赣粤运河刍议

一、赣粤运河简介 赣粤运河是长江流域和珠江流域航运规划中沟通两大水系的运河之一(另一条是湘桂运河)，也是规划中贯穿我国南北的京粤运河的南方段。它北自长江边上江西省湖口县，穿过鄱阳湖区至吴城入赣江，经南昌、吉安、万安至赣州，再经贡江入桃江至信丰，再入西河，沿小河而上到达分水岭的北面，过分水岭后人广东省浈江上游的孔江水库，然后沿浈江而下，经南雄到韶关，再沿北江干流经英德、清远至三水河口，入东平水道到达广州，全长1267公……     

迪拜世界将建沙漠通航运河

据法新社和阿联酋媒体报道，地处中东沙漠地区的阿联酋迪拜近日抛出一项令人称奇的宏伟计划：投资110亿美元建设穿越迪拜阿里山地区沙漠长达75公里的运河。据介绍，这条横跨沙漠的运河名叫“阿拉伯运河”，其计划设计宽度为150米、深6米，建成后可供长40米的船舶通航。运河工程计划于今年12月开工，3年修建完成。[第一段]     

东济运河通航功能的恢复与开发研究

东济运河是京杭运河在山东省境内的一段 ,现已完全失去通航功能。随着《南水北调》东线工程的实施 ,为该运河恢复航运功能提供了机遇。就调水资源的综合开发利用、发展航运的必要性与通航工程的建设规模及建设方案等重大问题进行具体论述     

航运

《运河通航标准》2012年1月1日起实施 为规范运河建设和管理要求,保证运河通航能力,交通运输部发布《运河通航标准》,LZ2012年1月1日起正式实施。《运河通航标准》完善了《内河通航标准》中有关限制性航道的技术规定,首次对运河提出了具体的通航技术标准;     

尼加拉瓜运河开通对未来航运和船舶设计的影响

通过比较尼加拉瓜运河开通后与巴拿马运河通航条件,分析了尼加拉瓜运河的开通将对北美航运业的影响。以干散货、原油和集装箱三大主流船型运输为例,分析了其在航运线路上具有的优势及对未来航运和船舶设计的影响。     

《运河通航标准》明年1月1日实施

目前，交通运输部发布《运河通航标准》，并规定从2012年1月1日起正式实施。《运河通航标准》与原有的国家标准《内河通航标准》相比，更有针对性，更为具体。     

京杭运河淮安段通航管理信息化总体方案设计

本文在分析运河淮安段通航管理信息化现状的基础上,从方案的基本原则、总目标与总体框架设计了运河淮安段通航管理信息化总体方案,对促进京杭运河淮安段通航管理信息化稳步长远发展具有积极意义.     

基于系统动力学方法的江汉运河通航风险管理策略模拟及其效果分析

为提高江汉运河船舶的通航安全水平,从人工渠化运河的特殊性和人、船舶、环境和管理等4个方面分析得出影响江汉运河船舶通航风险的主要因素。运用系统动力学(Systems Dynamics)方法建立江汉运河通航风险管理模型,借助Vensim软件模拟江汉运河通航风险管理系统中各个因素间的相互作用关系,针对系统各个子系统中的部分人为可控变量及人为不可控变量提出有效的管理策略以达到抑制通航风险的目的。仿真结果表明,江汉运河船舶通航风险可通过调节船舶设备运行正常率、信息化水平、助航设施完备率、船员专业素养水平及交通密度等可控变量来降低。     

湘桂运河适用船型推荐

针对湘桂运河建设规划方案，采用约束多目标优化法作为船型推荐方法，利用航道等级和《内河过闸运输船舶标准船型主尺度系列》的相关规定，确定湘桂运河可选船型的主尺度系列。根据湘桂两地的货类、货物运输需求及发展趋势，确定适用于湘桂运河的船舶种类，即干散货船、集装箱船和滚装货船。利用经济性论证方法，通过建造成本、航线和年运费收入、营业成本、现金流量、投资回收期、财务净现值等指标，比较满足条件的各船型，选择经济性最佳者作为湘桂运河的适用船型。     

安全通过基尔运河

我轮船长180m，船宽30．50m，满载排水量50003t，过运河时最大吃水6．80m，于6月份经多佛尔海峡通过基尔运河(下称运河)到波罗的海圣彼得堡港。现据自己过运河的经历、引航员的介绍以及参考有关运河的资料将我轮东进通过运河的经过和有关的注意事项简介如下，供同行们参考，希望对初过运河者能有所帮助。     

The development of the Suez Canal

This paper provides general background information relating to the physical characteristics and operations of the Suez Canal. In connection with the future development of the Canal, the research programme currently being undertaken by a British consortium is outlined, with particular reference to the traffic system presently operating.     

The expansion of the Panama Canal and its impact on global CO2 emissions from ships

As part of the discussions of the environmental effects of the expansion of the Canal through the construction of a third set of locks, the Panama Canal Authority (PCA) began to consider measuring the impact of the project on global CO₂ emissions in 2006. The hypothesis PCA intends to investigate whether the third set of locks will prompt reductions in total world CO₂ emissions or not. The Canal's third set of locks will prevent reaching the saturation point, and will avoid diversion of traffic to potentially longer alternative routes, such as the Suez Canal and Cape Horn, thereby reducing distances and fuel consumption. In addition, the widening of the Canal may promote the construction of modern-type post-Panamax vessels, making transportation of freight more efficient through economies of scale. This white paper will initiate an exploratory research on the subject based on two possible scenarios: an existing Canal and an expanded Canal. Both scenarios will take physical distances, closest alternative routes, as well as fuel consumption of vessels and other relevant modes of transportation into consideration.     

Vulnerability analysis of global container shipping liner network based on main channel disruption

The Malacca Strait, the Suez Canal and the Panama Canal play an important role in the global container shipping. To study the impact of main channel interruption on the container shipping, we analysed statistical data on all routes operated by the top 100 global container liner companies and constructed a network model. We selected four topological metrics to measure the network’s connectivity and used the network weekly total shipping capacity and average shortest shipping time to measure the network’s transportation capacity and transportation time. The interruption of the main channel is simulated, and the changes in the metrics are analysed. The results indicated that the network’s vulnerability is sensitive to main channel interruption. If the Malacca Strait is interrupted, the network’s prosperity degree fall by almost half and the network’s transportation time increase by more than a quarter if the Suez Canal is interrupted. In addition, East Asian and European container liner shipping have more than 50% dependence on the Malacca Strait and the Suez Canal. Moreover, the container transport time between ports in East Asia, Europe, and North America and the rest of the world increases by an average of 4–9 days in the main channel interruption.     

Demand Information from Incomplete Data—Application to Commercial Catfish

This paper provides general background information relating to the physical characteristics and operations of the Suez Canal. In connection with the future development of the Canal, the research programme currently being undertaken by a British consortium is outlined, with particular reference to the traffic system presently operating.     

Forecasting the Suez Canal traffic: a neural network analysis

Although the Suez Canal is the most important man-made waterway in the world, rivaled perhaps only by the Panama Canal, little research has been done into forecasting its traffic flows. This paper uses both univariate ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) and Neural network models to forecast the maritime traffic flows in the Suez Canal which are expressed in tons. One of the important strengths of the ARIMA modelling approach is the ability to go beyond the basic univariate model by considering interventions, calendar variations, outliers, or other real aspects of typically observed time series. On the other hand, neural nets have received a great deal of attention over the past few years. They are being used in the areas of prediction and classification, areas where regression models and other related statistical techniques have traditionally been used. The models obtained in this paper provide useful insight into the behaviour of maritime traffic flows since the reopening of the Canal in 1975—following an 8-year closure during the Arab–Israeli wars (1967–1973)—till 1998. The paper also compares the performance of ARIMA models with that of neural networks on an example of a large monthly dataset.     

Forecasting the Suez Canal traffic: a neural network analysis

Although the Suez Canal is the most important man-made waterway in the world, rivaled perhaps only by the Panama Canal, little research has been done into forecasting its traffic flows. This paper uses both univariate ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) and Neural network models to forecast the maritime traffic flows in the Suez Canal which are expressed in tons. One of the important strengths of the ARIMA modelling approach is the ability to go beyond the basic univariate model by considering interventions, calendar variations, outliers, or other real aspects of typically observed time series. On the other hand, neural nets have received a great deal of attention over the past few years. They are being used in the areas of prediction and classification, areas where regression models and other related statistical techniques have traditionally been used. The models obtained in this paper provide useful insight into the behaviour of maritime traffic flows since the reopening of the Canal in 1975—following an 8-year closure during the Arab-Israeli wars (1967-1973)—till 1998. The paper also compares the performance of ARIMA models with that of neural networks on an example of a large monthly dataset.     

12500t化学品/成品油船锚泊、系泊设计

介绍了 1 2 50 0t化学品 /成品油船在锚泊、系泊设计中须满足的规范、规则要求 ,包括船级社规范、巴拿马运河规则、苏伊士运河航运规则、圣·劳伦斯航道共同规则、最小安全标准、国际石油公司海事论坛、德国海上同业会、国际海上人命安全公约等 ,并介绍了锚泊系泊的常规设计     

Economic feasibility of an NSR/SCR-combined container service on the Asia-Europe lane: a new approach dynamically considering sea ice extent

The trend towards global warming and the rapid decline in the extent of summer Arctic sea ice over recent years has increased the feasibility of international Arctic shipping. In this study we propose a seasonal NSR (North Sea Route)/SCR (Suez Canal Route)-combined shipping service linking Shanghai and Rotterdam, using the Northern Sea Route during the economical navigable window but using the traditional Suez Canal Route at other times. Different from the previous literatures, this paper dynamically considers the sea ice extent in the model, which is more reasonable for the assessment of Arctic container shipping, because fuel consumption is highly related to ship speed, while ship speed is determined by the relative distances of ice-covered and ice-free route stages. A new approach is developed to predict the time points at which the ship enters and exits the ice-covered stage, given that both the ship position and the extent of sea ice are constantly changing. The results show that the NSR/SCR-combined Arctic container service can be more economical than the SCR, given lower NSR tariffs.     

The maximum shipping capacity of the Suez Canal

This paper considers the determination of the maximum shipping capacity of the Suez canal. Initially, some assumptions are made in order to calculate the ‘theoretical’ maximum capacity in terms of ‘standard ships’. This last term defines ships which transit the Canal at a given speed and at a given time interval from the vessel ahead and astern.

Data has been collected from the Canal Zone, the analysis of which provides the necessary information regarding speeds of vessels at different sections of the Canal, time gaps between different classes of ship at different nodes of the Canal, and relationships between time widths of convoys and numbers of ships in those convoys at different points of the Canal.

This data has then been used to calculate the maximum capacity of the Canal in terms of ‘real ships’. For that purpose four schemes have been devised, each taking a different mix of categories of ships. A sensitivity analysis has been undertaken in order to investigate the effect of each class of ship on the real maximum shipping capacity of the Canal. The last two schemes take into consideration the effect of the future introduction of supertankers.     

An exploratory study on the Northern Sea Route as an alternative shipping passage

This qualitative inductive research explores the potential benefits for the Scandinavian economy and ports through the implementation of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) as an alternative for container shipping to the established Southern route through the Suez Canal. To extract expert’s opinions and address these objectives, we utilised in-depth face-to-face semi-structured interviews through purposive sampling in a single case study setting. The analysis of the data demonstrates that the commercialisation of NSR can yield benefits for the Scandinavian economy (e.g. GDP increase, jobs creation) and reveals the benefits of Scandinavian ports (e.g. ECA’s, flexibility, hinterland, etc.) compared to other ports in North West Europe, which potentially grasp the NSR as an opportunity. However, it is highlighted that this can only be achieved if Scandinavian countries are proactive and secure their involvement.