A New Approach to Evidence Combination and Its Application to Targets Recognition in Image Sequence

The classical Dempster's combination rule is the most popular rule of combinations,but it is a poor solution for the management of the evidence conflict at the normalization step.When deal with high conflict information it can even involve counter-intuitive results.Based on evidence distance,some inherent characters of evidences are extracted,and discount method to combine conflicting evidence was proposed.The discount method can be also used to fuse image sequences to recognize targets.Examples show that the proposed method can provide reasonable results with good convergence efficiency.     

A Dynamic Job Scheduling Algorithm for Parallel System

One of the fundamental problems in parallel and distributed systems is deciding how to allocate jobs to processors. The goals of job scheduling in a parallel environment are to minimize the parallel execution time of a job and try to balance the user‘s desire with the system‘s desire. The users always want their jobs be completed as quickly as possible, while the system wants to service as many jobs as possible. In this paper, a dynamic job-scheduling algorithm was introduced. This algorithm tries to utilize the information of a practical system to allo-cate the jobs more evenly. The communication time between the processor and scheduler is overlapped with the computation time of the processor. So the communication overhead can he little. The principle of scheduling the job is based on the desirability of each processor. The scheduler would not allocate a new job to a processor that is already fully utilized. The execution efficiency of the system will he increased. This algorithm also can he reused in other complex algorithms.     

Identification of hydrodynamic forces on a flexible pipe near plane boundary subjected to vortex-induced vibrations

Formally,use of system identification techniques to estimate the forces acting on the beam may give information on hydrodynamic forces due to vortex-induced vibrations(VIVs),but no results from such attempts for submarine pipeline spans have been reported.In this study,a pipe model with a mass ratio(mass/displaced mass) of 2.62 is tested in a current tank.The gap ratios(gap to pipe diameter ratio) at the pipe ends are 2.0,4.0, 6.0 and 8.0.The response of the model is measured using optical fiber strain gauges.A modal approach linked to a finite element method is used to estimate the hydrodynamic forces from measurement.The hydrodynamic force at the dominant response frequency is the major concern,and the lift force and added mass coefficients are calculated.Response calculations are performed using force coefficients from the inverse force analysis and the calculated results are in accordance with the experimental data.     

A bintree energy approach for colour image segmentation using adaptive channel selection

A new hierarchical approach called bintree energy segmentation was presented for color image segmentation. The image features are extracted by adaptive clustering on multi-channel data at each level and used as the criteria to dynamically select the best chromatic channel, where the segmentation is carried out. In this approach, an extended direct energy computation method based on the Chan-Vese model was proposed to segment the selected channel, and the segmentation outputs are then fused with other channels into new images, from which a new channel with better features is selected for the second round segmentation. This procedure is repeated until the preset condition is met. Finally, a binary segmentation tree is formed, in which each leaf represents a class of objects with a distinctive color. To facilitate the data organization, image background is employed in segmentation and channels fusion. The bintree energy segmentation exploits color information involved in all channels data and tries to optimize the global segmentation result by choosing the ＂best＂ channel for segmentation at each level. The experiments show that the method is effective in speed, accuracy and flexibility.     

Finite Element Optimization of Vee-ring Factor in Fine-blanking Process

The vee-ring is one of the most characteristic features of the fine-blanking process which is derived from the conventional blanking. With the vee-ring, a counter plate and some other working parameters, a component with a precise geometry and smoothly blanked surface can be produced without any major secondary operations. However, these working parameters are always empirically determined or determined by trial-and-error method, which is time-consuming and expensive. In this study, a numerical simulation method was used to analyze the effect of vee-ring factors on product quality, such as distance between vee-ring and punch, vee-ring height and blank holder force, so as to obtain as high clean cut ratio as possible. During the simulation, the model was assumed as axisymmetric one and the workpiece was considered as rigid plastic material, meanwhile the tools were defined as rigid bodies so as to shorten the computational time. A damage model taking into account the influence of hydrostatic stress was used to simulate material fracture in fine-blanking. The result obtained from the simulation indicated that with the help of vee-ring, the metal material near the shear band does not flow with the punch penetration and high compressive stress in the shear band is generated. Consequently, higher clean cut ratio can be obtained with a vee-ring model than the one obtained with a plane blank holder model. Furthermore, the longer the distance between vee-ring and punch is, the higher the height of roll-over becomes.     

Zero Waste and Conversion Efficiencies of Various Technologies for Disposal of Municipal Solid Waste

Zero waste is a philosophy and a design principle of dealing with our waste stream for the 21st century. After reviewing the available information, the goal of zero waste from landfill is considered to be unachievable by using known and proven methods and approaches. The comparison of various technologies shows that the conversion efficiencies depend upon the type of system chosen for processing residual waste, and the best overall diversion rate of waste management system that can be achieved is about 71%. The maximum achievable overall diversion rate can be increased to approximate 92% if current environmental regulations to permit the routine use of the bottom ash or char for advanced thermal technologies.     

Region of interest based selective encryption scheme for privacy protection in H.264 video

A selective encryption scheme for region of interest （ROI） of H.264 video is proposed to protect the personal privacy in a video. The most important part of video can be protected with less cost and operation by only encrypting the content of ROIs. Human face regions are selected as ROI and detected by using Gaussian skin color model. Independent ROI encoding is realized with the mechanism of flexible macro-block ordering （FMO）. Frames are divided into grid-like slice-groups which can be combined flexibly to form a required ROI. Both luminance component and chrominance component of the macro-blocks in ROI are modified to achieve good encryption quality and location accuracy. In the process of decryption, the encrypted area is located automatically. There is no need to transmit additional position information of ROIs to the end of decryption. The encrypted video is decrypted correctly with the secret key. JM18.4 software is employed to perform the simulation experiment. Experimental results show the accuracy and effectiveness of our scheme to encrypt and decrypt the ROIs in H.264 video.     

Limit analysis for reinforced concrete rectangular members under bending,shear and torsion

The ultimate strength of reinforced concrete （RC） rectangular members subjected to combined bending, shear and torsion is obtained from the limit analysis proposed in the present paper. Based on a warped failure surface determined by external loads, and a reasonable assumed stress distribution balancing external loads but not violating the yield condition, the bending-shear-torsion interaction can be derived from equilibrimn conditions. According to the definition of lower-bound theorem in limit analysis, the calculated ultimate loads will be carried safely by the structure. The present method is a simple approach to obtain carrying capacities for RC elements under complex external loads. After comparing with the test results, a good agreement has been observed. The present method can be extended to explain the failure mechanism of RC members subjected to axial loads, and it is possible to develop a simple unified theory of RC members for engineering.     

Real-time life-cycle modular design method based on game theory for jack-up

AbstractTo study an entity the entire jack-up performs as a total system with close interdependency and high level of integration of a myriad of subsystems supporting each individual function.All subsystems should be arranged in regular geometric space with clear regional division according to their respective functions.The "building block"such as arrangement makes it feasible to apply modular design method while the integration and conflicts among subsystems offer an arena for game theoretic analysis.All the contradictions between subsystems should be resolved bye the designer.Here we present a game theoretic analysis methodology,which based on the basic principles of game theory,through the establishment of matrix-mode game models to describe and analyze engineering design tasks.By using this method the optimization process in various fields of expertise can be effectively coordinated and controlled,and the parallel design patterns can be achieved to some extent.Taking account of the impact of commercial or technical activities in platform’s life cycle,time line is considered in the early stage of design process which provides more convenience for effcient upgrade and reconfiguration.Some second-hand three-legged jack-up upgrade design process is used as an example to illustrate the utility of the method.     

Distributed model predictive control with one-step delay communication for large-scale systems and a case study

A distributed model predictive control（MPC） scheme with one-step delay communication is proposed for on-line optimization and control of large-scale systems in this paper. Cooperation between subsystems is achieved by exchanging information with neighbor-to-neighbor communication and by optimizing the local problem with the improved performance index in the neighborhood. A distributed MPC algorithm with one-step delay communication is developed for the situation that there is a one-step delay in the information available from its neighbors when a subsystem solves the local optimization problem. The nominal stability is employed for the whole system under the distributed MPC algorithm without the inequality constraints. Finally, the case study of the reactor-storage-separator（RSS） system is illustrated to test the practicality of the presented control algorithm.     

房地产企业战略联盟行为的博弈分析

针对我国当前房地产企业战略联盟行为的发展新趋势,从博弈论视角阐述了房地产企业战略联盟行为的演进路径.首先运用古诺模型和伯特兰德模型分析了房地产企业战略联盟动因,然后从参与人有限理性出发,基于演化博弈建立了相应的数学模型,探讨了企业战略联盟的长期进化趋势,最后结合目前我国房地产市场现状对联盟模式进行了分析,并针对性地提出了相应的措施和建议     

联合运输利益分配策略

为了组建稳定、协调的联合运输联盟,从博弈的角度出发,以动态联盟理论为基础,建立了联合运输利益分配模型,并根据主导企业对盟友的依赖程度不同设计出不同的模型求解方法,得出不同的利益分配策略。普通盟友通过市场加价,甚至市场直接购买的方式进行利益分配,而战略盟友则根据盟员的贡献及风险分担程度确定利益分配系数。实例分析表明通过这种分配策略,主导企业的运输经营收入在四年内增加了118．46万元,货运准确率提高了15％。     

广告和服务投入及价格选择的多维博弈分析

根据现代企业在市场竞争中的特点，建立了2个企业在市场上同时进行产品广告、服务和产品价格选择的多维博弈模型，并求得其均衡解．对均衡解的分析表明，企业确定产品广告和服务投入以及价格选择时，应从上述3方面综合考虑，选择最优的策略向量，以使企业的利润最大化．     

广告、服务及价格选择的动态多维博弈

根据动态多维博弈理论，建立了两个企业在市场上关于产品广告、服务和价格选择的完全信息动态多维博弈模型，并求得了最优均衡解。设所得的均衡解中相应的参数为零，即可得到关于广告．价格或服务．价格的二维博弈的均衡。均衡解表明，静态和动态多维博弈均衡解的特征与一维博弈解的特征具有一致性．     

考虑品牌忠诚度的追随品跨周期质量与定价决策

国际知名时尚品牌通常以其较高的质量和独特的文化价值吸引和培育众多忠诚顾客，国内同类本土品牌在追随时面临顾客黏性以及策略性消费行为的影响，如何突破既有的壁垒，吸引策略型顾客购买性价比高的本土品牌产品成为了重要课题. 为此，基于时尚产品价值衰减的假设，构建了两周期竞争企业的策略性博弈模型，分析了追随企业该如何决策追随品的质量与价格. 研究表明:原品顾客忠诚度越高，对其需求越有利，但对其利润却不总是有利；给定原品贬值程度，若消费者策略性较弱，追随品的利润反而可能随原品忠诚度递增，这是因为追随品价格随顾客忠诚度递增的正效应大于市场需求随之递减的负效应，促使追随品利润递增；作为追随品，收益并不是随与原品的相似度单调递增，应当保留一定程度的品牌原创性才能实现利润最大化.      

供应链中供需协调及数量折扣定价模型

在非合作博弈条件下，供应链中的供需双方独立确定各自的最优批量，虽然其中一方处于最优决策之中，但整个供应链系统未达到最优，为使供应链得到优化、供需双方达到双赢的目的，提出了供需双方合作博弈条件下的最优批量及数量折扣定价模型，据此，可计算折扣的取值范围，再根据供需双方博弈力量以及对供应链业绩的贡献，即可确定合理的价格折扣。     

基于演化博弈的高速路收费通道选择研究

收费广场拥堵严重影响了高速路的通行效率和安全畅通.为找到驾驶员路径选择博弈的稳定策略,以更好地诱导驾驶员合理选择收费通道,提高收费站通行效率,缓解高速路收费广场拥堵问题,本文以驾驶员为研究对象,运用演化博弈的方法,通过“鹰鸽博弈”模型分析,建立收益矩阵,得到在不同成本条件下的两个演化稳定策略,并借助 MATLAB软件和仿真演化的路径分析,验证了驾驶员在选择收费通道博弈中存在均衡点的分析结果.研究表明,存在混合策略是博弈的均衡点,诱导驾驶员的策略选择向均衡点靠近,能均衡各收费通道的车流量,有效减少收费广场的拥堵现象.     

农村物流末端共配联盟演化博弈及稳定性研究

针对农村物流小批量分散化特点，构建农村物流共同配送联盟演化博弈模型和基于系统动力学的联盟演化仿真模型，揭示农村物流共同配送联盟在自组织环境下系统内各方决策行为特征及其稳定状态。结果表明：农村物流共同配送联盟运行受到联盟超额收益、联盟罚金、声誉损失、建设运营成本等多种因素的综合影响，联盟收益分配机制及成本分担机制直接关系企业在联盟内的决策行为。联盟超额收益大小是农村物流共同配送联盟成功运行的关键因素，超额收益的分配机制会对企业参与联盟决策行为产生直接影响，联盟运行维护成本是促使物流企业偏离联盟的重要因素，而联盟罚金及声誉损失对企业偏离联盟有很好的约束作用。优惠的财税支持、合理的联盟激励约束机制是促进农村物流共同配送联盟快速发展和稳定运行的有效举措。     

出行者出行方式选择行为的重复博弈分析

利用博弈理论,建立了出行者出行方式选择行为的博弈模型,并将一次博弈模型扩展至重复博弈模型.通过分析得到出行者合作策略稳定运行的条件,即当博弈方都比较注重长远利益的情况下会选择合作策略.由于出行者在进行博弈时,可能会“犯错误”,因此建立了具有颤抖效应的重复博弈模型,给出了博弈方在可能犯错情况下的收益,这种情况更符合实际,通过分析得到了在博弈方都比较注重长远利益的情况下均会采取触发策略.本文从理论上建立了有效地激励出行者选择公交车出行的决策机制、激励惩罚机制,并针对目前的公共交通现状给出了相应的对策与建议,以期为公共交通建设创新提供依据.     

多寡头供应商横向联盟的综合博弈机制研究

近年来,产业寡头垄断供应商为同业竞争者服务的现象日益普遍,寡头供应商之间的合作型竞争关系开始成为供应链研究的新领域.本文应用Bernd价格竞争模型,以3家成本差异的寡头供应商为研究对象,分析了成本差异的垄断供应商之间联盟的建立与博弈机制,阐释了寡头供应商为同业竞争者服务的动机与经济效益.研究表明,供应商成本差异程度与替代系数是决定联盟能否建立的关键因素,实现联盟利益最大化的单位服务费用与联盟供应商的议价能力无关.