可转向电动平车搬运技术开发与应用

重力式码头工程的预制构件一般重量较大,在批量大、规格多的情况下,选择何种搬运工艺,涉及场地布置、设备选用、施工操作人员的劳动强度、搬运效率和经济合理等一系列问题.采用2台轨道电动平车组合搬运3000~5000kN方块的工艺,为重力式码头的构件搬运开辟了新的途径,在港口水工建筑施工中具有广阔的应用前景.     

地理信息档案管理的探讨

随着现代科学信息技术迅猛发展和广泛应用,我国测绘业已基本实现由传统模拟测绘技术体系向数字化、信息化测绘技术体系的跨越.地理信息是一种以采集、贮存、管理、分析和描述整个或部分地球表面空间地理分布有关数据的空间信息,已广泛应用于交通、电力、水利、农林、国土资源、环境保护、金融、电信、地质、矿产、城市建设、教育、人口、海洋以及军事等几十个领域.     

德国劳氏船级社在中国

法国船级社(BV)收购德国劳氏船级社(GL)已落下帷幕,收购失败.BV首席执行官曾强调,GL如果与BV合并,两大船级社将在世界各大船级社等机构中占据领先地位,这一地位在亚洲显得至关重要,大量投资将流向亚洲尤其是中国,以满足快速发展的船舶业市场.但是,GL汉堡总部对提高地位这一说法并不信服,因为自1994以来,GL已经在中国取得了稳固的市场地位,现在中国有50多家船厂已经拿到了超过350艘集装箱船、多功能船、散货船、油轮和化学品船的订单,而客户们信赖GL的质量保证、快速批准计划和可靠的技术支持.     

跨越10000箱——南通中远川崎建成交付中国首艘万箱集装箱船纪实

2008年4月3日上午。南通中远川崎船舶舾装码头彩旗飘扬，人头攒动，锣鼓喧天。全国政协副主席李金华、政协常委高俊良，交通运输部副部长徐祖远，江苏省副省长张卫国，中远集团总裁魏家福、党组书记张富生等集团领导，日本川崎重工株式会社副社长寺崎正俊以及南通市有关领导．日本川崎重工、中远造船工业公司和业界代表一百余人共同见证了中国首制1万标箱集装箱船——中远大洋洲轮命名交付仪式。     

理念精神舆论——关于交通软实力建设的思考

党的十七大文件中第一次提到国家软实力问题。完成中华民族的伟大复兴，在于综合国力的全面提升，而综合国力既包括由经济、科技、军事实力等表现出来的“硬实力”，也包括以文化、意识形态吸引力体现出来的“软实力”。行业软实力是指一个行业以其自身的地位、作用和形象对社会产生的影响力、对公众产生的吸引力和对其他行业产生的仿效力。概括地讲，行业“软实力”包括三个要素，即理念先导力、精神感召力和舆论引导力，其中理念是先导，精神是动力，舆论是环境。     

真的"猛士"和真正的"大人物"

公元前200多年,中国历史上演了有名的一幕:楚汉之争. 当时的情况是楚强汉弱,汉王刘邦连连吃败仗.可是刘邦是块牛皮糖、是个不倒翁,败了就逃,逃了又兜个圈子转回来,再打.楚王项羽受不了,对刘邦说:"不如我们一对一单挑,决个雌雄罢,免得天下百姓再为你我二人白白受苦了!"(愿与王独身挑战,以决雌雄,毋徒令天下父子为也.)刘邦笑了笑,答道:"吾宁斗智,不愿斗力."结果,力能拔山、气可盖世的楚霸王项羽,就这样慢慢被刘邦"耗"死了--流氓出身的刘邦成了汉高祖.     

采用沿岸动力概念以减少埃及红海海域高速船燃料消耗与降低排放(英文)

The progress of economic globalization,the rapid growth of international trade,and the maritime transportation has played an increasingly significant role in the international supply chain.As a result,worldwide seaports have suffered from a central problem,which appears in the form of massive amounts of fuel consumed and exhaust gas fumes emitted from the ships while berthed.Many ports have taken the necessary precautions to overcome this problem,while others still suffer due to the presence of technical and financial constraints.In this paper,the barriers,interconnection standards,rules,regulations,power sources,and economic and environmental analysis related to ships,shore-side power were studied in efforts to find a solution to overcome his problem.As a case study,this paper investigates the practicability,costs and benefits of switching from onboard ship auxiliary engines to shore-side power connection for high-speed crafts called Alkahera while berthed at the port of Safaga,Egypt.The results provide the national electricity grid concept as the best economical selection with 49.03 percent of annual cost saving.Moreover,environmentally,it could achieve an annual reduction in exhaust gas emissions of CO2,CO,NOx,P.M,and SO2by 276,2.32,18.87,0.825 and 3.84 tons,respectively.     

Bucket Group Effect of the Composite Multi-bucket Structure

As a novel type of foundation in beach and shallow sea,the bucket structure is especially suitable for complex conditionssuch as soft clay ground and the worse types of sea environments.In this paper, the bearing capacity of a multi-bucket structure isstudied by experiments with a single bucket and four-bucketfoundation in a saturated sand layer. Based on the experimentaldata and numerical analysis results, the bearing capacity behaviorand the bucket group effect are compared and analyzed.Furthermore, some influential factors, such as the soil type, theratio of length to diameter L/D, the ratio of the bucket spacing tothe bucket diameter S/D, and the bucket number are introduced andtheir effects on the multi-bucket structural capacity are investigatedThe vertical static capacity adjustment factor is introduced toevaluate the bucket group effects of the multi-bucket foundation.     

微山船闸改扩建模式的探讨

京杭运河是我131南北向水上运输尤其是煤炭运输的大动脉,同时也承担了南水北调输水主干线的重任,具有极其重要的战略地位.微山船闸作为京杭运河Ⅱ级坝上唯一的通航枢纽,承担着京杭运河过Ⅱ级坝的所有货物运输量.为促进区域经济发展,保持京杭运河航运的畅通,充分发挥京杭运河国家水运主通道的作用,彻底消除安全隐患,从工程、环境、经济等角度探讨微山船闸的改扩建模式.     

有限水深中垂直下潜弹性薄板的水波散射(英文)

The problem of water wave scattering by a thin vertical elastic plate submerged in uniform finite depth water is investigated here.The boundary condition on the elastic plate is derived from the Bernoulli-Euler equation of motion satisfied by the plate.Using the Green’s function technique,from this boundary condition,the normal velocity of the plate is expressed in terms of the difference between the velocity potentials(unknown)across the plate.The two ends of the plate are either clamped or free.The reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained in terms of the integrals’involving combinations of the unknown velocity potential on the two sides of the plate,which satisfy three simultaneous integral equations and are solved numerically.These coefficients are computed numerically for various values of different parameters and depicted graphically against the wave number in a number of figures.     

基于约束理论的船舶管系加工进度计划系统研究

船舶管系生产是船舶建造的一个重要部分,管系生产的进度情况直接影响着全船的建造计划.该研究结合管加工工厂生产管理中的实际问题,通过引入约束管理理论(TOC),开发了适用于船舶管系生产的进度计划系统.该系统集成了管子制品模型、生产资源模型、生产作业模型以及加工数据库,实现了作业计划和生产进度计划编制的自动化.此外,该文评价了系统在应用中所取得的效果,认为系统在管子生产的进度管理、设备利用率和库存等方面均具有较传统方法更优的表现.     

仿真在造船企业管子生产物流系统中的应用

以某造船企业管子分厂产能评估为应用背景,针对生产过程为多班制、多工艺、多工序、混合作业的复杂生产方式,将生产物流仿真系统分为输入层、仿真层、输出层三个层次,采用面向对象的仿真技术,把管子生产物流中的各种要素分为不同的类,构建了管子生产物流系统的仿真模型.并对管子分厂生产能力在不同工况条件下,在不同生产调度策略下分别进行了评估.通过仿真评估帮助决策者制定出最佳的决策,提高生产能力.     

Development of a shipyard simulator based on Petri nets

There are many restrictions on production in the factory. The most efficient production schedule should be planned taking these restrictions into account. Professional skill is necessary to plan the best schedule. A schedule planner has to deal with so much information during production planning that it is difficult to plan the best production schedule with a consideration of so many restrictions. In this study we introduced the use of Petri nets to support such production planning with a computer. Petri nets have been widely used to simulate production because of their capability of modeling concurrency, synchronization, and sequencing in discrete-event systems. This paper reports on implementing a simulation system for the shipyard. We had already implemented a production planning support system for a shipyard that is a part of the computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) system in shipbuilding. Based on this system, we implemented a shipyard simulator that can simulate the production activity in the shipyard. We therefore have defined a shipyard model. The production conditions can be changed, and the efficiency of a schedule can be evaluated. This paper discusses the effectiveness of using a factory simulator. Received for publication on Oct. 5, 1998; accepted on May 12, 1999     

论现代造船体制的特征和实践

中国一流船厂的造船综合生产效率仅为国际水平的十几分之一。症结在于尚未建立起符合成组技术原理的现代造体制，笔者认为，混合工种的生产组织，流通量控制的生产管理，分道布置的生产流程和壳舾涂一体化的作业方法是现代造船体制之基本特征，其实质是柔性化的流水生产，笔者提出了以理论研究为牵引，造船之首道工序为起点，从改革最基层的生产组织，建立“微型工厂”做起的实施思路，同时，论述了结合江南造船厂新建管子车间，广州     

船体分段制造网络计划最低成本日程

基于压缩工序持续时间与成本的关系,提出了总成本最低时网络计划的最优工期模型——最低成本日程优化模型,并以船舶分段制造日程计划为应用对象验证了模型的有效性。     

在船舶管系设计中的一种简易精度控制的方法

在船舶管路系统设计中，弯管数量占管子总数的一半以上，管系的设计和加工直接影响到造船的进度和产量。采用矢量代数理论建立了完整的管子设计模型和计算公式，并就轮机专业工程师在TRIBON系统中进行管路放样给出了一种简易的三角函数方法和计算机电子表格程序。     

造船生产中车间作业调度的优化与仿真

针对造船生产的特点,提出利用EXTEND仿真软件及其遗传算法模块对车间作业调度问题进行优化和仿真的方法,为解决这类生产计划与调度问题提供新的方法和途径。     

Modeling and analysis of panel hull block assembly system through timed colored Petri net

To implement efficient production control, this paper provides a timed colored Petri net (timed CPN) approach to performance modeling, real-timed dispatching and simulation of Panel hull block assembly system (PHBAS). The definition of Petri net is extended to accord with the real-world PHBAS’s organization, and the modeling method for hull flow production is provided in order to simplify modeling program. Using modeling and analyzing method, the dynamic characteristics of the system can be emulated and quantitatively calculated and work control tactics can be optimized. For the double bottom hull block shipbuilding system in a recently built shipyard in China, the simulation model with timed CPN was described and the system parameters and optimal task sequence which has the minimum operation time were obtained for a scheduling case.     

造船业的创新与竞争

文章通过近２００年的造船发展史简介和对未来造船技术进步的预测,提出船舶生产的机理是“连接技术”和“社会技术”的持续创新,作为现代造船的基本特征是船厂范围的造船过程的“空间分道”和“时间有序”,造船的基本特征将是全球的造船过程的“异地同行”和“无缝整合”。     

面向多约束的船舶组立构件建造作业调度方法研究

为了提高船舶中小组立等中间产品建造作业调度能力，提升船舶建造效率，提出面向多约束的船舶组立建造作业调度方法。首先，分析船舶组立建造的工艺流程和作业调度方法，综合考虑机器小组、工艺和交货期等多种约束条件，以建造周期最短为调度目标，建立船舶组立建造作业调度数学模型；其次，综合运用算法分解策略及调度规则，设计改进的最短作业优先调度算法实现模型求解；最后，以某船厂建造车间一定生产周期（17天）的中小组立先行中日程计划为对象，验证该方法的有效性和实用性。研究结果表明，所提出的面向多约束的船舶组立建造作业调度方法相较于当前的调度方法，排产周期压缩22小时，即缩短了原有周期的16.18%，有效提高了生产计划排产和作业调度效率。