不同运行条件下船用蒸汽蓄热器充汽过程动态特性数值模拟

船用蒸汽蓄热器的充汽过程是复杂剧烈的汽液两相热质交换过程,具有瞬时充汽量极大、热负荷波动剧烈的特点,其充汽特性直接关系到舰船蒸汽动力系统的运行稳定性。根据船用蒸汽蓄热器的运行条件,采用考虑汽液两相蒸发与冷凝的两流体模型和热相变模型,进行不同初始水位和压力下船用蒸汽蓄热器充汽过程动态特性的数值研究。计算结果表明：在充汽流量一定的条件下,蒸汽蓄热器初始水位越高,导致蓄热器压力越小、蒸汽温度越低;蒸汽蓄热器初始压力越大,造成蓄热器压力越大、蒸汽温度越高;在充汽起始阶段,蒸汽蓄热器初始压力越大,蓄热器水位和压力波动越剧烈。     

摇摆条件下船用蒸汽蓄热器放汽过程数值研究

基于两流体模型和热相变模型,结合考虑附加惯性力的摇摆计算模型,并引入指数压降放汽边界条件,利用CFX软件进行了摇摆条件下船用蒸汽蓄热器放汽过程数值计算。计算结果显示,在摇摆条件下,蒸汽蓄热器放汽压力和温度均快速降低,但摇摆运动对放汽压力和温度参数影响比较小;摇摆运动加强蒸汽蓄热器内汽水两相流体的湍流交混,诱发蓄热器压力场、速度场和温度场分布紊乱;周期性的摇摆运动导致蒸汽蓄热器水位产生剧烈的周期性波动,且波动周期与摇摆周期基本一致。摇摆模型在蒸汽蓄热器两相流数值模拟中的成功应用,可为海洋条件下蒸汽蓄热器热工水力的准确分析提供参考。     

两种充汽模式下船用蒸汽蓄热器动态性能数值模拟

为给船舶蒸汽动力系统设计提供技术支撑,采用考虑蒸发和冷凝的热相变模型描述蒸汽蓄热器汽、液两相的热质传递规律,并结合缓慢充汽和快速充汽计算边界条件,基于CFX实现不同充汽模式下船用蒸汽蓄热器动态性能数值模拟。计算结果表明：在缓慢充汽起始阶段,船用蒸汽蓄热器水位波动大,最终水位保持平稳且略有升高;缓慢充汽过程中,船用蒸汽蓄热器的压力和温度均呈先快速上升再下降的变化规律;在快速充汽过程中,蒸汽蓄热器的压力和温度均呈先快速上升再下降的变化规律,计算结果与试验数据基本吻合。     

船用蒸汽蓄热器放汽过程动态特性数值模拟

船用蒸汽蓄热器是在极短时间内实现从较大流量供汽能力向极大流量供汽能力转换的关键设备,对船舶蒸汽动力系统安全稳定运行具有重要影响。以船用蒸汽蓄热器为原型,建立三维物理模型,采用两流体模型计算放汽过程中的闪蒸规律,利用标准k-ε方程计算蓄热器湍流脉动形式,并引入指数压降放汽边界条件,进行船用蒸汽蓄热器放汽过程动态特性的数值研究。计算结果表明:在放汽起始阶段,蒸汽蓄热器出现了"虚假水位";放汽过程后期,在蒸汽蓄热器水空间呈现涡流现象,形成了汽水自然对流循环,加强了汽水湍流脉动及沸腾传热效果,其模拟计算结果与试验数据基本吻合。     

船用蒸汽蓄热器放汽过程动态特性数值模拟北大核心CSCD

船用蒸汽蓄热器是在极短时间内实现从较大流量供汽能力向极大流量供汽能力转换的关键设备,对船舶蒸汽动力系统安全稳定运行具有重要影响。以船用蒸汽蓄热器为原型,建立三维物理模型,采用两流体模型计算放汽过程中的闪蒸规律,利用标准k-ε方程计算蓄热器湍流脉动形式,并引入指数压降放汽边界条件,进行船用蒸汽蓄热器放汽过程动态特性的数值研究。计算结果表明:在放汽起始阶段,蒸汽蓄热器出现了"虚假水位";放汽过程后期,在蒸汽蓄热器水空间呈现涡流现象,形成了汽水自然对流循环,加强了汽水湍流脉动及沸腾传热效果,其模拟计算结果与试验数据基本吻合。     

船用蒸汽蓄热器快速充汽过程吸热特性的测量方法研究

为了满足短时间耗汽量极大用汽设备的用汽需求,选取平均过冷度和吸热系数作为船用蒸汽蓄热器吸热特性的评价指标,对快速充汽过程进行数学建模和实验研究,以期达到对吸热特性的测量。结果表明:蒸汽蓄热器在吸热过程中,其水部存在着明显的温度分布不均匀,通过对充汽流量的减小和充汽时间的延长,能够改善吸热特性。与此同时,测量方法也有效可行,完全可用于船用蒸汽蓄热器在快速充汽过程中的吸热特性测量。     

船用U形管蒸汽发生器模型及其动态仿真应用

针对船用立式U形管自然循环蒸汽发生器,建立了能够描述其稳态及瞬态热工水力特性的数学物理模型,并编制了计算程序。计算和验证结果表明,该数学物理模型准确,可以与其他船用模型一起构建船用系统模型以进行安全分析研究或开发船用核动力仿真机。     

蒸汽蓄热器充热装置设计研究

本文分析论证了充热效率与充热装置各部件结构尺寸的关系，从中找出充热装置的循环筒 直径，长度，喷嘴，口径等最佳尺寸，为蓄热器充热装置的设计提供了依据。根据这一研究成果设计的１３ＭＰａ蒸汽蓄热器系列已作为国家标准图正式出版。     

新型冷却介质在船用柴油机上的应用

采用高载热密度、高传热性能的冷却介质是解决船用柴油机大功率化、紧凑化的有效途径.综述了纳米流体冷却介质在柴油机上强化传热的研究进展.针对船用柴油机散热要求,提出了具有高载热密度的相变流体冷却 技术.研制了石蜡乳状液相变流体并分析了其在船用柴油机上应用的相关性能.为了强化相变流体的传热性能,结合纳米流体技术,制备了纳米粒子/石蜡乳状液复合相变流体,并阐述了该流体在船用柴油机上的应用特点.最后探讨了新型冷却介质在柴油机上应用需要解决的关键问题.     

蒸汽浸没射流与凝结数值仿真分析

[目的]船用蒸汽动力系统进行蒸汽排放时,蒸汽射流冷凝是一个常见的物理过程。为了充分掌握此类开放空间纯蒸汽浸没射流的基础物理现象,采用Mixture两相流模型开展CFD仿真研究。[方法]基于实验结果对传热关系式进行修正,以汽相体积份额为0.95作为度量汽羽长度的临界分数,对比分析不同凝水温度和进口压力条件下浸没射流冷凝汽羽的空间分布、速度场、温度场及压力场分布特性。[结果]仿真结果表明:不同的进口条件将影响浸没射流冷凝汽羽的形态;在稳定的浸没射流冷凝过程中,汽羽核心区呈现出相对低温的状态,汽羽轴向的压力分布呈现出波动状态;验证了汽羽内部膨胀—压缩波的存在性,且随着蒸汽进口压力的增加,膨胀—压缩波的波动振幅和空间范围也随之增加。[结论]研究成果可为蒸汽射流冷凝的优化设计提供参考。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。