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挡墙是斜坡式护岸的重要组成部分,用来减少波浪对后方回填陆域的影响。作为挡墙稳定性的决定因素,波浪力的计算一直是实际工程中研究和探讨的热点。以东南亚某大型人工岛工程斜坡式护岸为例,分析国际规范Coastal Engineering Manual和The Rock Manual提出的3种被广泛应用的挡墙波浪力计算方法,以及最新研究的采用越浪量计算挡墙波浪力的方法,对比这4种方法的计算结果、特点和适用范围,并对比分析本工程二维模型试验结果和以上4种方法的计算结果。结果表明,Pedersen公式与实测结果一致性较好,可供类似工程参考。 相似文献
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港口海岸工程中,当护岸后方的防浪要求提高时,合理利用原有护岸进行加固与改造更为经济。针对惠州某LNG码头工程西护岸的斜坡式结构进行物理模型断面试验,通过在已有断面结构后方增设新防浪墙,使其在满足稳定性与越浪要求的同时兼顾使用场地的集约性,为护岸设计提供了科学依据。结果表明:在100 a一遇高水位与100 a一遇波浪要素组合条件下,将贴近前防浪墙的4排3 t扭王字块换为5 t扭王字块后,护岸可以同时满足稳定性与越浪要求。同时,通过缩短前后防浪墙的间距直至5 m时,断面依然满足越浪与排水要求,该方案节省了后方陆域使用面积。 相似文献
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The dense overflow across the Denmark Strait is investigated with hydrographic and hydro-chemical data and the water mass composition of the Denmark Strait Overflow Water (DSOW) is determined by multivariate analysis. Hydrographical properties, the transient tracers CFC-11 and CFC-12, oxygen and nutrients are utilized for the water mass definitions. Distribution and characteristics of water masses north of Denmark Strait are described, the important water masses at the sill and the variability on weekly time-scales are discussed, and the entrainment and mixing of water into the overflow plume in the northern Irminger Basin is calculated. The analysis indicates that water masses both from the Nordic Seas and the Arctic Ocean are important for the formation of DSOW. It is found that water masses transported with the East Greenland Current make up about 75% of the overflow at the sill. The overflow at, and shortly south of, the sill is inhomogeneous with a low-salinity component dominated by Polar Intermediate Water. The high-salinity component of the overflow is mainly of Arctic origin. The water mass composition, and the short-term variability for 7 repeats of sections close to the sill are described, and these illustrate that the overflow is in fact a composite of a number of water masses with different formation and transport histories. This indicate that the overflow is a robust feature, but that it responds to variations in the circulation or atmospheric forcing that influences the formation of intermediate and deep water masses within the Arctic Mediterranean and the North Atlantic. At a section about 400 km south of the sill the overflow is well mixed and modified by entrainment of, mainly, Iceland–Scotland Overflow Water and Labrador Sea Water, together constituting 30% of the overflow plume. The entrainment of Middle Irminger Water dominates shortly downstream of the sill, before the overflow plume reaches too deep but the entrainment seems to be intermittent in time. 相似文献
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A linear theory for the physical fields in the water column under the action of large amplitude internal lee waves at the main sill of the Strait of Gibraltar is developed. The procedure is a combination of the perturbation and normal modes methods in order to study steady resonant conditions. The lowest order linear approach of the methodology resumes the Taylor–Goldstein equation, which can reconstruct the main features of the observed fields but the high order approach gives the finest structure and sometimes the largest contributions. The role of the non-linear terms is investigated up to the second order taking into account the non-linear interactions between modes, leading to an effective reconstruction of the whole water column for the velocity field. 相似文献
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通过水槽试验,研究四面六边透水框架护滩结构效果.试验结果表明,实施四面六边透水框架防护后,河底流速有明显减小,四面六边透水框架具有透水、消能、减小近底流速、局部改善水流流态的作用,从而有可能将近底流速降至不冲流速以下,甚至于使河床产生淤积.与传统护滩工程相比,四面六边透水框架能有效地避免实体护岸工程基础容易被淘刷而影响自身稳定问题,且适应河床地形变化能力强,不需要地基处理,不需要护底,直接抛投于床面,自身稳定,施工简单,成本低,是一种值得大力推广的新技术. 相似文献
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Stig Skreslet Terje Doksr⊘d Morten Frogh Morten Krogstad Ketil Olsen 《Coastal management》2013,41(2):141-152
A simple numerical model was applied to distinguish permanently oxygenated marine sill basins from periodically anoxic basins in Nordland County, northern Norway. Input data are sill depth, width of the tidal channel, sea surface area, and tidal range. The model produces a Topography Tidal Factor (TTF) that seems to be an adequate index correlating with empirical field data when sills have saddle depths <30 m. The depth of the pycnocline, and the oxygen concentration of the basin water increases logarithmically with the calculated TTF value toward an asymptotic level. At TTF ≥0.02 basins are mostly well-oxygenated and have a permanent fauna of epibenthic and hyperbenthic animals. Basins with TTF <0.02 may become anoxic each autumn, which permanently prevents establishment of communities with multi-annual sessile benthos. Low oxygen concentration may also cause seasonal variation in the occurrence of motile species. In tidal channels, the abundance of bivalves and fish, as well as the biodiversity in general, probably increases with TTF. The applied method may be universally valid in regions shaped by glacial erosion but needs to be further developed by more detailed studies. 相似文献
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作为一种新型的尾滑道式船载小艇收放系统,在回收小艇时,小艇需要以一定的航速冲上尾滑道。回收能否成功除了受制于驾驶员操作水平等主观因素,还与滑道的涉水深度、小艇与母船尾滑道的运动响应等客观条件有关。本文利用切片理论计算了小艇与母船尾滑道的运动响应,并对3级及4级海况下回收小艇的可行性进行了分析。 相似文献
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为加强恶劣海况下深水防波堤护面稳定性和结构安全性,根据最新规范规定和试验研究结果,对防波堤原设计方案的护面结构形式进行优化调整。采用双层扭王字块护面结构,利用人工块体代替超大质量规格的块石,并提出实施过程中保证深水防波堤工程护面块体质量的施工控制要点。结果表明,双层扭王字块护面既解决了大规格石料供应问题,又提高了深水防波堤护面结构的稳定性。 相似文献