基于AutoSEA2的声呐自噪声水动力分量分析

利用基于统计能量分析法的声仿真软件AutoSEA2分析湍流边界层激励下水下航行器声呐腔自噪声水动力分量。采用一种新的回转体模型模拟声呐罩,重点讨论了空间分布不均匀的湍流边界层对声呐罩的输入功率的计算。利用Fluent软件计算边界层的分离点及一些重要参数。分析结果可作为空间不均匀湍流边界层激励下声呐腔自噪声工程估算的参考。     

空间不均匀湍流边界层激励下声呐腔自噪声统计能量分析

利用统计能量分析法建立了湍流边界层激励下水下航行器声呐腔自噪声水动力分量的计算模型。采用一种新的回转体模型模拟声呐罩，重点讨论空间分布不均匀的湍流边界层对声呐罩的输入功率的计算及统计能量分析参数的确定，利用Fluent软件计算边界层的分离点及一些重要参数。最后给出了一具体的算例。可作为空间不均匀湍流边界层激励下声呐腔自噪声的工程估算的参考。     

潜艇的三维厚边界层研究

建立了三维湍流边界层及尾流的动量积分方程,通过算例将计算结果与Gadd的结果进行比较和分析,验证了该方法的可靠性.在潜艇的粘性边界层计算过程中,应用了在势流理论基础上建立起来的艇体表面流线坐标系,对潜艇周围的三维厚边界层进行研究,得到了潜艇边界层及尾流的特征参数,给出了附体(围壳和尾翼)对特征参数的影响.在考虑排挤影响后,艇体采用等价源方法而尾流采用等价假想体法,通过势流计算得到潜艇表面的压力分布.     

喷水推进船舶边界层影响系数的计算方法研究

针对喷水推进船舶的边界层影响系数难以计算的问题,提出了一种基于积分运算的边界层影响系数计算方法。将边界层影响系数作为变量处理,通过求解推进泵吸收功率与发动机功率的平衡方程,得到了喷水推进系统的流量,基于流量的连续性定理,计算出喷水推进系统的有效进流厚度。以有效进流厚度为边界条件进行积分运算,最终推导了边界层影响系数的解析计算表达式。通过对某型喷水推进船舶的边界层影响系数进行校核,并通过仿真得到了边界层影响系数在一定推进功率下随速度的变化规律,验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性。     

船舶浅水航行下沉量和纵倾的数值计算

基于CFD方法对船舶浅水航行航态变化问题进行研究。通过同时求解RANS方程和刚体运动学方程对船舶浅水航行流场进行数值模拟,并根据浅水流场空间受限的特点,采用三种动网格相结合的方法,解决船舶在浅水中航行时航态变化的网格更新问题,在数值模拟中还考虑了螺旋桨旋转的影响。文中以S60船模(Cb=0.6)为对象,计算了其浅水航行的下沉量和纵倾值,计算结果与船模水池试验数据对比,吻合良好。     

基于积分法的粗糙壁面湍流边界层发展预测

壁面粗糙度对湍流的影响研究是流体动力学的热点问题。利用边界层积分法对零压力梯度下棱锥形粗糙壁面湍流边界层的发展进行预测分析。首先,以2个几何统计参数对棱锥形的粗糙形态进行描述,通过对试验数据的拟合分析,确定粗糙度函数的具体形式;然后,利用动量积分方程和壁面律求解出粗糙壁面湍流边界层厚度和局部摩擦系数沿流向的变化情况。计算结果与试验数据吻合较好,表明采用积分法预测粗糙壁面湍流边界层的发展精度较高,适于工程应用。     

复杂海域水下无人航行器航位推算算法优化

针对当前水下无人航行器航位推算算法存在误差大、工作效率低等不足,设计一种性能优异的复杂海域水下无人航行器航位推算算法。首先分析当前无人航行器航位推算算法的研究现状,找到引起各种无人航行器航位推算算法不足的因素,然后收集无人航行器航位推算数据,结合复杂海域水下无人航行器航位的随机变化特点,引入遗传算法优化支持向量机设计无人航行器航位推算模型,最后与其他无人航行器航位推算算法进行对比实验。结果表明,本文算法可以适应复杂海域水下无人航行器航位的变化特点,提高无人航行器航位推算精度,无人航行器航位推算速度快,获得比对比算法整体性能更优的无人航行器航位推算结果,具有十分明显的优越性。     

转弯运动通气超空泡形态及流场结构数值研究

超空泡航行体机动过程中空泡形态的预测是目前该领域亟待研究的问题。文章在两流体多相流模型的框架内建立了用于求解通气超空泡流转弯机动的三维数值模型。通过求解RANS方程和SST(Shear Stress Transport)湍流方程,预测了圆盘空化器转弯机动条件下生成的通气空泡形态,并同Logvinovich独立膨胀原理的计算结果进行对比,验证了文中数值模型的有效性。在此基础上,分析了转弯半径对通气空泡的形态尺度的影响,对比研究了不同弗鲁德数条件下通气空泡的流场结构。     

小水线面双体船纵向航态与阻力特性的CFD分析

文章基于重叠网格技术,采用RANS方法,对2500T级小水线面双体船(带首尾鳍)的阻力与纵向航态进行了数值计算,并与模型试验结果进行了比较分析,结果表明文中采用的数值方法能够有效预报小水线面双体船的阻力,模拟其航行姿态。此外,分别对计及航态与不计及航态时的阻力计算结果进行了比较,分析了航行姿态对小水线面双体船阻力性能的影响。     

一种水下航行器运动自导航及轨迹跟踪方法

水下航迹是水中运动物体的重要参数之一,通过航迹可以推算出水中运动目标的航速、回转半径等信息。本文介绍一种针对于水下自主航行器运动自导航及轨迹跟踪的方法及其工程实现,该方法采用声学定位原理,可以使水下自主航行器自身和船载指挥平台精确掌握航行器在水下的位置信息,对于自主航行器自身实现自导航和位置修正以及岸站指挥人员即时掌握水下自主航行器在水下的位置、速度及机动情况等态势信息有重要意义。     

深水铺管起重船驾驶模拟系统设计与实现

基于实时仿真软件Vega Prime和仪表仿真软件GL Studio开发深水铺管起重船驾驶模拟系统,通过分析深水铺管起重船驾驶特点,对驾驶模拟系统进行了总体及分系统功能设计,建立了风浪中船舶运动数学模型,逼真模拟深水铺管起重船驾控设备仪表和航行环境,实现了船舶驾驶模拟训练功能,达到了深水铺管起重船驾驶人员的桌面级驾驶培训要求。     

自然空化流动数值模拟中参数取值影响的研究

探索了应用商业软件Fluent6.2进行自然空化计算的方法.通过设定不同气核质量分数对半球头回转体的自然局部空化作了模拟,研究了气核对自然空化计算结果的影响.通过设定边界湍流参数计算了平头回转体的自然超空泡,研究了湍流参数设定对自然空化计算结果的影响.通过对圆盘空化器的超空泡计算,得出结论:气核含量主要影响超空泡尾部形态,湍流参数主要影响空泡尺度.多个算例的计算结果与相应的实验结果以及经验公式计算结果进行了比较,符合良好.     

用naoe-FOAM-SJTU求解器数值模拟船舶在波浪上的操纵运动问题（英文）

Ship maneuvering in waves includes the performance of ship resistance, seakeeping, propulsion, and maneuverability. It is a complex hydrodynamic problem with the interaction of many factors. With the purpose of directly predicting the behavior of ship maneuvering in waves, a CFD solver named naoe-FOAM-SJTU is developed by the Computational Marine Hydrodynamics Lab(CMHL) in Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The solver is based on open source platform OpenFOAM and has introduced dynamic overset grid technology to handle complex ship hull-propeller-rudder motion system. Maneuvering control module based on feedback control mechanism is also developed to accurately simulate corresponding motion behavior of free running ship maneuver. Inlet boundary wavemaker and relaxation zone technique is used to generate desired waves. Based on the developed modules, unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) computations are carried out for several validation cases of free running ship maneuver in waves including zigzag, turning circle, and course keeping maneuvers. The simulation results are compared with available benchmark data. Ship motions, trajectories, and other maneuvering parameters are consistent with available experimental data, which indicate that the present solver can be suitable and reliable in predicting the performance of ship maneuvering in waves. Flow visualizations, such as free surface elevation, wake flow, vortical structures, are presented to explain the hydrodynamic performance of ship maneuvering in waves. Large flow separation can be observed around propellers and rudders. It is concluded that RANS approach is not accurate enough for predicting ship maneuvering in waves with large flow separations and detached eddy simulation(DES) or large eddy simulation(LES) computations are required to improve the prediction accuracy.     

关于喷水推进装置平进口边界层影响系数估算的探讨

喷水推进装置进口边界层是影响喷水推进推力和推进效率的重要因素,在喷水推进主参数优化选择计算中,如何较为准确地选取边界层影响系数α是至关重要的一步,它将直接影响到计算结果的准确性。通过对相关计算进行初步的分析与探讨,欲起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

舵桨相互作用下现代船舶绕流数值研究（英文）

Reducing the fuel consumption of ships presents both economic and environmental gains. Although in the past decades,extensive studies were carried out on the flow around ship hull, it is still difficult to calculate the flow around the hull while considering propeller interaction. In this paper, the viscous flow around modern ship hulls is computed considering propeller action. In this analysis, the numerical investigation of flow around the ship is combined with propeller theory to simulate the hull-propeller interaction. Various longitudinal positions of the rudder are also analyzed to determine the effect of rudder position on propeller efficiency. First, a numerical study was performed around a bare hull using Shipflow computational fluid dynamics(CFD) code to determine free-surface wave elevation and resistance components.A zonal approach was applied to successively incorporate Bpotential flow solver^ in the region outside the boundary layer and wake, Bboundary layer solver^ in the thin boundary layer region near the ship hull, and BNavier-Stokes solver^in the wake region. Propeller open water characteristics were determined using an open-source MATLAB code Open Prop, which is based on the lifting line theory, for the moderately loaded propeller. The obtained open water test results were specified in the flow module of Shipflow for self-propulsion tests. The velocity field behind the ship was recalculated into an effective wake and given to the propeller code that calculates the propeller load. Once the load was known, it was transferred to the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) solver to simulate the propeller action. The interaction between the hull and propeller with different rudder positions was then predicted to improve the propulsive efficiency.     

不同的杨氏模量对含裂纹复合材料板裂纹周围应力的影响研究

不同的杨氏模量对于应力场有着相当的影响.针对含裂纹的复合材料板,根据非均质各向异性弹性理论和复变函数理论解决了裂纹的边界条件问题.建立了基于准确边界条件的边界积分方程,得到了舍裂纹复合材料板裂纹周围应力场的精确解析解.并按照所建立的计算模型对不同的杨氏模量对裂纹周围应力场的影响进行了探讨.     

淤泥质港口航道适航密度确定方法的改进

根据浮泥层中船舶航行时船体边壁带动附近浮泥作剪切流动的物理过程与浮泥在缓坡上的重力流之间的相似性,提出以船体边壁附近浮泥层流态转换条件来定义适航密度,以避免现行方法的不确定性,并提出了相应的计算方法。计算表明,适航密度与航行速度和浮泥层厚度有关。在通常航速和0.5~1.5 m浮泥层厚度条件下连云港航道的适航密度约为1.25~1.35g/cm~3。     

淤泥质港口航道适航密度确定方法的改进

根据浮泥层中船舶航行时船体边壁带动附近浮泥作剪切流动的物理过程与浮泥在缓坡上的重力流之间的相似性,提出以船体边壁附近浮泥层流态转换条件来定义适航密度,以避免现行方法的不确定性,并提出了相应的计算方法.计算表明,适航密度与航行速度和浮泥层厚度有关.在通常航速和0.5~1.5 m浮泥层厚度条件下连云港航道的适航密度约为1.25~1.35 g/cm3.     

Measurement and computation of the acoustic field in a cavitation tunnel

Sound pressure distribution around a monotone sound source was measured inside a marine propeller cavitation tunnel and compared with the calculated result by a two-dimensional boundary element method. The measured sound pressure distribution showed some peaks due to the reflection effect of the tunnel test section boundary. As the frequency increased, the sound pressure distribution became more complicated, showing more peaks. The tunnel reverberant effect should be taken into account when the noise data measured in the tunnel are converted into full-scale values. In the boundary element method calculation, the boundary condition at the acrylic observation window of the tunnel was examined in detail. The calculated sound pressure distribution pattern in the tunnel transverse section agreed well with the measured distribution when a reasonable boundary condition was adopted. The boundary element method is an effective method for theoretically predicting the acoustic field inside the cavitation tunnel if the precise boundary condition is adopted.     

Finite-volume simulation of flows about a ship in maneuvering motion

A finite-volume method of computing the viscous flow field about a ship in maneuvering motion was developed. The time-dependent Navier-Stokes equation discretized in the generalized boundary-fitted curvilinear coordinate system is solved numerically. A third-order upwind differencing scheme, a marker and cell (MAC)-type explicit time marching solution algorithm and a simplified subgrid scale (SGS) turbulence model are adopted. The simulation method is formulated, including the movement of a computational grid fitted to the body boundary that allows computation of the flow field around a body under unsteady motion. To estimate the maneuvering ability of a ship, the accurate prediction of the hydrodynamic forces and moments of the hull is important. Therefore, experimental methods of finding the hydrodynamic forces of a ship in maneuvering motion, such as the oblique towing test, the circular motion test (CMT) and planar motion mechanism (PMM) test, were established. Numerical simulation methods for those captive model experiments were developed introducing computational fluid dynamics (CFD). First, numerical methods for steady oblique tow and steady turn simulation were developed and then extended to unsteady forced motion. Simulations were conducted about several realistic hulls, and the results were verified by comparisons with measured results obtained in model experiments. Hydrodynamic forces and the moment, the longitudinal distribution of the hydrodynamic lateral force, and the pressure distribution on the hull surface showed good agreement.