船体结构总纵极限强度的简化逐步破坏分析方法

本文基于Smith方法,应用梁-柱理论、理想弹塑性假设、平截面假设和塑性铰理论建立了加筋板单元的应力-应变关系曲线,导出了船体结构总纵极限强度的简化逐步破坏分析方法并编制成FORTRAN计算程序.应用作者导出的简化逐步破坏分析方法分析计算了Reckling 23号模型总纵极限强度.计算结果表明,本文导出的简化逐步破坏分析方法和计算程序正确可靠,可供船体结构设计和使用.本文还对船体结构总纵极限强度的影响因素进行了分析,其中包括加筋板单元的载荷-缩短行为、横向压力、材料屈服强度和腐蚀等.     

船体结构总纵极限强度的简化逐步破坏分析

本文基于梁-柱理论、理想弹塑性假设、平面假设和塑性铰理论建立了拉伸和压缩加筋板单元的标准应力-应变关系曲线，开发了船体结构总纵极限强度的简化逐步破坏分析方法。应用该简化方法编制的计算程序较为详细地分析了五条船截面／箱型梁模型的总纵极限强度，结果表明本文开发的简化逐步破坏方法和计算程序是正确可靠的，可供船体结构设计参考和使用。     

内河船舶极限强度计算的逐步破坏法程序设计

在船舶设计与强度评估中,为更加真实地了解船体结构的安全极限,要求计算船体梁的极限强度。逐步破坏法由于其计算效率高,结果比较可靠,被广泛运用于大型海船设计,但在内河船舶设计规范中,至今尚无有关极限强度的条款。通过非线性有限元程序计算得到加筋板单元平均应力应变关系,并与Rahman法、CSR法以及ISUM方法计算得到的应力应变关系曲线进行对比,以验证其可靠性。然后,按照一定的规律建立符合内河船舶构造的加筋板单元应力应变关系数据库,并编写逐步破坏法计算程序,在计算过程中,其能根据加筋板单元尺寸自动选取对应的关系曲线;对参数超出数据库的情况,则通过插值实现。     

船体结构极限强度研究综述

综述船舶极限强度研究现状,包括平板及加筋板及船体梁极限强度的计算分析方法,以及平板和加筋板、船体梁和实船极限强度试验研究。     

船体梁约束扭转极限承载力计算的简化逐步迭代法

船体梁约束扭转极限承载力计算由于问题复杂至今未有理论解，只能用非线性有限元方法计算，效率很低。论文通过对25块实船板格的非线性有限元分析，引入板的柔度系数，构建了加筋板格的剪切应力与应变关系，提出了船体梁约束扭转的变形和应力假设，构造了船体梁约束扭转的简化逐步迭代计算方法，编制了相应的计算程序。实船算例表明，所提出的剪应力与应变关系和约束扭转极限承载能力的计算方法与非线性有限元方法相比，具有较高的精度和效率，可应用于船舶与海洋平台结构以及各类薄壁梁约束扭转极限强度的计算。     

组合载荷作用下的加筋板格强度计算

船体是一个由加筋板格组成的箱形结构,加筋板格的强度计算对于船体结构的强度分析极为重要。最近几年计多作者提出了采用简化方法来计算加筋板格的极限强度。但是,绝大部分采用这种方法进行研究的文章均只讨论了纵向受压一种情况。对于实际的船体加筋板格来说,最一般的载荷工况是纵向应力、横向应力、剪应力和垂向压力的组合载荷,但纵向应力占主导地位,本文将简化方法推广到解决组合载荷的情况。通过本文的计算表明,本简化方法     

轴向压力下含点蚀损伤加筋板极限强度研究

点蚀损伤常发生于船体结构,将会造成结构的局部缺失而影响船舶结构的安全性.针对船体结构的基本构件加筋板,采用非线性有限元法研究轴向压力下点蚀损伤对其极限强度的影响,考虑点蚀位置、直径、数目、深度、点蚀损失体积等影响因素,分析船体加筋板极限应力和屈曲失效模式,获得结构的极限强度,拟合影响因素和加筋板极限强度的关系曲线,定性分析了点蚀损伤对加筋板的破坏.结果表明,点蚀损伤削减了加筋板极限强度;点蚀影响因素(点蚀直径、数目、深度、损失体积)对含点蚀损伤加筋板极限强度的影响近似呈现非线性的二次单调函数关系.     

船体结构极限强度研究进展

综述了船体结构极限强度的研究现状,分析了加筋板、船体板架和船体梁极限强度的计算方法以及船体结构极限强度的试验研究。     

船体梁弯曲极限强度分析

针对船体梁极限强度计算问题,研究基于弯曲承载力的极限状态分析技术。分析总结船体梁极限强度分析方法及研究现状,阐述简化逐步破坏法(Smith逐步破坏法)的技术流程,探讨基于非线性有限元极限强度分析技术中各参数设置对计算结果的影响。在简化逐步破坏法计算结果的基础上,利用非线性有限元法评估基于单跨模型和舱段模型的船体梁极限强度,并探究上层建筑对极限承载力的影响。     

破损船体非对称弯曲极限强度分析及可靠性评估

在船体发生破损后,其剩余有效剖面是非对称的,船体还可能倾斜。本文首先对破损船体非对称弯曲进行了弹性和塑性分析,在此基础上假设了破损船体发生整体破坏时的剖面应力分布,给出了破损船体非对称弯曲极限强度分析方法,并采用了比较精细的方法计算加筋板格的屈曲极限强度。以箱型梁模型和超大型油船为例,将本文的计算结果与试验、ＩＳＵＭ法及解析公式的结果进行了比较。基于破损船体极限强度,结合重要性样本法,对６５,００     

复合材料船体纵向极限强度可靠性分析

把船体甲板或船底板结构视为是一系列加筋板单元的组合，然后利用复合材料梁柱理论计算船体加筋板单元构件的极限承载能力，最后用Smith法计算复合材料船体的极限承载能力。由于复合材料船体纵向极限强度的极限状态方程不能简单地用船体各参数显式表达，故将近年发展起来的响应面法与JC法相结合，对复合材料船体纵向极限强度进行了可靠性分析。并讨论了影响船体纵向极限强度可靠性各变量的敏感性。     

Ultimate strength of container ships subjected to combined hogging moment and bottom local loads,Part 2: An extension of Smith's method

This paper is the second of two companion papers concerning the ultimate hull girder strength of container ships subjected to combined hogging moment and bottom local loads. The nonlinear finite element analysis in Part 1 has shown that local bending deformation of a double bottom due to bottom lateral loads significantly decreases the ultimate hogging strength of container ships. In this Part 2, extending Smith's method for pure bending collapse analysis of a ship's hull girder, a simplified method of progressive collapse analysis of ultimate hogging strength of container ships considering bottom local loads is developed. The double bottom is idealized as a plane grillage and the rest part of the cross section as a prismatic beam. An average stress-average strain relationship of plate/stiffened plate elements employed in Smith's method is transformed into an average stress-average plastic strain relationship, and implemented in the conventional beam finite element as a pseudo strain hardening/softening behaviors. The extended Smith's method is validated through a comparison with nonlinear finite element analysis.     

Prediction of hull girder moment-carrying capacity using kinematic displacement theory

The hull girder moment capacity of a very large crude oil carrier (VLCC) called Energy Concentration (EC), for which many benchmark studies have been carried out using the simple progressive collapse method (SPCM), is predicted. In this study, three approaches are used to represent the load-shortening behavior, so-called average compressive strength, of a stiffened panel, comprising the hull section: 1) kinematic displacement theory (KDT); 2) nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA); and 3) simple formulas in the common structural rule (CSR) for tankers. Load-shortening curves for various kinds of stiffened panels in EC are compared for five different scenarios with variations of load-shortening approaches and initial imperfections. In order to verify the effect of load-shortening on the prediction accuracy of the hull girder moment-carrying capacity, load-shortening curves are imported into an SPCM-based in-house program called Ultimate Moment Analysis of Damaged Ships (UMADS). Comparison of the hull girder ultimate strength for general heeling conditions, including hogging and sagging conditions, reveals that the load-shortening curves significantly affect the hull girder moment-carrying capacities. Based on our comparison of these capacities with other benchmark results, it is concluded that nonlinear FEA provided the most conservative results, KDT provided the second most conservative results, and the CSR formulas predicted the upper bound.     

复合材料船体纵向极限承载能力分析

该文利用梁柱理论推导出复合材料梁柱的极限承载能力公式，讨论了加筋板的初始几何缺陷，载荷偏心，蒙皮屈曲后的有效蒙皮宽度对复合材料长帽形加筋板的极限承载能力的影响。利用复合材料梁柱理论计算船体甲板或船底板结构视加筋板单元构件的极限承载能力，最后由Smith法来计算复合材料船体的极限承载能力。     

Ultimate strength of container ships subjected to combined hogging moment and bottom local loads part 1: Nonlinear finite element analysis

This paper is the first of two companion papers concerning the ultimate hull girder strength of container ships subjected to combined hogging moment and bottom local loads. In the midship part of container ships, upward bottom local loads are usually larger than the downward ones. This leads to the increase of biaxial compression in the outer bottom plating and the reduction of the ultimate hull girder strength in the hogging condition. In this Part 1, the collapse behavior and ultimate strength of container ships under combined hogging moment and bottom local loads are analyzed using nonlinear finite element method. Buckling collapse behavior of bottom stiffened panels during the progressive collapse of a hull girder is closely investigated. It has been found that major factors of the reduction of ultimate hogging strength due to bottom local loads are (1) the increase of the longitudinal compression in the outer bottom and (2) the reduction of the effectiveness of the inner bottom, which is on the tension side of local bending of the double bottom. The obtained results will be utilized in the Part 2 paper to develop a simplified method of progressive collapse analysis of container ships under combined hogging moment and bottom local loads.     

Experimental and numerical investigations of the ultimate torsional strength of an ultra large container ship

Structures of ultra large container ships (ULCS) are characterized by large deck openings and low torsional rigidity. It is essential to comprehensively figure out their collapse behaviors under pure torsion with both model experiments and numerical simulations, making an evaluation of their ultimate torsional strength. In this paper, a similar scale model of a 10,000TEU container ship has been designed and manufactured first, in which both geometric similarity and strength similarity are taken into account. Next the collapse behaviors of the test model are detailedly illustrated with both experimentally and numerically obtained results. Then discussions on warping or shear buckling deformations involved in the collapse process of the structure are conducted with extended numerical simulations. Finally, the ultimate torsional strength of the true ship is evaluated according to the similarity theory. Results show that it is the yielding and shear buckling of the side shells that causes the failure of the hull girder under pure torsion. Further nonlinear finite element analysis demonstrates that it may either have warping or shear buckling deformations in the torsional collapse process of the hull girder with a large deck opening, depending on the local rigidity distribution of side shells, which has a significant effect on the ultimate torsional strength of the hull girder.     

Ultimate strength assessment of a tanker hull based on experimentally developed master curves

A geometrically similar scaling was made from small-scale specimen to full-scale stiffened panels and then their collapse behaviour is investigated. It is considered that the stiffened panel compressive ultimate strength test was designed according to geometrical scaling laws so that the output of the test could be used as representative of the stiffened panels of the compressive zone of a tanker hull subjected to vertical bending moment. The ultimate strength of a tanker hull is analysed by a FE analysis using the experimentally developed master stress-strain curves which are obtained by the beam tension test and the compressive test of the stiffened panel, and are then compared with the result achieved by the progressive collapse method.     

含凹陷损伤FPSB典型加筋板剩余极限强度研究

本文选取一型FPSB典型加筋板结构,在考虑初始缺陷的情况下采用非线性元法,通过对比研究,选定了(1/2 1 1/2)的加筋板模型以及合适的边界条件、网格尺寸。分别研究了三种不同凹陷形状对加筋板极限强度的影响,选定了以弧形凹坑为主要研究对象的凹陷形式。分别研究了凹陷损伤加筋板随凹痕深度、凹痕长度、凹痕宽度、凹痕位置变化时结构在单轴受压情况下的极限强度变化情况。本文的计算结果可对此型FPSB加筋板结构在凹陷损伤后的极限强度评估提供一定的参考。     

基于试验获取主应力应变曲线的油船极限强度评估研究(英文)

A geometrically similar scaling was made from small-scale specimen to full-scale stiffened panels and then their collapse behaviour is investigated. It is considered that the stiffened panel compressive ultimate strength test was designed according to geometrical scaling laws so that the output of the test could be used as representative of the stiffened panels of the compressive zone of a tanker hull subjected to vertical bending moment. The ultimate strength of a tanker hull is analysed by a FE analysis using the experimentally developed master stress-strain curves which are obtained by the beam tension test and the compressive test of the stiffened panel, and are then compared with the result achieved by the progressive collapse method.