基于邻域相关的自适应中值滤波算法

为改善图像效果,在对现有的椒盐噪声自适应中值滤波算法分析的基础上,提出了基于邻域相关的自适应中值偏移滤波算法。算法对自适应中值滤波算法的处理过程进行改进。当滤波窗口大于设定的最大值时,根据像素点邻域内的像素点灰度值分布在不同的区间,将像素点灰度值的复原分为偏大或偏小两种情况。受污染像素点的滤波输出值为偏移的中值,偏移的距离根据改进的自适应中值滤波算法运行时滤波窗口的大小来决定。从仿真结果可见:该算法滤波后的图像具有较高的峰值信噪比,对图像细节的保留能力和抑制椒盐噪声的能力都有一定的提高。     

基于结构光的多投影显示系统图像对准算法

为了解决多投影显示系统的图像对准问题,提出了一种基于结构光投影技术的对准算法.该算法通过求取等相位线的交点来建立投影机图像与相机拍摄图像间的映射关系,对于投影机图像上任一像素点,有水平和垂直2个相位值.在相机图像的水平相位展开图中找出与该点水平相位值相等的离散坐标点的位置,拟合出一条水平等相位线,同理,可以得到它的一条垂直等相位线;求出水平和垂直等相位线的交点,即为该点对应于相机图像中的像素点.该算法无需知道显示墙的解析表达式和相机的内部参数,适用于任意光滑的曲面显示墙.对准后图像与原始图像的对比实验表明:峰值信噪比达到27.904,结构相似度为0.972 4,说明该算法能有效提高图像的对准精度.      

基于时频感知加权的车辆路面冲击声品质评价

为表征与量化人对路面冲击声的主观感受，首先，对减速带工况冲击非平稳噪声信号进行声时感知时长定义，同时根据人耳听声可辨性将声时历程分为冲击段、峰值段及衰减段；进而，以小波变换提取冲击噪声中的主冲击与多重微冲击特征信息，组成冲击声品质评价的基础特征阵；然后，类比峰值因子法定义频域滤波因子，并基于序关系分析法确定时变感知加权系数，组建时频滤波网络对基础特征阵加权且建立冲击声品质时频感知评价指标；最后，基于实车过减速带冲击噪声测试数据计算声品质指标，并进行对比验证.研究结果表明：所提时频感知加权评价指标与主观评价的相关系数在车速20 km/h时为0.927，在车速30 km/h时为0.922；在考虑路面冲击声声时历程全程评价时，经典的声品质评价指标（特征频带时变响度）与主观评价的相关系数在车速20 km/h时为0.933，在车速30 km/h时为0.649；所提时频感知加权评价方法对于车速为20 km/h与30 km/h的情况具有较好的适用性.     

基于HSI空间的模糊C均值彩色图像分割方法

给出了一种在HSI空间上基于模糊C均值的彩色图像分割方法．首先对每个像素根据H分量和I分量计算出4个隶属度,然后将其中的两个隶属度结合形成一个二雏特征矢量来表征像素的全部颜色特征,最后对二维矢量运用模糊C均值聚类算法得到最终的彩色图像分割结果．     

基于点特征和边缘特征的无人机影像配准方法

为解决变形较大的无人机影像配准问题,提出了点特征和边缘特征相结合的配准方法.用尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)算法提取点特征,完成影像的初步配准,并通过多项式函数对影像进行粗校正.在此基础上提取影像的边缘特征信息,根据距离相似性对边缘特征信息进行配准;依据色彩能量差筛选点特征信息配准结果和边缘特征信息配准结果,采用小面元微分校正的方法对变形影像进行校正.实验结果表明:提出的配准方法能够弥补点特征配准方法和边缘特征配准方法的不足,其配准的鲁棒性提高10%左右,可以较好地完成变形较大的无人机影像配准.      

基于噪声强度估计的中值滤波

为了提高中值滤波器的滤波性能和适应不同强度的椒盐噪声,提出了基于噪声强度估计的中值滤除算法.该算法通过椒盐噪声密度估计确定图像中的噪声强度的大小,然后根据噪声强度选择相应的滤波器及参数.计算机仿真实验结果表明:该算法能对未知噪声强度的退化图像在较短的时间内有效地去除噪声的同时,较好地保护图像细节.     

HIERARCHICAL CONTENT BASED IMAGE RETRIEVAL

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ICA based speckle filtering for target extraction in SAR images using adaptive space separation

A novel approach based on independent component analysis (ICA) for speckle filtering and target extraction of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is proposed using adaptive space separation with weighted information entropy (WIE) incorporated. First the basis and the independent components are respectively obtained by ICA technique, and WIE of the image is computed; then based on the threshold computed from function T-WIE (threshold versus weighted-information-entropy), independent components are adaptively separated and the bases are classified accordingly. Thus, the image space is separated into two subspaces: "clean" and "noise". Then, a proposed nonlinear operator ABO is applied on each component of the 'clean' subspace for further optimization. Finally, recovery image is obtained reconstructing this subspace and target is easily extracted with binarisation. Note that here T-WIE is an interpolated function based on several representative target SAR images using proposed space separation algorithm.     

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为了提高复杂环境下智能视频监控对运动目标跟踪的可靠性,提出一种基于改进的颜色特征和直方图更新的Mean-Shift跟踪算法.该算法利用像素点局部颜色变化作为跟踪目标像素点特征,弥补单一颜色值特征对目标表征的不足;并根据Mean-Shift跟踪结果和目标匹配程度对目标直方图进行更新,保证在目标姿态和大小发生变化时目标特征直方图的有效性.实验结果表明：与传统Mean-Shift算法相比,改进的颜色特征减小了相似背景像素对运动目标的干扰,目标直方图的更新提高了Mean-Shift算法对目标姿态和大小改变的鲁棒性.算法提高了基于颜色特征的Mean-Shift算法对复杂环境中运动目标进行实时跟踪的可靠性.     

基于灰度共生矩阵和单尺度MRF的纹理图像分割

为改善纹理图像分割效果,提出一种基于灰度共生矩阵和单尺度MRF的纹理图像分割方法．这种方法考虑到纹理信息在空间内的结构特征以及一个像素与周围像素作用的特性关系,采用灰度共生矩阵的几个二次统计量作为纹理特征向量,利用K-means聚类获得起始分割,然后联合建立MRF的特征场与标号场模型．实验表明,此方法提高了分割准确度与一致性．     

基于小波变换在图像去噪中应用

基于噪声是影响图像质量的重要因素.噪声的存在导致图像的某些特征细节不能被辨识,图像信噪比下降.本文将小波阈值去噪与维纳滤波结合起来,在小波域进行维纳滤波.设计了双小波基维纳滤波器,采用两路小波变换,对静态图像和动态影像进行去噪实验,结果表明改进的小波域去噪方法相比其他方法能够获得较好的视觉效果和较高的信噪比.     

Saliency motivated pulse coupled neural network for underwater laser image segmentation

The detection range of underwater laser imaging technology achieves 4—6 times of detection range of conventional camera in intervening water medium, which makes it very promising in oceanic research, deep sea exploration and robotic works. However, the special features in underwater laser images, such as speckle noise and non-uniform illumination, bring great difficulty for image segmentation. In this paper, a novel saliency motivated pulse coupled neural network(SM-PCNN) is proposed for underwater laser image segmentation. The pixel saliency is used as external stimulus of neurons. For improvement of convergence speed to optimal segmentation, a gradient descent method based on maximum two-dimensional Renyi entropy criterion is utilized to determine the dynamic threshold. On the basis of region contrast in each iteration step, the real object regions are effectively distinguished,and the robustness against speckle noise and non-uniform illumination is improved by region selection. The proposed method is compared with four other state-of-the-art methods which are watershed, fuzzy C-means, meanshift and normalized cut methods. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method to allow more accurate segmentation and higher robustness.     

基于数字图像技术的露石混凝土表面构造研究

运用数字图像技术实现了露石混凝土路面(EACCP)图像像素值量化计算,建立了露石表面像素差平均值与构造深度的关系模型;通过采集的数字图像计算分析了露石表面构造深度,评价了EACCP露石表面构造质量。实例分析表明:数字图像技术的露石表面构造检测方法,能方便快捷地进行露石路表构造深度检测,有利于实现测量工作的连续化。     

Algorithm based on morphological component analysis and scale-invariant feature transform for image registration

In this paper, we proposed a registration method by combining the morphological component analysis (MCA) and scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm. This method uses the perception dictionaries, and combines the Basis-Pursuit algorithm and the Total-Variation regularization scheme to extract the cartoon part containing basic geometrical information from the original image, and is stable and unsusceptible to noise interference. Then a smaller number of the distinctive key points will be obtained by using the SIFT algorithm based on the cartoon part of the original image. Matching the key points by the constrained Euclidean distance, we will obtain a more correct and robust matching result. The experimental results show that the geometrical transform parameters inferred by the matched key points based on MCA+SIFT registration method are more exact than the ones based on the direct SIFT algorithm.     

Color image segmentation by edge linking and region grouping

A novel method toward color image segmentation is proposed based on edge linking and region grouping. Firstly, the edges extracted by the Canny detector are linked to form regions. Each of the end points of edges is connected by a direct line to the nearest pixel on another edge segment within a sub-window. A new distance is defined based on the feature that the edge tends to preserve its original direction. By sampling the lines to the image, the image is over-segmented to labeled regions. Secondly, the labeled regions are grouped both locally and globally. A decision tree is constructed to decide the importance of properties that affect the merging procedure. Finally, the result is refined by user’s selection of regions that compose the desired object. Experiments show that the method can effectively segment the object and is much faster than the state-of-the-art color image segmentation methods.     

基于灰色关联的数字图像去噪研究

在图像去噪过程中为了既能获得较好的去噪效果，又能更好地保护图像细节，运用灰色系统理论的灰关联度的思想提出了一种基于灰色关联的加权均值滤波器．尝试了将灰色理论中的灰色关联用于图像的均值去噪，对均值滤波器的权值加以优化．实验表明，该算法使图像处理效果比传统的均值滤波效果有所提高。     

基于MS-RG混合图像分割模型的道路检测研究

道路场景因其结构的多样性、纹理变化的复杂性和自然曝光的不稳定性,使得传统基于道路分割的道路检测方法大多存在信息冗余,并且存在边界丢失、模糊等质量问题.本文首先在道路图像上使用 Meanshift均值漂移算法,通过空间内的概率密度呈梯形上升去寻找局部最优,并搜索属于同一模点的像素然后生成获得超像素块.然后利用 Meanshift算法获得的聚类超像素块进行多种子点区域生长,规范生长规则,克服不能得到封闭边界的缺陷,改进道路图像的分割效果.实验结果表明,本文提出的模型适用性强,相比于传统方法有效地提升了分割准确性和实时性,可准确识别出图像中的道路信息,确保车辆能够行驶在可行驶区域上.     

融合边缘检测与区域生长的交通图像分割方法

在交通监控中,如何从复杂的背景中分割运动物体是至关重要的一步,针对车辆的运动阴影对图像分割产生的不利影响,提出了一种新的融合边缘检测与区域生长的彩色图像分割算法,算法同时考虑了图像的彩色信息和空间信息.该算法首先对彩色图像边缘检测,并根据检测结果设置种子像素;再基于颜色相似性生长准则,结合边缘检测结果,对每个种子点进行区域生长;最后,利用区域合并算法对剩余的像素进行合并.实验结果表明该算法很大程度上克服了阴影给图像分割带来的不利影响.     

Automatic Identification of Butterfly Species Based on Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix Features of Image Block

In recent years, automatic identification of butterfly species arouses more and more attention in different areas. Because most of their larvae are pests, this research is not only meaningful for the popularization of science but also important to the agricultural production and the environment. Texture as a notable feature is widely used in digital image recognition technology; for describing the texture, an extremely effective method, graylevel co-occurrence matrix(GLCM), has been proposed and used in automatic identification systems. However,according to most of the existing works, GLCM is computed by the whole image, which likely misses some important features in local areas. To solve this problem, this paper presents a new method based on the GLCM features extruded from three image blocks, and a weight-based k-nearest neighbor(KNN) search algorithm used for classifier design. With this method, a butterfly classification system works on ten butterfly species which are hard to identify by shape features. The final identification accuracy is 98%.     

基于高斯混合部件模型的铁路扣件检测

针对采集图像中铁路扣件存在形状的变化、扣件图像的光照差异较大和扣件被异物局部遮挡的问题,根据对可变形部件模型算法和高斯混合模型的研究,提出了高斯混合部件模型算法. 结合扣件图像边缘特性及改进的Roberts算子计算图像梯度,将归一化后的方向梯度直方图特征作为高斯混合部件模型算法的底层特征,根据扣件形状划分部件,部件之间的相对位置采用星型连接方式度量,运用余弦相似性度量部件中方向梯度直方图特征的相似度,部件模型使用高斯混合模型并采用期望最大化算法迭代求解. 将高斯混合部件模型算法应用于扣件检测中,最终平均检测效果为漏检率3.16%、误检率9.80%、正确率90.27%.