L型吊舱式推进器直线运动和非设计工况下水动力性能的试验研究（英文）

Experimental tests were conducted to evaluate the hydrodynamic performance of an L-type podded propulsor in straight-ahead motion and off-design conditions using an open-water measuring instrument developed by the authors for podded propulsors, a ship model towing tank, and under water particle image velocimetry(PIV) measurement systems. Under the three types of conditions, the main parameters of an L-type podded propulsor were measured, including the propeller thrust and torque, as well as the thrust, side force, and moment of the whole pod unit. In addition, the flow field on the section between the propeller and the strut was analyzed. Experimental results demonstrate that the dynamic azimuthing rate and direction and the turning direction affect the forces on the propeller and the whole pod unit. Forces are asymmetrically distributed between the left and right azimuthing directions because of the effect of propeller rotation. The findings of this study provide a foundation for further research on L-type podded propulsors.     

鳍对拖式吊舱推进器水动力性能的影响

为研究鳍的影响,建立了吊舱推进器的水动力性能的计算模型.计算了吊舱推进器安装和不安装鳍时的水动力性能,螺旋桨与吊舱及鳍之间的相互影响通过迭代计算加以考虑.采用基于速度势的基本积分微分方程,并采用双曲面元以消除面元间的间隙.采用Newton-Raphson迭代求解压力分布使得桨叶的随边满足压力库塔条件,用柳泽的方法求得物体表面的速度分布以避免数值求导的奇异性.无鳍.单鳍和双鳍的吊舱推进器水动力性能计算结果表明,附加鳍时吊舱推进器的螺旋桨推力增加,由于鳍上产生推力导致吊舱阻力减小.附加双鳍时的吊舱推进器水动力性能最好,附加单鳍时次之,无鳍时最低.     

带有推力鳍的吊舱推进器水动力性能研究

本文使用FLUENT软件对拖式吊舱推进器的水动力性能进行分析。由于涉及到螺旋桨、桨毂和舱体、支架的相互干扰问题,本文采用多参考系模型来进行相互干扰平均效果的计算。本文计算不同进速系数下普通吊舱推进器的推力系数、扭矩系数,与实验数据进行对比,并绘制敞水性能曲线。同时提出了几种带有推力鳍的吊舱推进器,对其进行了水动力性能计算,并与普通吊舱推进器的水动力性能进行比较,本文最后分析推力鳍对吊舱推进器水动力性能的影响。     

拖式吊舱推进器的非定常水动力性能

应用升力面理论涡格法和面元法,建立了拖式吊舱推进器非定常水动力性能的数值计算方法。螺旋桨桨叶采用升力面理论涡格法计算,吊舱舱体及支架采用HESS-SMITH面元法计算,螺旋桨与吊舱及支架之间的相互影响通过迭代计算来处理。针对拖式吊舱推进器,通过系统的计算和分析,研究了螺旋桨负荷、吊舱和支架诱导速度各分量以及标称与实效诱导速度对其水动力性能的影响。研究表明,就吊舱及支架的实效诱导速度而言,轴向及周向诱导速度主要由支架引起,径向诱导速度主要由吊舱舱体引起。当考察吊舱推进器的定常水动力性能时,可略去吊舱诱导速度的径向及周向分量;考察非定常性能时,可略去径向分量,但应考虑周向分量的影响。以吊舱及支架的标称诱导速度作为进流,将导致非定常推力、扭矩的平均值降低,脉动量幅值减小,因此,虽然标称诱导速度容易得到,但据此进行吊舱推进器的性能预报或设计都会引起一定的误差。非定常水动力的脉动幅值取决于船尾伴流与吊舱诱导速度的相对比例,略去吊舱诱导速度会导致桨叶非定常力的变化特征发生较大变化。     

全回转吊舱螺旋桨设计及其水动力性能研究

全回转吊舱推进器作为现代最先进的特种推进设备之一,近几年来其整体的水动力性能研究一直备受行业热点关注,但是针对吊舱螺旋桨设计的研究却相对较少,由于吊舱的独特结构形式,螺旋桨、舱体、吊柱等结构相互影响,因此螺旋桨设计方法和常规推进器的设计有着较大的差别,本文使用数值升力面的理论设计方法结合CFD计算方法,探索出吊舱螺旋桨水动力变化规律,分析吊舱结构对螺旋桨的水动力性能影响,为吊舱推进器的螺旋桨设计提供了一种可靠的方法。     

Experimental study on a model azimuthing podded propulsor in ice

The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of a model azimuthing podded propulsor in ice-covered water. Model tests were carried out with two different depths of cut into the ice (15 and 35 mm), two different ice conditions (presawn and pack ice conditions), and four different azimuthing angles. The depth of cut is the maximum penetration depth of the propeller blade into the ice block. The 0.3-m-diameter model propeller was operated in a continuous ice milling condition. Ice loads were measured by several sensors which were installed in various positions on the model. Six one-axis pancake-style load cells on the top of the model measured the global loads and two six-component dynamometers were installed on the shaft to measure the shaft loads. One six-component dynamometer was attached to the one of the propeller blades inside the hub to measure the blade loads. The pod unit and propeller performance in ice are presented. Ice-related loads, which were obtained when the blade was inside the ice block, are introduced and discussed. During the propeller–ice interaction, a blade can experience the path generated by the previous blade, which is called the shadowing effect. The effects of shadowing, depth of cut, azimuthing angle, and advance coefficient on propulsor performance are presented and discussed.     

基于CFD的拖式吊舱推进器斜流状态下数值模拟

采用FLUENT软件计算了某拖式吊舱推进器在直航以及斜流状态下的水动力性能.采用滑移面网格方法以模拟桨叶、支架、以及舱体之间的非定常干扰.文中首先计算了直航时不同进速系数下的桨叶推力系数、扭矩系数,并与实验结果进行了对比.计算了在不同斜流角(15°、30°、45°)、不同载荷系数时桨叶本身的推力系数、扭矩系数、侧向力系数与直航时(0°)的比较.文中还讨论了支架、舱体在直航以及不同斜流角时的侧向力问题,并将其大小与桨叶本身产生的侧向力进行了比较,部分计算结果与已有的实验值进行了比较、分析.     

Simulation of hydrodynamic performance of drag and double reverse propeller podded propulsors

The unsteady performance of drag and double reverse propeller podded propulsors in open water was numerically simulated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. A moving mesh method was used to more realistically simulate propulsor working conditions, and the thrust, torque, and lateral force coefficients of both propulsors were compared and analyzed. Forces acting on different parts of the propulsors along with the flow field distribution of steady and unsteady results at different advance coefficients were compared. Moreover, the change of the lateral force and the difference between the abovementioned two methods were mainly analyzed. It was shown that the thrust and torque results of both methods were similar, with the lateral force results having the highest deviation     

拖式及双桨反向吊舱推进器水动力性能研究（英文）

The unsteady performance of drag and double reverse propeller podded propulsors in open water was numerically simulated using a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method. A moving mesh method was used to more realistically simulate propulsor working conditions, and the thrust, torque, and lateral force coefficients of both propulsors were compared and analyzed. Forces acting on different parts of the propulsors along with the flow field distribution of steady and unsteady results at different advance coefficients were compared. Moreover, the change of the lateral force and the difference between the abovementioned two methods were mainly analyzed. It was shown that the thrust and torque results of both methods were similar, with the lateral force results having the highest deviation     

吊舱式CRP推进系统理论设计研究

采用螺旋桨旋涡理论和低阶速度势面元法对吊舱式CRP进行适伴流设计。在吊舱给定的前提下对前后桨进行升力线设计和升力面修正,吊舱与前后桨之间的相互影响通过诱导速度来考虑,且诱导速度作为伴流的一部分,并采用面元法进行非定常水动力性能预报。通过实例设计分析可知:在设计进速条件下,采用该方法设计的吊舱式CRP系统与设计的单桨相比,其效率可提高8.533%,设计吊舱式CRP尾流周向诱导速度明显小于单桨时的速度。     

船用吊舱式推进器泄漏回收系统对比分析

对2种典型的国外船用吊舱式推进器泄漏回收系统的螺旋桨轴密封装置、推力轴轴承的冷却与润滑形式和系统原理等进行对比分析。结果表明，同时采用定点压力式泄漏回收系统和真空式泄漏回收系统，船用吊舱式推进器泄漏回收系统的精密程度、自动化程度和回收效率更高，推进器安全得到更好保障。     

基于 CFD预报双桨式吊舱推进器水动力性能

基于粘性流体理论,采用CFD技术数值预报双桨式吊舱推进器的敞水水动力性能。通过对某单桨吊舱推进器进行数值模拟,并与实验值进行比较,验证数值计算方法的准确性。最后数值计算了双桨式吊舱推进器在不同偏转角时的水动力性能,通过数值计算、结果比较和特性分析,计算结果呈现出一定的规律性,达到了给出双桨式全回转吊舱推进器数值预报的方法和一般性规律的目的,可以对此类推进器水动力性能的预报提供参考。     

吊舱推进器定常水动力性能计算

采用FLUENT软件进行拖式吊舱推进器水动力性能的计算,将整体计算域划分为三个区域进行从而达到合理减少计算网格的目的。对于吊舱推进器的整体计算由于涉及到转子/定子物体的相互干扰问题,文中在模拟相互干扰平均效果的定常情况计算中,采用混合面模型进行。对计算方法及边界条件的设置进行了详细介绍。讨论了两种壁面函数对计算结果的影响。计算了不同进速系数下吊舱推进器的推力系数、扭矩系数。采用四套网格进行了吊舱推进器水动力性能计算的比较分析,给出了详细的计算网格参数。分析了计算网格数对吊舱推进器理论预报精度的影响。     

吊舱推进器水动力性能研究

本文应用CFD方法,对某L形吊舱推进器在敞水中的直航(长航)及斜航(机动)水动力性能进行数值模拟与分析研究。分别采用多参考系准定常模型、混合面定常模型及滑移网格非定常模型进行了计算,比较了不同计算模型对推进器水动力预报结果的影响,并分析了水动力(矩)及流场随舵角的变化规律。     

对转舵桨水动力性能理论分析

为了对对转舵桨水动力性能进行计算分析,文章采用低阶速度势面元法建立了对转舵桨水动力性能理论迭代预报模型。对转舵桨的前桨、后桨和吊舱单元之间的相互扰动通过诱导速度来考虑,诱导速度由面元法计算获得。为了对对转舵桨性能进行对比分析,文中采用同样的预报模型对相应常规单桨水动力性能进行了计算,该单桨与对转舵桨在设计工况下能够提供相同的推力。实例计算结果表明,在提供相同推力的条件下,对转舵桨相对单桨收到功率可降低8.03%。与单桨相比,对转舵桨尾流周向诱导速度明显减小,其尾流旋转能量得到有效回收。     

吊舱式推进器模型试验方法中的一些问题

近10多年来吊舱推进器在众多的船型上取得了成功的使用经验,预报其实船性能成为船东和设计部门关注的重点.文章介绍了吊舱式推进器的特点,分析了目前几种主要的吊舱推进器的模型试验方法及其特点,提出了在敞水、自航试验中需要关注的问题.     

小舵角工况下吊舱推进器空泡性能试验研究

船舶在航行中需要在小舵角范围内频繁操舵以保持航向,因此在小舵角工况下吊舱推进器的空泡性能尤为重要。通过试验,对小舵角(±5°)范围内吊舱推进器的空泡性能进行了观察。同时,在0°舵角工况下,对船体以及吊舱上螺旋桨诱导的脉动压力进行了测量,验证了吊舱推进器的设计及应用状况。     

On the axial force induced on a duct by a propulsor

The axial force induced on a duct (duct thrust) which surrounds a propulsor is, by means of an energy conservation argument, expressed in terms of the thrust and power of the propulsor and the kinetic energy losses per unit of time of the propulsor and the duct. Emphasis is put on the linear theory of an axisymmetric ducted actuator disk, where it is shown that the work done by the duct thrust is equal to the extra work done by the actuator disk when it is surrounded by the duct. This simplified model gives more insight into the interaction between the propeller and the duct and on the limits of linearization.     

组合式推进器干扰特性敞水试验评估分析新方法研究

以由导管、前置定子和转子构成的组合推进器敞水性能为研究对象,运用因子分析理论和分解试验方法,分析并建立了组合推进器各部件水动力相互干扰特征和敞水效率的表达与测量方法.针对CSSRC若干现存试验方案的试验数据,采用回归分析和方差分析方法,分析并建立了各种敞水性能评价指标与设计参数之间的相关关系,明确了对转子敞水效率有显著影响的设计参数仅仅是其负荷系数,而对相互干扰综合评价指标影响显著的仅仅是三个几何参数:导管出口面积比、前置定子特征安装角和转子特征螺距角.对典型情况下的敏感度和极值进行了分析,最终推荐该类组合推进器敞水性能的主参数优化策略为:先优化各部件的推力负荷分配,再优化部件之间的相互干扰特性.计算结果表明,与单独螺旋桨推进器相比,在同样的推力负荷下,干扰特性优化可使组合推进器敞水效率大幅度地提高.     

吊舱推进器在舰船推进系统中的发展现状及关键技术分析

作为新型推进系统之一,吊舱推进器凭借其特性和出色的表现在商业领域获得了较大的成功,并且逐渐向军事领域拓展。许多国家和研究机构都在集中力量对现有产品性能和吊舱创新设计展开研究。阐述了吊舱推进器的原理、结构、优缺点,列举了主要吊舱推进器的类型及特性,着重分析论述了其最新动态以及国内外最近研究项目及相关进展。在此基础上研究分析了吊舱推进器在舰船推进系统中应用的关键技术,并对未来的前景和研究方向做了一定的总结。