汽车动力总成液阻型橡胶隔振器的研究发展

本文对被动式液阻型橡胶悬置及动力总成－液阻悬置系统的设计分析方法和研究成果进行了较系统的述评和总结。首先介绍了汽车动力总成液阻悬置的应用概况，总结，阐述了汽车动力总成悬置系统所要求的理想隔振特性，然后综述了节流孔型，惯性通道型，惯性通道－固定解耦膜型，惯性通道－活动解耦膜型等典型被动式液阻悬置元件的结构原理，集中参数模型，动态特性及其参数设计分析结果，同时综述了动力总成－液阻悬置系统隔振生能研究概况及设计分析方法，其中着重介绍了德国Freudenberg公司，美国Ohio州立大学，日本Nissan公司等主要研究者的研究工作及结果。     

流动模式磁流变悬置动态特性分析

针对某型号发动机,基于低频大刚度大阻尼的理想悬置特性要求,提出了一种新型流动模式磁流变悬置,采用ANSYS对磁流变悬置的核心结构进行磁场有限元分析,确保磁路设计的合理性。为研究流动模式磁流变悬置在低频大振幅激振时的动态特性,建立了磁流变悬置的集总参数模型,利用MATLAB分析许用激励电流范围内的动态特性,克服以往仅对几个离散激励电流点的动刚度及阻尼滞后角进行分析的不足,为磁流变悬置的智能隔振控制奠定了基础,具有重要的工程应用价值。     

Audi100轿车动力总成液力装置动态特性的实验分析

动力总成液力悬置，是国外８０年代初在汽车上开始应用的新型隔振元件。它可以明显降低汽车振动和车内噪声，对Ａｄｕｉ１００轿车动力总成液力悬置三向动特性进行了实验分析，为对液力悬置进行深入的理论研究提供了实验依据。     

Audi100轿车动力总成液力悬置动态特性的实验分析

动力总成液力悬置，是国外80年代初在汽车上开始应用的新型隔振元件。它可以明显降低汽车振动和车内噪声。对Audi100轿车动力总成液力悬置三向动特性进行了实验分析，为对液力悬置进行深入的理论研究提供了实验依据。     

发动机隔振系统振动固有特性的优化计算及影响因素分析

对发动机隔振系统振动固有特性进行了理论分析,引入了六自由度能量解耦理论,依托Matlab的矩阵运算能力,开发了发动机隔振系统优化设计软件,并利用该软件对系统进行了振动固有特性分析和能量解耦优化。考虑到悬置元件刚度的实际值与设计值可能存在一定偏差,因此针对某解耦度较高的系统,按照悬置元件各向刚度参数±20%的偏差范围,对系统进行仿真试验,研究了悬置元件刚度偏差对系统振动固有特性的影响,所得结论对隔振设计和悬置元件的工艺控制具有一定的指导意义。     

汽车发动机主动隔振系统自适应控制

对压电作动器与液阻悬置组成的主动控制悬置进行了研究，采用前馈自适应控制对汽车发动机主动隔振系统进行了仿真。结果表明，相对于目前轿车上普遍采用的液阻悬置，主动控制悬置可以大大降低发动机在高速运转时向车身的振动传递，减小车内噪声，提高乘坐舒适性。     

汽车动力总成悬置动态特性及悬置系统振动控制设计

动力总成悬置系统对汽车的NVH性能有重要影响,本文论述了汽车动力总成悬置系统中的橡胶悬置、液阻悬置、半主动悬置和主动悬置的静态、动态特性,探讨了动力总成悬置系统隔振设计方法及隔振设计的5个方面(建模;振动频率和解耦率的优化;动力总成的位移控制;低频大振幅激励下,动力总成的振动控制;隔离发动机的激励传递给车身或副车架),从而降低转向盘的振动和减少车内噪声。     

动力总成磁流变悬置的动态特性分析

以某动力总成悬置为研究对象建立力学模型,推导出磁流变悬置在低频工况和高频工况下动刚度与阻尼角的表达式,运用Matlab软件对磁流变悬置的动态特性进行仿真,并进行了试验验证。通过仿真分析了磁流变悬置的橡胶主簧等效面积、阻尼可控通道的长度、磁流变悬置的上液室体积柔度、磁流变液零场粘度等结构参数的变化对悬置动态特性的影响,为磁流变悬置的设计提供参考。     

柴油机悬置系统设计

柴油机存在着振动和噪声较大的缺点，所以对其进行动态特征分析和隔振系统设计是非常重要的，柴油机悬置系统的动态特性对汽车的行驶平顺性有一定的影响，通过调整柴油机悬置系统的结构支承参数可改变柴油机悬置系统的动态特性，降低汽车行驶的振动响应，因为既要使用软的悬置元件以达到良好的隔振效果．又要避免柴油机及其动力总成与周围零件发生干涉，所以在设计时悬置系统应尽量采用解耦形式布置。文章时当前柴油机悬置系统布置几种设计方法进行了归纳与总结。     

发动机悬置的设计及其优化

本文从低频隔振角度讨论了发动机——悬置系统在简谐力作用下响应的计算,并进行了试验验证。还对已有发动机的悬置系统的隔振效果进行了分析。在此基础上初步提出了悬置参数设计的优化数学模型,并探讨了一些算法。     

动力总成半主动悬置动态特性仿真与试验研究

分析了某轿车动力总成半主动悬置的结构及工作原理,应用键合图理论建立了该悬置系统键合图模型和数学模型,并进行了系统动态特性仿真计算。仿真结果与台架试验结果对比表明,悬置在低频段仿真与试验结果具有良好的一致性,验证了采用键合图方法研究悬置低频动态特性的适用性和可信性。该研究可为半主动悬置结构设计及动态特性仿真分析提供参考。     

发动机液压悬置低频模型参数识别方法的研究

根据悬置低频振动模型,提出了基于DE算法的发动机液压悬置模型识别方法,由简单的低频正弦激振试验直接估计模型的关键参数值,完成模型的参数识别。基于上述理论和试验相结合的模型识别方法可以代替组件试验,识别结果可直接用于复杂结构悬置元件的动特性预测和整车NVH性能研究。     

Vibration Control of a Passenger Vehicle Utilizing a Semi-Active ER Engine Mount

This paper presents vibration control of a passenger vehicle using an electronically controllable electro-rheological (ER) engine mount. A mixed-mode ER engine mount operating under the flow and shear modes is devised and manufactured. After establishing the dynamic model of the proposed ER engine mount, both field-dependent displacement transmissibility and dynamic stiffness of the ER engine mount are empirically evaluated. The ER engine mount is then incorporated with a full-vehicle model in order to investigate vibration control performance at the driver's seat position. The governing equation of motion of the full-vehicle model is formulated by considering engine excitation force, followed by designing a skyhook controller to attenuate unwanted vibration. The controller is implemented through a hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS), and control responses such as acceleration level at idle speed are evaluated in the frequency and time domains.     

计及导向摆臂约束的重型货车驾驶室俯仰平面动力学模型

传统的重型货车驾驶室俯仰平面动力学模型没有考虑悬置导向机构的影响,仅能粗略计算驾驶室垂向和俯仰响应,无法计算驾驶室质心的纵向振动特性,因而其仿真精度较低,且在实际工程应用中受到了限制。为提高模型精度并拓宽其工程应用范围,创建了考虑导向摆臂约束作用的驾驶室俯仰平面动力学模型,分析了摆臂导向机构的约束特性。在此基础上,通过道路试验,对所建模型进行了验证。结果表明,所建模型的仿真精度更高,工程应用范围更广,它能有效复现驾驶室系统的真实动力学响应。而且,该模型不仅可用于驾驶室垂向、俯仰和纵向振动响应特性的分析,还可用于考虑驾驶室纵向振动舒适性的悬置控制策略的开发,以及导向摆臂摆角、减振器摆角和驾驶室悬置系统其它动力学参数的估计等。     

Optimal design of an engine mount using an enhanced genetic algorithm with simplex method

This study provides an analysis of the applications of optimization routines for designing fluid mounts. After summarizing the concept of fluid mounts and their dynamic characteristics, we review the importance of the notch and resonance peak that occur in dynamic stiffness of fluid mounts. Fluid mounts are tuned for specific application so that their notch frequency coincides with the disturbance frequency, by selecting the proper parameters for the mount. Additionally, the mount parameters are selected such that the notch remains as deep (close to zero) as possible and the resonance peak is kept as short as possible. The notch depth and resonance peak present opposing requirements for the selection of mount parameters in the sense that lowering one will result in increasing the other. Using a bond graph model, this study will evaluate the effect of various parameters on the mount notch depth and resonance peak height characteristics. The results show that different parameters can have a varying effect on the notch frequency and depth, as well as the resonance frequency and peak height. The results of the study are extended by examining the effectiveness of two different optimization methods—namely, the Enhanced Genetic Algorithm (EGA) and Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP)—for selecting the combination of parameters that can yield the deepest notch and shortest resonance peak. Using two different design cases, the study shows that SQP exhibits much more sensitivity to the initial conditions that are selected for the mount parameters than EGA. Both methods, however, are able to converge to an optimal solution within the constraints that are selected for the parameters. For both cases, EGA is able to converge to the set of parameters that provide a deep notch and a short resonance peak.     

惯性通道—解耦膜式液压悬置动特性分析

本文以Ａｕｄｉ１００轿车总成液压悬罩为例，建立了惯性通道－解耦膜式液压悬的非线；力的非线性力学模型和数学模型，对其原点动特性和跨点动特性进行仿真计算，经与试验结果相比较，二者吻合良好。     

Vibration Control of a Passenger Vehicle Utilizing a Semi-Active ER Engine Mount

This paper presents vibration control of a passenger vehicle using an electronically controllable electro-rheological (ER) engine mount. A mixed-mode ER engine mount operating under the flow and shear modes is devised and manufactured. After establishing the dynamic model of the proposed ER engine mount, both field-dependent displacement transmissibility and dynamic stiffness of the ER engine mount are empirically evaluated. The ER engine mount is then incorporated with a full-vehicle model in order to investigate vibration control performance at the driver's seat position. The governing equation of motion of the full-vehicle model is formulated by considering engine excitation force, followed by designing a skyhook controller to attenuate unwanted vibration. The controller is implemented through a hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS), and control responses such as acceleration level at idle speed are evaluated in the frequency and time domains.     

Application of Sensitivity Analysis to the Development of High Performance Adaptive Hydraulic Engine Mounts

Summary In this paper, the sensitivity analysis is applied to the development of high performance adaptive hydraulic mounts. The analysis allows us to select the most effective design parameters for tuning an adaptive mount to different road and engine conditions. It is shown that in the low frequency road excitation, the upper chamber compliance and inertia of the fluid column in the inertia track are the most influential properties in changing the dynamic stiffness of the hydraulic mount. These properties for the high frequency engine excitations are the upper compliance and the inertia of the fluid column of the decoupler. For tuning the adaptive mount to different road and engine excitation, a global optimization technique is used to find the magnitude of the adjusting parameters to minimize objective functions in low and high frequency excitations. The results indicate significant improvement over conventional hydraulic mounts. It is further shown that when the upper compliance is used as the adjusting parameter, a simple on-off control which is triggered by the engine revolution and vehicle speed is sufficient for tuning the adaptive mount.     

Application of Sensitivity Analysis to the Development of High Performance Adaptive Hydraulic Engine Mounts

Summary In this paper, the sensitivity analysis is applied to the development of high performance adaptive hydraulic mounts. The analysis allows us to select the most effective design parameters for tuning an adaptive mount to different road and engine conditions. It is shown that in the low frequency road excitation, the upper chamber compliance and inertia of the fluid column in the inertia track are the most influential properties in changing the dynamic stiffness of the hydraulic mount. These properties for the high frequency engine excitations are the upper compliance and the inertia of the fluid column of the decoupler. For tuning the adaptive mount to different road and engine excitation, a global optimization technique is used to find the magnitude of the adjusting parameters to minimize objective functions in low and high frequency excitations. The results indicate significant improvement over conventional hydraulic mounts. It is further shown that when the upper compliance is used as the adjusting parameter, a simple on-off control which is triggered by the engine revolution and vehicle speed is sufficient for tuning the adaptive mount.     

摩托车发动机弹性悬置减振研究

发动机弹性悬置可以减小发动机激振引起的摩托车振动,设计弹性悬置的主要工作是根据发动机质量、转动惯量和弹性元件刚度来计算弹性悬置发动机系统的自然频率,并修改弹性元件结构、材料以尽可能满足√2倍最高弹性悬置发动机系统自然频率小于发动机最低工作激振频率这一条件。试验结果表明,发动机弹性悬置具有很好的减振效果。