两种充汽模式下船用蒸汽蓄热器动态性能数值模拟

为给船舶蒸汽动力系统设计提供技术支撑,采用考虑蒸发和冷凝的热相变模型描述蒸汽蓄热器汽、液两相的热质传递规律,并结合缓慢充汽和快速充汽计算边界条件,基于CFX实现不同充汽模式下船用蒸汽蓄热器动态性能数值模拟。计算结果表明：在缓慢充汽起始阶段,船用蒸汽蓄热器水位波动大,最终水位保持平稳且略有升高;缓慢充汽过程中,船用蒸汽蓄热器的压力和温度均呈先快速上升再下降的变化规律;在快速充汽过程中,蒸汽蓄热器的压力和温度均呈先快速上升再下降的变化规律,计算结果与试验数据基本吻合。     

船用蒸汽蓄热器充汽过程的热工水力特性数值研究

采用考虑汽液两相蒸发与冷凝的两流体模型和热相变模型,基于CFX进行船用蒸汽蓄热器充汽过程热工水力特性数值研究。计算结果表明:充汽过程中,船用蒸汽蓄热器压力、温度均呈快速上升的变化规律;蓄热器汽水空间产生蒸汽射流及涡流效应;两流体模型和热相变模型能够准确描述船用蒸汽蓄热器充汽过程热工水力参数,为船舶蒸汽蓄热器的设计提供技术支撑。     

摇摆条件下船用蒸汽蓄热器放汽过程数值研究

基于两流体模型和热相变模型,结合考虑附加惯性力的摇摆计算模型,并引入指数压降放汽边界条件,利用CFX软件进行了摇摆条件下船用蒸汽蓄热器放汽过程数值计算。计算结果显示,在摇摆条件下,蒸汽蓄热器放汽压力和温度均快速降低,但摇摆运动对放汽压力和温度参数影响比较小;摇摆运动加强蒸汽蓄热器内汽水两相流体的湍流交混,诱发蓄热器压力场、速度场和温度场分布紊乱;周期性的摇摆运动导致蒸汽蓄热器水位产生剧烈的周期性波动,且波动周期与摇摆周期基本一致。摇摆模型在蒸汽蓄热器两相流数值模拟中的成功应用,可为海洋条件下蒸汽蓄热器热工水力的准确分析提供参考。     

船用蒸汽蓄热器快速充汽过程吸热特性的测量方法研究

为了满足短时间耗汽量极大用汽设备的用汽需求,选取平均过冷度和吸热系数作为船用蒸汽蓄热器吸热特性的评价指标,对快速充汽过程进行数学建模和实验研究,以期达到对吸热特性的测量。结果表明:蒸汽蓄热器在吸热过程中,其水部存在着明显的温度分布不均匀,通过对充汽流量的减小和充汽时间的延长,能够改善吸热特性。与此同时,测量方法也有效可行,完全可用于船用蒸汽蓄热器在快速充汽过程中的吸热特性测量。     

船用蒸汽蓄热器放汽过程动态特性数值模拟

船用蒸汽蓄热器是在极短时间内实现从较大流量供汽能力向极大流量供汽能力转换的关键设备,对船舶蒸汽动力系统安全稳定运行具有重要影响。以船用蒸汽蓄热器为原型,建立三维物理模型,采用两流体模型计算放汽过程中的闪蒸规律,利用标准k-ε方程计算蓄热器湍流脉动形式,并引入指数压降放汽边界条件,进行船用蒸汽蓄热器放汽过程动态特性的数值研究。计算结果表明:在放汽起始阶段,蒸汽蓄热器出现了"虚假水位";放汽过程后期,在蒸汽蓄热器水空间呈现涡流现象,形成了汽水自然对流循环,加强了汽水湍流脉动及沸腾传热效果,其模拟计算结果与试验数据基本吻合。     

船用蒸汽蓄热器放汽过程动态特性数值模拟北大核心CSCD

船用蒸汽蓄热器是在极短时间内实现从较大流量供汽能力向极大流量供汽能力转换的关键设备,对船舶蒸汽动力系统安全稳定运行具有重要影响。以船用蒸汽蓄热器为原型,建立三维物理模型,采用两流体模型计算放汽过程中的闪蒸规律,利用标准k-ε方程计算蓄热器湍流脉动形式,并引入指数压降放汽边界条件,进行船用蒸汽蓄热器放汽过程动态特性的数值研究。计算结果表明:在放汽起始阶段,蒸汽蓄热器出现了"虚假水位";放汽过程后期,在蒸汽蓄热器水空间呈现涡流现象,形成了汽水自然对流循环,加强了汽水湍流脉动及沸腾传热效果,其模拟计算结果与试验数据基本吻合。     

蒸汽浸没射流与凝结数值仿真分析

[目的]船用蒸汽动力系统进行蒸汽排放时,蒸汽射流冷凝是一个常见的物理过程。为了充分掌握此类开放空间纯蒸汽浸没射流的基础物理现象,采用Mixture两相流模型开展CFD仿真研究。[方法]基于实验结果对传热关系式进行修正,以汽相体积份额为0.95作为度量汽羽长度的临界分数,对比分析不同凝水温度和进口压力条件下浸没射流冷凝汽羽的空间分布、速度场、温度场及压力场分布特性。[结果]仿真结果表明:不同的进口条件将影响浸没射流冷凝汽羽的形态;在稳定的浸没射流冷凝过程中,汽羽核心区呈现出相对低温的状态,汽羽轴向的压力分布呈现出波动状态;验证了汽羽内部膨胀—压缩波的存在性,且随着蒸汽进口压力的增加,膨胀—压缩波的波动振幅和空间范围也随之增加。[结论]研究成果可为蒸汽射流冷凝的优化设计提供参考。     

负荷扰动下直流蒸汽发生器蒸汽压力控制仿真

对采用直流蒸汽发生器的船用核动力装置,为保证快速大幅度负荷变动时的装置运行安全,采用了一、二回路功率协调控制系统。但由于直流蒸汽发生器物理过程的复杂性和一、二回路功率协调控制系统的不完善,在一般负荷扰动时,仍会出现主蒸汽系统压力较大幅度的波动,影响汽动设备的稳定运行。因此,运行上仍需进一步对主蒸汽系统的压力波动范围进行限制。本文以采用直流蒸汽发生器的核动力商船动力装置为研究对象,研究利用装置的启停蒸汽冷却器参与主蒸汽压力运行控制,并建立运行仿真模型进行仿真试验研究。结果表明,启停蒸汽冷却器参与装置运行后能有效调节主蒸汽压力,降低其压力波动峰值。     

基于SimulationX的船用高压共轨燃油系统仿真

使用SimulationX软件建立船用柴油机高压共轨燃油系统模型。通过仿真计算,研究高压共轨燃油系统中影响供油、喷油的因素及轨压波动规律。凸轮转速越大,进油持续时间越短,进油频率越高;油泵齿条位移越大,进油流量峰值越大。共轨管内因压力波传递存在明显波动,波动频率高,波动幅度接近供喷油过程变化幅度的70%。轨压越高,喷油速率峰值越大,柴油机经济性能更好,但影响运行寿命。     

船舶微过热蒸汽发生系统供汽性能研究

为提高船舶微过热蒸汽发生系统的稳定性和优化微过热系统性能参数,探析稳态、动态工况下微过热蒸汽发生系统供汽响应特性。本文以船舶微过热蒸汽发生系统为机理模型,采用 CFD模拟方法计算了微过热蒸汽发生系统速度场、压力场和温度场的稳态分布规律,引入实际微过热蒸汽系统运行参数作为边界条件,开展微过热蒸汽发生系统供汽性能动态研究,得到过热蒸汽掺混流量、饱和蒸汽掺混流量、微过热蒸汽压力和温度等关键性能参数的动态变化规律,并提出微过热蒸汽掺混因子,定量表征微过热蒸汽系统掺混特性及其对蒸汽温度影响规律。计算结果显示,在微过热蒸汽供汽过程中,饱和蒸汽系统管路压降大于过热蒸汽压降,微过热蒸汽压力不断降低,过热蒸汽和饱和蒸汽掺混流量增大,促使蒸汽掺混因子减小,导致微过热蒸汽温度略有降低。基于微过热供汽性能参数的分析,说明船舶微过热蒸汽发生系统供汽响应方案满足用汽设备的要求,可用于船舶蒸汽动力系统的设计。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.