海洋平台结构系统疲劳可靠性分析的一阶二次矩方法

本文提出了海洋平台结构系统疲劳可靠性分析的一阶二次矩方法，海洋平台结构系统中疲劳破坏的失效途径用一由若于失效单元组成的并闻系统来模拟，失效单元代表了平台结构中易发生疲劳破坏的管节点，文中寻出了失效单元依次破坏时的疲劳寿命与它们在其他单元均未破坏下的疲劳寿命之间的一船关系式，并用一阶二次矩方法计算上述并联系统的失效概率。     

轴向载荷下多平面DT型管节点应力集中系数概率模型研究

应力集中系数作为一个随机变量,对管节点及导管架平台的疲劳可靠性评估结果有着重要影响。文章以多平面DT型管节点为研究对象,建立了352个几何参数不同的三维管节点有限元模型,并分析了沿弦管-撑管焊缝处的应力集中系数分布。采用密度直方图描述最大应力集中系数统计样本的特征,利用疲劳可靠性分析中常用的几种概率分布进行拟合。各个概率模型中的参数通过极大似然估计方法得到。根据卡方检验的结果对比发现,Birnbaum-Saunders分布是最适合的概率模型。因此,文中提出一组适用于描述在轴向载荷即单向轴向和平衡轴向载荷作用下多平面DT型管节点弦管侧和撑管侧最大应力集中系数分布的概率模型,对今后导管架式海洋平台结构的疲劳可靠性分析具有重要意义。     

BINGO9000半潜式钻井平台疲劳强度分析

本文对BIGO9000半潜式钻井平台进行了疲劳强度分析。首先，建立了该平台整体三维有限元模型，结合北海波浪长期分布资料，计算了72种波浪载荷工况下的整体结构应力，为管节点结构局部应力分析提供边界条件。其次，建立管节点避部有限元模型进行疲劳强度分析。在计算管节点结构应力范围时，本文应用热点应力法，并根据DNV规范提供的S－N曲线，以及Miner线性劳累积损伤准则计算管节点结构的疲劳寿命。本文提出给出一些有意义的结论，为国内外后同类半潜式钻井平台的设计和建造提供了宝贵的技术依据。     

一种新的海洋平台管节点应力评估方法

海洋工程焊接管节点受应力集中及复杂随机载荷的联合作用,容易发生疲劳破坏。为了提高焊接管节点结构疲劳寿命预测的准确性,文章以管壁厚方向上的一点作为疲劳评估点,提出了一种新的管节点结构应力计算方法。通过与国际上公开发表的疲劳试验数据进行比较,证明了文中方法应用于管节点结构的可行性及考虑壁厚方向应力梯度的有效性。基于数值计算,文中还提出了可用于T型管节点应力集中系数计算的参数公式,并对参数公式的精度进行了验证。     

疲劳累积损伤下海洋平台加强管节点的可靠性分析

对疲劳累积损伤下海洋平台加强管节点的强度衰减进行了分析,得到了疲劳载荷和冲剪载荷作用下加强管节点各失效模式的当量寿命。在此基础上,综合考虑了冲剪载荷和疲劳载荷的相互作用,建立了节点寿命安全余量方程,计算了节点的可靠性指标和失效概率。通过算例计算了某导管架上一加强管节点在服役一定年限后,在地震和正常服役情况下的强度可靠性,以此判断节点加强环的选择尺寸是否满足要求。分析表明,提出的分析和计算是符合工程实际的,它为加强管节点在同时考虑冲剪失效和疲劳失效作用时的可靠性分析提供了一个合理方法。     

W10-3平台结构强度与疲劳分析

本文对Ｗ１０－３导管架海上采油平台结构进行了整体静力分析，根据ＡＩＳＣ／ＡＰＩ－ＲＰ２Ａ １７５Ｈ的设计规范对各构件进行了许用应力校核，对结构节点段进行了冲剪应务校核。并对导管架结构进行了疲劳分析和寿命算，计算了关键管节点和典型有初始裂纹管节点的疲劳寿命。为海上采油平台安全运营提供了科学依据。     

基于腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展的自升式海洋平台桩腿时变可靠性研究

本文研究了腐蚀与疲劳载荷耦合作用下自升式平台桩腿服的可靠性问题。采用ANSYS对自升式海洋平台桩腿结构进行建模,根据平台服役海域的波浪散布图对桩腿结构的工况进行划分,确定浪溅区桩腿结构的疲劳关键节点及其等效应力;以桩腿材料E690高强钢为对象,进行腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展实验,获得了不同环境下的疲劳裂纹扩展参数;提出了基于断裂力学的浪溅区桩腿关键节点的时变可靠性模型,与采用现有腐蚀模型的桩腿时变可靠性指标进行了对比,结果表明了本文所提方法能有效地反映平台桩腿服役期间关键节点的时变可靠性变化趋势,为平台在服役期间的安全运行与维护保养提供了理论指导。     

半潜式平台关键点的疲劳可靠性分析

依据惯性矩相当和重量相同的原则，建立半潜式钻井平台谱分析计算简化模型；利用ANSYS软件对简化计算模型进行随机响应谱分析，分别计算受到Morison波浪力谱时和受到大构件直立圆柱波浪力谱时的平台结构关键部位关键节点的等效应力随机响应功率谱密度；基于Miner线性损伤累积理论和随机响应首次超越破坏原则的概率分析，分别讨论了Rayleigh和weilbull两种不同应力统计分布下的平台结构关键部位关键节点疲劳可靠性指标的特征。     

半潜式平台横向开闭极限强度的时变可靠性分析

为了研究疲劳和腐蚀对半潜式平台结构极限强度可靠性的影响,文章改进了Smith方法,使之能够用于计及撑杆整体失稳的半潜式平台对开、对闭的极限强度计算;基于随机过程理论,建立计及疲劳和腐蚀作用的平台结构极限强度随机时变模型;针对某半潜式平台,建立波浪载荷和静水载荷随时间的变化模型,使用并联系统方法计算平台结构的时变可靠性,并与年度瞬时可靠性进行比较.     

海上平台管节点疲劳性能研究

在研究D500系列管节点疲劳特性的基础上，吸取国内外研究成果，建立了适用较广的可靠的管节点疲劳寿命计算方法．文章给出了建立在大量数据基础上的S－N曲线，探讨了影响疲劳寿命的因素，进行了局部应力—应变法及断裂力学法计算分析，对海洋平台管节点提出了适用于工程实际的建议．     

基于改进子模型技术的TLP平台疲劳分析

研究适用于TLP平台的疲劳分析方法。首先建立TLP平台的整体结构模型,运用基于累积损伤理论的疲劳谱分析法,根据整体分析初步确定TLP平台疲劳关键节点位置,即疲劳敏感部位。然后建立疲劳敏感部位的中间模型与精细子模型,运用改进的子模型技术分析计算得到关键节点的热点应力,并根据疲劳谱分析法计算关键节点的疲劳寿命,并将之与传统子模型技术的计算结果比较。分析表明,改进的子模型技术比传统方法的应力计算结果更加精确,有利于得到更加真实的疲劳寿命计算结果。     

结构构件疲劳损伤累积的可靠性分析

在目前在船舶与海洋工程结构疲劳可靠性分析中所采用的Ｗｉｒｓｃｈｉｎｇ模型进行了较系统的分析，指出了该模型待改进的主要问题。然后，基于二维概率ＭＩＮＥＲ准则，建立了在变幅载荷谱或随机时间历程载荷谱给定的条件下，对结构构件的疲劳损伤累积进行可靠性分析的新模型。     

大型开敞式深水码头导管架结构管节点的疲劳分析

结合大连新港新建30万吨级(兼靠45万t)进口原油码头工程,以导管架结构为研究对象,阐述该结构管节点的疲劳计算方法,并计算开敞式码头导管架结构中管节点的疲劳寿命.结果表明管节点的疲劳寿命满足相应规范的要求,可为实际工程设计提供参考.     

Structural behavior and design of high-strength steel welded tubular connections under extreme loading

The present work is motivated by the increasing need for cost-efficient solutions in offshore structural systems for wind energy production and for improvement of their structural performance. The structural behavior and design of high-strength steel welded tubular connections (yield strength higher than 700 MPa) subjected to monotonic and strong cyclic loading is investigated. In the first part of the paper, an experimental investigation is presented on high-strength steel tubular X-joints subjected to monotonic and cyclic loading far beyond the elastic limit of the material, leading to weld fracture. Two grades of weld metal material are employed in the welding process of the specimens. The experimental results indicate that the weld material grade has a significant influence on the deformation capacity of the welded connection under monotonic loading conditions, and its low-cycle fatigue life. The experimental procedure is simulated using advanced finite element models, elucidating several features of joint behavior and complementing the experimental results. Overall, a good agreement is found between numerical simulations and experimental results, in terms of both global response and local strains at the vicinity of the welds. Furthermore, the structural performance of the welded tubular joints under consideration is assessed using available design methodologies in terms of both ultimate strength and low-cycle fatigue resistance, in an attempt to validate an efficient design methodology for low-cycle fatigue. The results from this research effort are aimed at developing the necessary background for the possible use of high-strength steel in tubular steel lattice structures, particularly in offshore platforms for renewable energy production. They can also be used as a basis for the possible amendment of relevant design specifications and recommendations for including special provisions for high-strength steel structural systems.     

On stress concentration factors for tubular Y- and T-Joints in frame structures

This paper is written as a result of some years experience with fatigue analysis of offshore jacket structures where the connections are made as tubular joints. The hot spot stresses at the tubular joints in such analysis are normally derived based on parametric equations for stress concentration factors. These stress concentration factors are normally related to the axial force in the brace. It is observed that the hot spot stresses at the crown positions of the tubular joint in some cases are significantly affected by the local loading on the chord and the bending moment in the chord. In order to use the existing formulae in these cases some engineering effort is required to derive correct hot spot stress. This work can be avoided by using the nominal stress in the chord as the basis for calculating the hot spot stress at the crown position instead of using the axial force in the brace as basis for the analysis. This also extends the validity of the equations for stress concentration factors for T- and Y- joints in design standards. The proposed modification makes it also simpler to include the effect of joint flexibility in a proper way. The basis for a proposed revision of the equations for stress concentration factors for these joints is presented in this paper. It is considered that this modification leads to minor changes of the computer code, but that it will save analysis work for engineers and reduce the possibility of calculating incorrect fatigue lives in tubular frame structures.