力系统各部分损伤概率和损伤等级的计算方法。利用层次分析法确定权重,综合评估电力系统的损伤,提出电力系统的设计及防护建议。     

船体梁静水载荷效应统计预报

船体梁静水剪力、弯矩等是由装载状态决定的载荷效应。营运船舶装载记录表明，实际装载状态具有不确定性，由此导致载荷效应发生变异，其统计特性可利用回归公式或随机模拟原理进行估算或预报。通过对油船、散货船、滚装船及集装箱船约2000种随机工况所作的统计分析，表明其静水弯矩等随装载偏差的变化近似于正态分布律，并具有比船体中剖面模数或钢材屈服极限更为显著的变异性。在船舶结构可靠性分析或理性设计中，合理估算并预报这种及异性是必要的。     

The compressive behavior of advanced double hull structure—A review of current research at David Taylor

It has long been recognized that the compressive behavior of primary ship structural components plays a vital role in the design of surface ship hulls. This is equally as true for the new advanced double hull concept as it is for the more conventional surface ship configurations. What is different, however, is the nature of the structural mechanics phenomena which must be addressed due to the double hull's more radical departure from conventional design and construction practices. With increasing interest and attention being shown in this new concept, the David Taylor Model Basin has over the past few years initiated a number of research efforts which have and are continuing to address various aspects of the behavior of double hulls and their components to primary compressive loadings. These studies have as their ultimate goal the development of practical, user oriented design methods for double hull structure and as such currently focus on more approximate, rather than mathematically rigorous, approaches to the various structural phenomena being considered. This paper is in essence a progress report on a selected number of these efforts and describes the results achieved to date as well as the ongoing efforts and those planned for the future. This report focuses primarily on three recent studies: (1) a preliminary look at the relative significance of local versus general instability failure of double hull structure; (2) small scale experimental analysis of double hull sections using rigid vinyl modelling; and (3) the application of beam-on-elastic-foundation analysis methods for high aspect stiffened plates as it relates to double hull structure. In addition to these major topics, the report also includes a brief discussion of other ongoing and planned efforts relevant to the advanced double hull.     

V型无压载水船舶型线设计变换研究

无压载水船舶作为一种新的船舶设计理念已经在国外展开了相关的研究,而在中国还研究甚少。就V型无压载水方案的型线设计变换进行研究,首次提出基于母型的横剖面面积曲线基本不变的V型无压载水型线设计变换方法。该方法对母型船的型线进行底部V型变换,使设计船舶的底部呈现一定的倾角,同时增大船宽。变换后设计船舶的横剖面面积曲线和母型船保持一致,变换方法简单可靠,在保证设计船舶的船长、设计吃水、排水量等参数基本不变的情况下,较好地解决了设计船舶型线的光顺性问题。