翅片套管式冷凝热回收换热器传热特性分析

一种翅片套管式空调冷凝热回收换热器,能同时实现风冷和对空调冷凝热进行回收。通过ANSYS-FLUENT软件对换热器在未进行热回收状态下传热管内部的温度场进行了分析,结果显示换热器内管中的流体温度随着夹层管中制冷的剂温度变化而变化,换热器传热管内管中的流体及内管结构不会减弱空气对夹层管内制冷剂的冷却效果;使用了MATLAB对风冷、水冷两种途径的传热情况进行了计算分析,发现随着内管中水速的增加,风速逐渐减小,风机功耗降低。因此,该热回收换热器具有可行性和很高的实用价值。     

滑油散热器的动态特性分析

建立了由燃油滑油散热器和空气滑油散热器组成的散热器网络,并建立了板翅式换热器动态数学模型。通过燃油流量与滑油温度的阶跃变化,模拟了过渡过程中温度场的动态响应,揭示了滑油温度在过渡过程中的变化特征。设计了三股流换热器,将燃油、滑油、空气置于同一个换热器中进行热量交换,对三股流换热器的动态响应进行了分析。同时分析了流体组织与通道排列对多股流换热器效能的影响。结果表明:三股流换热器具有较高的换热效率和较短的过渡时间;采用冷热流体逆流布置和通道对称排列能降低滑油出口温度。     

污垢对地表水换热系统的性能影响

污垢是热的不良导体,污垢热阻的存在,不仅使得换热器传热效率大大降低,还会增加流体的传输能耗,有时甚至会带来生产隐患。运用传热学基本理论,分析了地表水换热系统中污垢对管壳式换热器(水—水,无相变)传热性能的影响变化,并针对一次冷却水系统提出了阻垢对策。     

船用滑动轴承冷却性能数值仿真与实验研究

滑动轴承是船舶推进系统的重要组成部件,开展滑动轴承工作性能研究对保证船舶正常运行具有非常重要的意义。本文以某型滑动轴承为研究对象,分别建立滑动轴承冷却盘管流动与换热数值模型以及轴瓦流体润滑数值模型。基于UDF技术将流体润滑模型所得到的轴承摩擦热作为边界条件施加在盘管换热器传热模型中,建立滑动轴承冷却盘管流体传热与滑动轴承轴瓦流体润滑耦合数值模型。基于该耦合模型,对标定转速工况下盘管式换热器换热性能进行分析,并与实验数据进行对比。研究结果表明,所建立的滑动轴承流体换热与流体润滑耦合模型具有较好的计算精度,该盘管式换热系统满足设计要求。     

高桩框架式码头结构的温度效应影响分析

随着国内三峡大坝蓄水工程、白鹤滩水电站的建设，大坝上游的河道水位变化增大，导致高桩框架式码头的框架高度增加，其结构段尺寸也随之增加，温度对结构的影响随着结构尺寸的增加而增大。结合云南省东川港建设项目一期工程格勒旅游中心码头工程，采用ANSYS有限元软件建立温度应力作用下的高桩框架式码头实体模型，研究温度变化对结构造成的不利影响，同时研究了水平撑对结构温度效应的影响。结果表明：季节性升温后，结构最不利位置位于上层梁及顶板下部，该区域拉应力较大，可能出现混凝土拉裂破坏；季节性降温后，结构最不利位置位于底梁；在结构中设置水平撑能够有效降低结构的温度应力。     

船用螺旋管换热器热工及水动力特性数值研究

为明晰船用螺旋管换热器内流体流动传热规律及其流致振动特性,提高运行效率及安全性能。本文建立船用螺旋管换热器三维模型,采用流固耦合方法进行换热器热工及水动力特性数值模拟,借助流致振动预测方法计算得到与流致振动密切相关的流体冲击能量变化特性。计算结果表明,螺旋管上、下游管间出现回流现象,极易导致杂质沉积;螺旋管上、下管壁对流传热系数小,管壁温度高,易诱发爆管现象;基于流体冲击能量变化特性,流体能量在螺旋管区域呈波峰值,且螺旋管侧管壁冲击能量高于上、下管壁,可以预测螺旋管侧管壁承受流致振动破坏较严重,实际试验数据验证了本文数值结果。     

降低船用闪蒸式淡化装置中的结垢和腐蚀的方法

船用多级闪蒸式淡化装置,其舷外海水在蓄热系统,即在冷凝器和管壳式蒸汽预热器中进行预热。由于给水温度基本上确定了结垢强度、垢的成份及其结构,因此对船用采用较低的温度,即75～80℃。具有碳酸钙结构之碳酸盐成份的垢,最适合于这种温度。船用之沉淀物的化学分析表明,沉淀物中除碳酸盐外,镁垢约占30％。如图1所示的冷凝器和预热中所形的成具有一定厚度的沉淀物,证实了结垢强度随温度增高而增大。在热强度最大的换热器,即三级闪蒸式淡化装置的预热器中,给水温度和垢层     

适用船舶自流冷却系统中冷却器的工程设计研究

针对船舶自流冷却系统对冷却器要求的特点,对各种间壁式换热器的优缺点进行了分析,并结合热工理论计算,确定了冷却器宜采用小管径换热管的钛合金管壳式换热器,获得了小管径换热管数量与不同航速、冷却流体流动状态的设计关系,且基于热工计算结果表明了结构优化方向。采用 CFD技术对两管程流体流场进行了数值模拟优化分析,获得了后端管箱封头a/b的最佳值。实船工程试验结果验证了本文分析设计和优化方法的可靠性。     

板壳式换热器的热工特性

针对板壳式换热器热工特性，分析比较壁面温度测定法、等雷诺数法、威尔逊法和等流速法等方法的适用性，最终确定采用等流速法进行实验研究及数据拟合。通过试验拟合得到的传热准则关系式，计算出传热系数的相对误差。结果表明：所得到的关系式计算得到的误差较小，可作为板壳式换热器传热计算依据。     

基于流固耦合的U型管流致振动数值分析

利用ANSYS＋CFX双向耦合的方法对换热器U型管的流致振动问题进行仿真分析。分别建立大涡模拟的流体控制方程和结构振动的控制方程,得到掠过U型管流体的升力系数、阻力系数曲线以及U型管振动加速度级谱线。分析表明,结构振动的主要频率成分在流体升力和阻力变化频率和结构本身的固有频率附近,可为工程实践提供参考,具有理论和实践价值。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。