Coupled Element Modeling Scheme for the Global Dynamic Analysis of Unbonded Flexible Risers

A coupled element modeling method is proposed for global dynamic analyses of unbonded flexible risers.Owing to the multi-layer structure of unbonded flexible risers, the global-dynamic-analysis method applied to the steel rigid risers is insufficient for flexible risers. The main challenges lie in the enormous difference between the anti-tension and anti-binding capacity of unbonded flexible risers which results in serious ill-conditional calculation in global dynamic analysis. In order to solve this problem, the coupled element modeling approach was proposed in this study. A time domain fatigue analysis was applied to illustrate the necessity of the proposed approach.A dynamic benchmark case is used to demonstrate the accuracy of the coupled element method respectively.Subsequently the validated coupling element method is employed to conduct the global dynamic analyses for a free hanging flexible riser. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach can give the accurate global dynamic response under the guidance of the fatigue failure mode for unbonded flexible riser. The parametric influence analyses also provide a practical and effective way for predicting the global dynamic response.     

下穿公路连拱隧道双层管棚预加固作用数值分析

以土江冲隧道为背景,采用FLAC^30软件对双层管棚在下穿公路连拱隧道施工中的加固作用进行分析,数值计算中以梁单元模拟管棚钢管,适当提高管棚加固区围岩参数模拟管棚注浆．计算结果表明：隧道掌子面附近管棚的变形和受力较大,通过设置管棚和不设置管棚两种计算结果与现场测试数据之间的相互比较,对双层管棚在既有公路下连拱隧道施工中的预加固作用进行了评价．比较结果表明：管棚的主要作用是抑制地层位移和主洞初期支护变形,采用双层管棚可使隧道开挖引起的地表沉降减小40％-50％．     

静压桩对邻近埋地管道性能影响的数值分析

为了分析静压沉桩过程对邻近埋地管道性能的影响,基于位移贯入法模拟静压沉桩的二维有限元数值方法,建立了桩-土、管-土接触面并在桩顶施加位移荷载实现动态压桩过程,并综合分析了压桩过程中沉桩深度、桩径大小、管道中心与桩体中心的水平距离以及管道的埋深等因素对管道变形与力学性能的影响.研究结果表明:同等条件下,增加管-桩水平距离,管道水平位移、径向变形和管周应力相应减小,近桩侧管周土体的最大水平应力约为不设置管道时的1.5倍;随着沉桩深度增大,初始使管道产生明显水平位移的临界沉桩深度约为管道上方1 m处,随后管道水平位移呈现先增大后略微减小,并最终趋于稳定的趋势,且当沉桩深度为2倍埋深时管道水平位移最大;管道埋深越大,管道受沉桩挤土效应的影响越明显;当埋深为5倍管径时,沉桩桩径减少25%时管道最大水平位移减少27.8%,表明减小桩径可显著降低沉桩对周边管道性能的影响.      

多年冻土地区无基波纹管涵洞冻胀分析

为分析波纹管涵洞冻胀下的受力机理,利用大型有限元软件对多年冻土地区采用的金属波纹管涵洞进行力学性能分析,具体分析了在底面两端产生不同的冻胀量时,换填厚度、壁厚、上部填土厚度对涵管受力性能的影响,提出了针对常用直径为1m的波纹管涵洞适用的结构形式;同时得出了金属波纹管本身具有较大的横向补偿位移的能力,可适应较大的变形和沉降要求.     

多年冻土地区无基波纹管涵洞冻胀分析

为分析波纹管涵洞冻胀下的受力机理,利用大型有限元软件对多年冻土地区采用的金属波纹管涵洞进行力学性能分析,具体分析了在底面两端产生不同的冻胀量时,换填厚度、壁厚、上部填土厚度对涵管受力性能的影响,提出了针对常用直径为1m的波纹管涵洞适用的结构形式;同时得出了金属波纹管本身具有较大的横向补偿位移的能力,可适应较大的变形和沉降要求.     

Mechanical response of steel wire wound reinforced rubber flexible pipe under internal pressure

Steel wire wound reinforced flexible pipe in this study mainly consists of multiple anisotropic steel wire wound reinforcement layers and multiple isotropic rubber layers. Based on 3D anisotropic elastic theory, the analytic solutions of stresses and elastic deformations of steel wire wound reinforced rubber flexible pipe under internal pressure are presented. As the adjacent reinforcement layers with wound angle have different radii, the single reinforcement layer shows the effect of tensile-shear coupling. Moreover, the static loading test results of steel wire wound reinforced rubber flexible pipe under internal pressure are basically coincided with the calculated values by present method.     

半刚性与柔性基层沥青路面重载适应性对比分析

以路面力学APBI程序为计算工具,对重载车辆荷载作用下的半刚性基层沥青路面和柔性基层沥青路面进行力学响应对比分析,研究路表弯沉、路面结构各层次（包括路表、面层、基层、底基层）的力学特性。结果表明,半刚性路面与柔性路面的重载适应性存在明显差异。通过对半刚性基层与柔性基层结构的合理优化组合,实现两种路面结构的优势互补。     

热棒路基降温效应的数值模拟

基于青藏公路冻土路基病害整治热棒试验工程,建立热棒路基的等效传热模型,运用有限元方法对其进行数值模拟,研究青藏公路环境条件下热棒的工作周期、工作状态与作用半径,并通过对试验工程2a观测数据分析,对比研究热棒在冻土路基中的降温效应。研究发现,热棒在约为5个月的工作周期内并非连续工作而呈波动式,实际工作时间为工作周期的2／3;热棒路基冬季降温效果明显,有利于路基土体冷储量增加,提高路基热稳定性;热棒在路基中的降温强度,水平方向随距离增大而衰减,有效作用半径为2．25m,深度方向在热棒蒸发段最大,降低上限附近季节融化层冻土热融敏感性。结果表明,青藏公路热棒试验工程中其间距采用4．0m是合理的,路基双侧设置热棒优于单侧,热棒向路基中心斜置更好。     

Numerical study of the forming process of high frequency welded pipe

The roll forming process is applied to the manufacturing of high frequency welded (HFW) pipes,section steels,etc. In this paper,the roll forming process of the HFW pipe is simulated with the finite element method (FEM). A user-defined material routine of the commercial finite element code ABAQUS/Explicit is developed,and the mixed hardening constitution model is realized through the user-defined material routine. Based on the mixed hardening constitutive equation,the numerical simulation of roll forming pro...     

Finite element simulation of rod and wire continuous rolling

This paper discusses the application of several techniques involved in the development of the 3D finite element (FE) models of rod and wire continuous rolling process. The FE models are implemented into the FE-program MSC.Marc and used to investigate the thermal and mechanical behavior of billet during the rolling process. All nonlinear equations included in the models are solved by the static and dynamic procedures, respectively. Data transfer technique is proposed to keep the continuity of simulation results. And the computational time of static procedure is significantly reduced by using a rigid pushing body. In all models, the constant time step method and the auto time step method are respectively used to define time step for the solution of equations. Simulation results of the models with different time step methods are compared. And comparison between calculated values and measured ones of the temperature at the surface of billet shows the validity of the FE models.     

布置冷却水的桥梁承台大体积混凝土降温效果研究

布置多层迂回冷却水管是降低桥梁承台大体积混凝土水化热的一项有效措施,文章通过有限元数值分析给出了某承台温度场及应力场随时间的变化情况,研究了不同冷却水管布置方式下混凝土的降温效果。分析表明,在一般施工条件下,连续通水时间宜控制在3～4d,冷却水管层间距一般不宜超过1.25m,否则温升容易超出大体积混凝土施工规范的限值。     

基于医学影像学的心血管支架力学性能分析

为了寻找更为简便的基于医学影像学狭窄血管建模的方法,利用特征轮廓提取的简化建模方法,建立了基于狭窄冠脉CT图像的血管支架-狭窄血管耦合有限元模型,对比分析了血管支架在基于CT的狭窄血管模型和理想化狭窄血管模型中的力学行为,引用临床研究结果分析了两种模型计算的合理性.研究结果表明,两种模型在支架的应力分布、撑开刚度、回弹率、狗骨头 率、血管管腔面积等力学性质上均存在差异,基于CT模型中,血管平均应力1.22 MPa,最小管腔面积6.1 mm2;理想化模型中血管平均应力1.54 MPa,最小管腔面积5.1 mm2;基于CT的有限元模型分析结果更接近临床研究结果.      

输油管道土压力分析

应用ABAQUS有限元软件,采用库伦摩擦模型模拟管土接触面上的法向和切向行为,建立了管土结构有限元分析模型.应用该模型;分析了管周土压力的分布、大小和管土相对刚度.结果表明:管土相互作用对管道受到的土压力分布和大小有重要影响;管道竖向和水平向土压力在管径宽度和高度范围内大致呈抛物线分布,当管座地基与同填土刚度不同时在交...     

基于不同外形参数模型的汽车外流场仿真

运用三维建模软件建立某型汽车的CAD模型,并基于知识工程模块设置一组影响汽车空气动力学的参数:前风窗角(FWW)、后风窗角(BWW)、接近角(AFA)、离去角(DRA),通过改变这些参数得到8种不同的汽车模型;将得到的参数化模型运用计算流体力学(CFD)软件Star - ccm+对其进行空气动力学模拟分析,模拟出不同参...     

Poly(Dimethylbenzimidazolium) Iodide Assisted Dispersion of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Palladium Nanoparticle Hybrid

Experimental measurements of stresses and strains for lower extremity injuries (LEI) are invasive, and therefore, predictions require physiologically accurate 3D finite element (FE) models of the foot and ankle. In previous models, skin is typically neglected. However, experimental studies have shown that skin is much stiffer than soft tissue. In this study, the material sensitivity of skin on foot arch deformation is investigated. A finite element model of the foot is developed, incorporating bones, soft tissue, ligament, articulating surfaces, plantar aponeurosis, skin and plantar plate. Balanced standing is simulated without skin or with three different skin mechanical properties. By including different skin models, the foot static vertical stiffness, navicular displacement and plantar aponeurosis strain change significantly, when compared with the model without skin. The study shows that skin, showing a much stiffer behaviour than soft tissue, should not be neglected in the foot modelling. Further, the plantar plate considered in this model can give merit to modelling injuries such as plantar plate tearing.     

Effect of Skin on Finite Element Modeling of Foot and Ankle During Balanced Standing

Experimental measurements of stresses and strains for lower extremity injuries(LEI) are invasive, and therefore, predictions require physiologically accurate 3D finite element(FE) models of the foot and ankle. In previous models, skin is typically neglected. However, experimental studies have shown that skin is much stiffer than soft tissue. In this study, the material sensitivity of skin on foot arch deformation is investigated. A finite element model of the foot is developed, incorporating bones, soft tissue, ligament, articulating surfaces, plantar aponeurosis, skin and plantar plate. Balanced standing is simulated without skin or with three different skin mechanical properties. By including different skin models, the foot static vertical stiffness, navicular displacement and plantar aponeurosis strain change significantly, when compared with the model without skin. The study shows that skin, showing a much stiffer behaviour than soft tissue, should not be neglected in the foot modelling. Further,the plantar plate considered in this model can give merit to modelling injuries such as plantar plate tearing.     

Prediction of Welding Residual Stress in 2. 25Cr-1Mo Steel Pipe

Introduction2.25Cr-1Mo-steel is widely used in thepetroleum industry and in steam power generatingof both nuclear and conventional power plants be-cause of its excellent high-temperature strength,corrosion resistibility,and resistance to high-tem-perature hydrogen attack.Because several alloy el-ements are added into2.25Cr-1Mo-steel,marten-site is prone to form after welding.It has been rec-ognized that phase transformation can radically af-fect the development of residual stresses[1-2].Inor…     

南京长江第四大桥北锚碇大体积混凝土温控技术

南京长江第四大桥北锚碇为典型的大体积混凝土结构,在施工过程中要制定相应的温控措施,防止因水化热作用而使混凝土产生裂缝.文章结合现场的水文、气象及施工条件,针对锚体结构提出了各项温控措施,包括锚体分层浇筑、混凝土配合比优化设计、布置冷却水管、现场温度监测等;并采用有限元软件MIDAS对结构进行模拟分析,对温控效果进行预测,同时为现场施工提供监控数据.     

肘形挠性接管机械阻抗试验方法研究

通过分析肘形挠性接管机械阻抗的试验原理,设计了机械阻抗试验的试验装置,研究了试验步骤和试验数据的处理方法.试验结果表明,输入阻抗在肘形管的固有频率处达到最低,同一方向上的2个传递阻抗几乎完全一样,说明试验数据是可信的、方法是可行的.     

适应大型飞机的沥青道面结构有限元模型

借助ABAQUS通用有限元软件,建立了3层道面结构有限元模型,分析了模型的几何尺寸、边界条件、层间接触条件、单元类型、网格的划分对大型飞机荷载作用下道面结构力学响应的影响,提出了适应大型飞机的机场沥青道面结构有限元模型参数,并用实测力学响应数据对模型的有效性进行了验证。研究结果表明:在大型飞机全起落架荷载作用下,有限元模型几何尺寸宜为30m×30m×10m,层间完全连续选用tie连接;单元类型宜采用C3D8R,荷载区域的单元大小控制在不大于0.05m×0.05m;模型底部所有位移全部约束,模型四周约束对应水平方向的位移。实测数据验证结果表明有限元模型有效。