水火弯板残余变形预报的数值和量纲分析(英文)

Line heating process is a very complex phenomenon as a variety of factors affects the amount of residual deformations. Numerical thermal and mechanical analysis of line heating for prediction of residual deformation is time consuming. In the present work dimensional analysis has been presented to obtain a new relationship between input parameters and resulting residual deformations during line heating process. The temperature distribution and residual deformations for 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm and 12 mm thick steel plates were numerically estimated and compared with experimental and published results. Extensive data generated through a validated FE model were used to find co-relationship between the input parameters and the resulting residual deformation by multiple regression analysis. The results obtained from the deformation equations developed in this work compared well with those of the FE analysis with a drop in the computation time in the order of 100 (computational time required for FE analysis is around 7 200 second to 9 000 seconds and where the time required for getting the residual deformation by developed equations is only 60 to 90 seconds).     

双通线加热的热力学及实验分析(英文)

The present investigation deals with process analysis of oxy-acetylene flame assisted double pass line heating for varying plate thickness. oxy-acetylene flame as the heat source for multi pass line heating to achieve 3-D bending of plates with varying thicknesses was studied. The oxy-acetylene flame was modeled as the moving heat source in the FEM analysis. The transient thermal histories were predicted taking into account the temperature dependent thermo-mechanical properties. A comparative study between single pass and double pass line heating residual deformation was also carried out. The temperature distribution and residual deformations predicted by the numerical model developed in the present work compared fairly well with those of the experimental ones.     

基于插补原理的船体复杂曲面加热线布置方法

船体曲面成形技术是船舶加工过程中重要的环节。如何更好更快实现船体复杂曲面加工,一致以来备受国内外学者的关注。本文借鉴插补原理,对传统船体复杂曲面加热线布置进行了优化设计,得到了圆弧形板、s形板、帆形板和马鞍板的加热线。采用COMSOL Multiphysics多物理场仿真软件,分析四种加热线下钢板变形情况,并通过实验检验了插补形式下的船体曲面成形效果。结果表明：(1)插补算法得到的船体曲面加热线路程比传统加热线路程节约75%以上。(2)对有限元计算位移进行曲面拟合,得到的预测模型与实际船体曲面基本一致。(3)实验了四种曲面加热线,并将有限元预测位移与实验进行对比,二者误差在6%以内,有限元计算与实验结果基本吻合。该方法降低加工时间,提高加工效率。     

船体三维曲面外板成形工艺方法研究进展

船体外板中的船板零件有相当部分是三维曲面,其加工成形是船舶生产中的重要环节。传统的弯板主要有水火弯板和冷弯加工两种方法。通过分析发现,弯板加工方法虽然取得了一些成果,但还存在自动化水平不够、与生产实际存在误差以及弯板过程中的压痕、回弹等技术难题,不能适应数字化造船的要求,需要业界进一步的研究与开拓。文中的介绍与分析可为相关工作人员提供参考和借鉴。     

水火弯板工艺参数和角变形关系的有限元分析

对于完全采用水火弯板成形船体板的情况,根据要加工形成的角变形量给出合适的工艺参数是水火弯板成形系统必须解决的问题.为了确定工艺参数,必须探索加热条件和角变形之间的关系.为此,文章提出了利用小板的变形来研究大板变形情况的相似性规律,并且用体功率模型来综合地考虑火焰速度、火焰有效功率、火焰作用半径和钢板厚度对角变形所引起的综合作用.基于这些分析方法,利用三维有限元法分析热源气体流量和热源速度对于不同厚度钢板的成形关系.     

船体外板加工成型自动检测方法研究

应用水火弯板智能机器人测量加工后的钢板表面数据,采用Ferguson曲面模拟钢板曲面;借助参数样条曲线、空间坐标转换及误差分析理论,分别对加工后的钢板横向和纵向成型,及扭曲进行计算,以判别船体曲面外板成型状态,并提供未成型钢板二次加工所需的补火位置及补火量等信息.算例表明,该方法可对加工后的钢板成型情况作出符合工程要求的判别.     

基于高频感应加热的船用钢板材弯曲成形

在船舶建造过程中,高频感应加热是实现船体板材高效高精度弯曲成形的重要方法。本文首先采用25KW新型高频感应加热设备,进行不同感应加热过程及工艺的实验,得到典型弯曲形式的船体外板（马鞍型和帆型）。同时,采用三坐标定位仪进行面外弯曲变形的测量和曲面重构,得到实验板材面外弯曲变形的分布和数值。通过热-弹-塑性有限元分析与弹性有限元分析两种方法,计算预测板材在高频感应加热作用下的面外弯曲变形;两种数值方法预测的板材面外弯曲变形趋势和数值与测量结果比较吻合,且在弹性有限元分析中,计算机资源消耗少,计算结果精度高。     

球扁钢肋骨纵向弯曲火工矫正研究

针对船体球扁钢肋骨三角形加热矫正纵向弯曲变形时加热区的计算,通过全站仪测量肋骨与板材线型,使用非均匀B样条拟合曲线后计算了两者的装配偏差。研究了矫正时加热区的计算算法和计算流程,在MATLAB的GUI模块中开发了球扁钢肋骨三角形加热区预报系统,实现了肋骨与板材线型测量数据的导入、曲线的拟合、装配偏差的计算、三角形加热的位置与工艺参数的准确预报。研究内容和成果对火工矫正球扁钢肋骨纵向弯曲变形的现场施工提供了一定的参考和指导。     

鞍形板水火加工工艺参数预报方法研究

利用氧乙炔焰或其他热源的水火弯板工艺,广泛应用于船体外壳的建造.本文应用鞍形板水火加工工艺参数的数学模型,结合曲板成型所需局部收缩量的理论计算结果,进行了鞍形板水火加工工艺参数预报方法的研究,并在此基础上建立了预报系统.该预报系统能够给出鞍形板加工焰道的合理布置方案和加工工艺参数.通过算例证明该系统具有工程使用价值.     

Study of automatic designing of line heating technique parameters

1Introduction Lineheatingisashellplateheatprocessingmethod usedinshipbuildingproduction.Itisacomplexand difficulttechnique,mainlyusedindoublebending shellplateforming.Becausetherearemanyinfluence factorsinplateforming,theinfluencedisciplineis hardtopredic…     

高频感应热源应用于水火弯板工艺的可行性研究(英文)

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of high-frequency induction heat for the line heating process through a series of experimental studies and numerical calculations. The results show that the heating temperature of induction heating meets the demands of steel plate bending, and the deformation of a steel plate heated by induction heating can achieve the same effect as flame heating. Meanwhile, the finite element model of moving induction heating of the plate is developed, and the comparison of the residual strain fields and transverse shrinkage between these two kinds of heating shows that great similarity has been achieved.     

Study on the automatic process of line heating for pillow shape plate

1Introduction Lineheatingprocess,utilizingtheoxyacetyleneflame orotherheatsource,iswidelyappliedintheproduc tionofshiphull.Inlineheatingprocess,thearrange mentofprocessingheatingpathsandthedetermination oftechnicalparametersdirectlyinfluencetheefficiency …     

Plastic design of laterally patch loaded plates for ships

Laterally loaded rectangular plates are used extensively in various marine structures, and they are often subjected to patch loading during ice action or accidental actions, such as collision and grounding. Therefore, focus is placed on investigating the resistance of laterally patch loaded plates. Plastic yield line theory has been adopted in this paper, since considerable plastic behavior is exhibited. The beneficial influence of the membrane effect during finite deformations is taken into account. The derivation of the “roof-top”-type patch loading mechanism using work energy principles is described in some detail. An alternative collapse model, as named “double-diamond” pattern herein, is proposed which could reduce the resistance and agrees better with the results from nonlinear finite element analysis (NLFEA) in plastic bending phase compared to the conventional “roof-top” model. Moreover, a plate length restriction factor is introduced to enhance the applicability of the present formulation when free formation of the collapse mechanism is restricted by the finite length of the plate. The developed formulae show reasonable agreement with the results from NLFEA of the plate resistance–deformation relationships. The resistance according to the proposed formulation is also compared with the recently developed International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) unified requirements for plating design for polar ships.     

水火弯板成形因素对横向收缩量的影响

水火弯板自动化的研究需要定量化地确定横向收缩量.本文采用实验和有限元分析相互结合的方法来研究线加热过程中的横向收缩量.首先,利用水火弯板实验的结果标定有限元分析中呈高斯分布的热源模型参数,而后利用数值模拟的方法探讨水火弯板成形因素对横向收缩量的影响.这些因素包括自然对流换热系数、有无水冷、热源速度、加热焰道长度、燃气流量和横向曲率半径.研究结果表明:自然对流换热系数和横向曲率半径对横向收缩的影响很小;跟踪水冷可以形成有效的收缩;不同燃气流量的热输入有不同的横向收缩变形.本文提出了综合考虑火焰速度、火焰有效功率、火焰作用半径和钢板厚度的热源体能量模型,该模型可以更好地反映这些热输入影响参数所引起的综合作用.     

不可展曲面近似展开的保形映射法

提出了以保形作为基本展开原则,对不可展曲面进行近似展开的保形映射法.以船体帆型板为例,给出了整张板的展开方法及顺序,并通过对船厂实船板保形映射展开后所得到的各项数据进行分析,来阐明该方法的正确性.     

钢板弯曲工艺中的高频感应加热过程数值分析

作为电磁感应热源应用于船体板水火弯板工艺的一项基础研究,首先阐述了钢板感应加热的磁热耦合理论,然后利用ANSYS软件代码开发了钢板感应加热的有限元模型.数值计算结果和实验结果相一致,并得出了钢板感应加热过程中的电磁场分布规律和和温度随时间的变化规律,计算结果符合感应加热的特征.     

散货船舱口盖剩余强度

通过对散货船舱口盖极限强度的理论分析，采用了正交各向异性板及刚塑性模型进行了理论上的推导，并对7万t散货船的1号舱的舱口盖(两块对称滚动式)，进行了ILL66及IACS URS21(1998年版与上述ILL66的88议定书中载荷的量级相当)的外载荷的比较及线性和非线性的有限元分析。本文所采用的有限元的线性及弹塑性计算对实际的舱口盖进行评估的结果证明，IACS URS21(ILL66的88议定书)的标准比ILL66的标准有所提高。采用非线性有限元法是在初始设计阶段使用的可行方法。这些结果可供规范研制工作参考。     

基于计算机视觉的水火弯板线位移测量系统

详细介绍了研制开发的基于计算机视觉的水火弯板线位移测量系统的主要组成与工作原理 ,该系统的成功应用 ,对研究水火弯板成形加工规律、实现水火弯板的机械化及自动化提供了支持     

电磁力辅助线加热成形的加工温度优化分析

在船体外板线加热成形的过程中,利用电磁力促进钢板成形,可以提高钢板的成形效率和成形精度,此方法称为电磁力辅助线加热成形工艺.采用数值仿真手段对这种新工艺进行分析,在建立多物理场耦合的三维有限元模型的基础上进行模拟计算,研究了钢板表面温度对电磁力辅助钢板成形效果的影响,并对电磁力的辅助成形效果和钢板表面温度之间的关系进行了优化分析.     

The research on signal-obtaining pattern for a new type of gyroscope

In this paper, a photoelectric signal obtained scheme via equator triangle pattern engraved on rotor is discussed and the mathematic model is deduced in the case which is deflexion between rotor axis and the coordinate frame of case. The deflexion error and coupling error under the situation are analyzed. Finally, three methods of engraving based on the spherical triangle pattern are presented. The error models of various methods are built up and the simulation curves are provided respectively. We have done the primary experiments on the surface of rotor using this method. It can be seen from the enlarged figures that the rim of the pattern is smooth and the demand of sensor resolution is satisfied by and large. The results of study supply reference for signal obtaining.