青藏公路茶卡至诺木洪段路域生态环境现状研究

为评估青藏公路建设对公路沿线生态环境的影响程度,借助遥感(RS)与地理信息系统(GIS),对青藏公路茶卡至诺木洪段公路两侧300m范围内的土壤类型、植被情况、野生动物分布、土地利用情况和土壤侵蚀情况进行调查和研究。结果表明,公路沿线区域河流数量很少,水热条件差,植被自我恢复能力较弱,植被覆盖度中等,荒漠化严重,生物多样性为一般水平。     

扎（木）墨（脱）公路病害分析与处治

文章结合扎墨简易公路便道整修工程实践，介绍了扎墨公路沿线地质的工程特性、分类以及该路线上的公路病害情况，提出了相应的病害处治措施及在扎墨公路沿线区域进行公路工程施工应注意的问题。     

国道345线杂多至查吾拉段多年冻土地质踏勘

本文通过对国道345线杂多-查旦乡-查吾拉段公路沿线多年冻土地质情况的现场踏勘,依据踏勘结果分析,初步估计了该路段沿线多年冻土分布情况及主要特征,为沿线多年冻土勘察设计提供基础依据,并为路线设计提供理论参考。     

天山公路路域生态恢复方法探讨

本文针对天山公路沿线的生态环境特点,综合分析了公路改扩建对生态环境造成的影响,运用生态恢复的理念,根据边坡所属的不同地貌类型和不同的地质条件,对公路沿线的气候特征、植被状况、土壤情况进行详细分析的基础上,对天山公路沿线的边坡和取弃土场,因地制宜的采取相适应的恢复措施进行了方法和理论探讨。     

蒙山至金田公路地质灾害危险性评估及防治措施

文章结合蒙山至金田公路建设项目工程实例,针对该项目地质环境条件,对公路沿线地质灾害危险性进行了预测评估,并提出了相应的灾害防治措施,为类似工程地质灾害危险性评估提供参考。     

中国公路沿线景观雕塑设计科学化路径及策略研究

公路沿线雕塑在公路整体景观中占有重要地位,受众面广,且有自身鲜明特性。但目前国内对此重视程度远远不足,不仅制约了文化建设,而且由于认识深度不够导致错误建设,造成舆论争议、资源浪费甚至安全隐患。本文通过一个国内失败案例和一个海外成功案例对比分析,总结出公路沿线景观雕塑建设实践操作路径及制度层面策略,以提升中国公路沿线景观建设的科学水平。     

青莱高速公路马莱段设计中的环境保护措施

公路设计阶段环境保护措施是保护公路沿线环境和改善公路沿线环境的重要组成部分.介绍了青莱高速公路马莱段设计阶段在路线、路基、互通式立体交叉、施工组织设计等方面的环境保护措施.     

天棚~江仓公路多年冻土类型浅析

介绍了天棚~江仓公路沿线存在的多年冻土类型,为后期公路设计与施工提供了参考意见。     

广西公路地质灾害智能监测系统研究

为实现智能化管理与监控预警,文章对广西干线公路典型地质灾害数据进行空间数据库建设整理,并应用ArcGIS的空间数据统一管理和组织功能,拓展系统预警和敏感性分析模型的应用范围,建立了一个比较完善的、面向公路沿线的地质灾害监测预警管理系统,为及时了解公路地质灾害的发生与发展情况、针对性地采取防治及预警对策、降低损失和保障公路安全营运提供技术支持手段.     

青海省干线公路沿线路用石料调查

石料是土木建筑工程中最主要的材料之一,石料使用质量的好坏,直接影响土木建筑工程的使用性能。不同种类的石料其技术特点也有所差异。因此,调查全省干线公路沿线石料分布情况,对以后公路科研、规划、设计、施工和养护都有很重要的意义。     

Evaluating speed consistency between successive elements of a two-lane rural highway

The V₈₅ speed reflects the 85th percentile speed of vehicles in a traffic stream passing a given element on the highway section. The large amount of speed differential in V₈₅ between the two successive elements along a highway reflects lack of speed consistency in the highway section. This lack of speed consistency can result in increased crash risk. Recent research points to several problems associated with the conventional method of measuring ΔV₈₅ between successive highway elements: (1) failure to reflect individual vehicle speed profiles; and (2) failure to account for inter-dependence in individual vehicle speeds between successive elements. These problems have serious implications for justifying safety treatment when conventional ΔV₈₅ measure is applied. A number of researchers have suggested that the estimated speed differential based on individual vehicle speed profiles in successive elements is significantly higher than that obtained using the conventional approach. In this paper, we assess the safety implications of using the conventional ΔV₈₅ and introduce a hierarchical model for considering individual vehicles speed consistency. These findings lead to important implications for introducing engineering treatments to improve safety along in two-lane rural highways based on the criteria of speed consistency.     

京沪高速公路改扩建岩质高边坡病害诱因分析

为研究高速公路改扩建沿线高边坡病害诱因,本文依托京沪高速改扩建工程,采用理论分析和现场调研分析了边坡形态、地层岩性、地质构造等工程地质条件、降雨、地震、地应力等自然因素特征以及机械开挖、爆破开挖、植被破坏、人工堆载等人类工程活动等病害诱因对边坡稳定性的影响。并以此为基础,提出边坡施工开挖过程中相应的施工建议。     

Design and evaluation of an automated highway system with optimized lane assignment

Highway automation entails the application of control, sensing and communication technologies to road vehicles, with the objective of improving highway performance. It has been envisioned that automation could increase highway capacity by a factor of three. The purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology for predicting highway capacity and comparing alternative automation concepts. It extends earlier research on optimal lane assignment on an automated highway to dynamic networks. A path-based linear program is formulated and solved through a column generation method. The algorithm has been applied to networks with as many as 20 on and off ramps, 80 segments, 4 lanes and 12 time periods.     

一级公路交叉口设计中的交通安全问题及对策

一级干线公路由于开口较多,不可避免地存在较多的交通安全问题.文章以湖北荆监一级公路为例,针对交叉口设计中的交通安全典型问题,提出了改善方法及相关对策.     

New highways and land use change: Results from a quasi-experimental research design

Understanding links from new highway construction or capacity expansion to regional growth patterns is crucial for transportation planners and policy makers. In this paper, we incorporate a lagged adjustment regional growth model into a quasi-experimental research design to examine the association between new highway investments and land use change in three California counties. Our study areas provide a mix of urban, small town, and exurban highway projects in order to explore the different effects across project types and geographic contexts. The central finding of this research is that while improvements in surface transportation infrastructure can have large impacts on growth patterns, the nature of the effect depends on the context of the highway investment.     

公路隧道交通安全措施探索

保障公路隧道的交通安全不仅事关隧道内司乘人员的生命安全,对隧道本身的结构安全同样有很大的影响。从公路隧道的总体设计、交通工程设施、防火、隧道内装、洞口增减光设施、火灾的预防与救援、隧道的运营管理、宣传教育和交通法规等多方面对影响公路隧道交通安全的因素和相关措施进行了探讨,旨在为公路隧道交通安全措施的研究提供一些思路。     

基于熵权法的旅游公路景观评价指标权重研究

公路景观评价是衡量公路工程对环境影响程度的标准。文章使用熵权法来研究旅游公路景观综合评价中各指标的重要性,建立了评价指标体系和熵权模型,并针对公路景观构成要素设计指标的重要性进行问卷调查计算分析。结果表明,沿线生态环境类指标是旅游公路评价中最重要的指标,其次是公路设计要素类指标,最后是路域文化景观类指标。     

A Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Model applied to the management of the environmental restoration of paved highways

This paper presents a procedure for ranking environmentally valid highway restoration by priority, using a Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Model that supports decisions on which road segments require these works and services. This is a matter of much concern for the Brazilian Government, due to rising awareness of soil degradation and the depletion of plant cover, as accident rates and transport costs rise steadily. The criteria used are: risk of accidents, economic and strategic importance, environmental degradation and the risk of erosion and landslides along the highway. In order to apply the proposed model, an example compares two highway segments, conducting sensitivity analyses through weighting the sub-criteria and criteria.     

高速公路路面径流及路侧水质污染研究

文章针对目前岩溶地区高速公路运营期路面径流及路侧水质的污染情况,以衡枣高速公路为实例进行研究,表明SS是公路路面径流的主要污染物,公路两侧水质污染离子浓度随着与公路距离的增加而呈降低趋势,并提出了相应的防治措施。     

公路绿化与环保的研究分析

为推动公路建设水平,确保公路正常运营和沿线生态环境可持续发展,文章总结了公路绿化的特点和功能,从安全性、经济性、生物多样性、景观性等方面分析了公路绿化设计的原则,并探讨了公路中央分隔带、路基边坡、互通立交、服务区的绿化设计内容,从公路环保的重要性,认知公路环保的内容、功能及意义,并多方角度的加以分析和采取措施,达到预期效果,把建设和环境紧密协调统一。并对公路环保的设计理念、评价指标、评价方法及施工阶段的环保措施进行了论述。