山区公路水毁机理与抗毁结构分析——以凉山地区为例

以凉山地区境内的公路水毁为例，对山区公路水毁发育机理进行了分析研究，并针对本地区地形，地貌，地质构造以及气象水文条件提出了有效的路基抗毁结构，研究表明，按不良地质现象及力学机制可将该区的公路水毁分为4类：重力剪切破坏型，泥石流诱发型，河流破坏型和地基失效，这一成因研究丰富了公路水毁学的科学内函。     

冲淤变动型泥石流沟中物质启动 类型及机理研究(Ⅰ)

泥石流是一种高浓度的水、沙、砾混合流,是颗粒大小差异很大的固体和液体的联合运动,其中砂、砾主要按滚动及跃进状态迁移,是沟谷急剧演变的一个短历时的阶段性现象,属于典型的灾害地貌过程.基于实地考察和深入的研究。笔者分析了公路泥石流的基本特征,并分析提出了泥石流的启动条件、类型及其相应的机理.,Debris flow is a kind of high indicator compound liquid composed of water, sand and little rock, which is the movement of solid and liquid whose particles have great difference in size. In the debris flow's movement sand and little rock mainly move in rolling and leaping. Debris flow is a short stage phenomena for a short time in the course of the valley's radical evolution, and it's a typical calamity course. Based on explorations in-situ spot and deeply researches, the author analyzed the basic characters of the highways' debris flows, also proposed the debris flows' startup conditions and types.,     

造成公路水毁的原因与防治措施

公路水毁主要有路基沉陷、路基坍塌、桥涵破坏、防护与加固工程损坏等4种类型,详细阐述了各类水毁发生的原因以及对各类水毁的防治措施,指出公路水毁要以预防为主,及时清除水毁隐患,防患于未然。只要能从公路的设计、施工、养护等方面重视水毁,采取的措施得当,公路水毁将会得到有效控制。     

公路水毁灾害综合防治对策

文章结合云南公路水毁灾害的治理经验，提出了公路水毁灾害防治的基本原则、防治对策和工程措施。     

山区公路常见水毁及预防探讨

汛期来临,山区公路面临极大的养护压力,针对河北省保定地区山岭重丘公路特点,论述公路边坡、路基、路堤及桥涵和沿线构造物水毁的成因,同时针对每种水毁形式的成因提出工程防治措施和建议,对于山区公路的水毁防治具有一定的参考价值。     

山区公路水毁及防治

叙述了山区公路及桥梁的水毁原因极其防治措施.     

公路水毁的成因及防治措施

详细阐述了各类水毁发生的原因以及对各类水毁的防治措施,防患于未然。只要能从公路的设计、施工、养护等方面重视水毁,采取的措施得当,公路水毁将会得到有效控制。     

公路水毁的系统工程方法论探讨

提出了公路水毁的系统工程方法论，它包括认识，保护、改造和监测公路水毁系统等４个方面的基本内容和基本过程。认为公路水毁具有多维结构，为深入研究区域公路水毁的基本特性和防治，奠定了认识论上的基础。     

从泥石流沟的岩土稳定性论冲淤变动型泥石流的物源问题——以西[ BF (昌)木(里)路平川泥石流为例

本文以极具典型的平川泥石流为例比较全面的分析 了冲淤变动型泥石流的物源问题.根据现场调研及室内岩土分析进行的研究成果显示,川西 南高山深谷地区的大型泥石流沟中的松散土体以中、粗粒段为主,其分布与地形密切相关; 位于泥石流沟中、前部位的松散土体的稳定性最差,是补给泥石流的重要物源;松散土体的 发育主要受控于地质及岩土环境,人类活动只能影响松散土体的稳定性.,The authors discuss roundly source of loose earth fo r impact-deposit debris flow to develop taking pingchuan debris flow,one of the quite typical impact-deposit debris flows in southwest sichuan province,as an example in this paper. on the basis of detailed investigations in-situ,geotechn ial testing in Lab and theory analysis,all results indicate obviously that moder ate and bulky loose earth in giant debris flow situating in southwest sichuan mo untainous area are main institute,whose tribulation are consistent with landform s.Loose earth locating in mid-forepart catchment are quite unstable,so often be comes main source of loose earth of debris flow.Formation of loose earth is cont rolled principally by geologic and geotechnical environment while human actions is the secondary factor for loose earth to form.In many times,human actions prov ide loose earth through loose earth stability.,     

A Novel Automatic Method for Removal of Flicker in Video

Intensity flicker is a common form of degradation in archived film. Most algorithms on this distortion are complicated and uncontrolled. This paper presented a discrete mathematical model of flicker, designed a block-based estimation method of the model＇s parameters according to their features of intensity variation in large area. With this estimation result it constructed a compensation model to repair the current frame. This restoration approach is full automatic and the repair process of current frame does not need the information of frames behind it. The algorithm was realized to establish a simple and adjustable repair system. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can remove most intensity flicker and preserve tho wanted effects.     

简析公路水毁的成因及防治

详细阐述了各类水毁发生的原因以及对各类水毁的防治措施,指出公路水毁要以预防为主,及时清除水毁隐患,防患于未然。只要能从公路的设计、施工、养护等方面重视水毁,采取的措施得当,公路水毁将会得到有效控制。     

Fluctuation velocity correlation closure model for dense gas-particle turbulent flow

Turbulence model of kg-εg-kp-εp-kpg-θ is proposed.In the model,the two-phase velocity correlation turbulent kinetic energy k pg is modeled by transport equation.To close this turbulence model,algebraic expressions of two-phase Reynolds stresses and two-phase velocity correlation variable are established by considering both gas-particle interaction and anisotropy.This turbulence model is used to simulate dense gas-particle flow in a riser and in a downer.The predicted results show the core-annulus flow structure observed in the riser and the skin effect of particle concentration in the downer.The present model gives simulation results in much better agreement with the experimental results than those obtained by kg-εg-kp-εp-θmodel which is simply closed using a semi-empirical dimensional analysis.     

山区公路的水毁特征及对策

改革开放以来,我国公路建设取得长足进展,山区的公路建设发展更为迅速,为山区人民脱贫致富提供了良好的基础条件。但是,山区公路易遭受水毁,每年雨季期间都有公路水毁发生,轻则影响通行能力,严重的将中断交通,造成很大的经济损失。因此,掌握山区公路的水毁特征,制定相应对策,防治结合,对保护好山区公路,保证山区公路安全畅通意义重大。     

Multi-Band Hybrid Mobile Phone Antenna Based on Electromagnetic Coupling

This research presents a multi-band hybrid mobile phone antenna based on electromagnetic coupling,which can be applied to mobile handheld devices, occupying a small board space of 39.7 mm × 15.6 mm on the system circuit board. By adding resonant and coupled branch instead of multi-feed on the traditional bent antenna,this design provides four wide operating bands of 0.772—0.998 GHz, 1.540—1.600 GHz, 1.680—2.270 GHz and2.300—2.690 GHz with the hybrid feature of planar inverted-F antenna(PIFA), L-shape, U-shape and S-shape structures, which cover nine-band, i.e., GSM850, GSM900, GPS1575, DCS1800, PCS1900, IMT200, LTE2300,LTE2600 and Blue Tooth/Wi-Fi. Ansoft software HFSS is used in this research to make the antenna performance better and the operating principle of the proposed antenna is described in detail. Result of simulation reveals that the maximum gains of these four wide bands are 2.20,-0.99, 4.01 and 4.05 dBi, respectively. Moreover, this research also tests the return loss(S11) of the fabricated antenna with the vector network analyzer and the result is in accordance with the simulation result on the whole. There are four wide resonant frequencies which cover nine-band of wireless wide area network(WWAN), wireless local area network(WLAN) and long term evolution(LTE), when the available bandwidth is better than 6 d Bi return loss.     

公路水毁防治对策

水毁是公路最主要的自然灾害之一,分布广泛、发生频繁和危害巨大的特点不但严重影响交通运输的营运与安全,而且也造成了重大经济损失。本文通过分析一些常见的公路水毁形式,提出一些公路水毁防治的方法。     

Study of tunnel thruster performance and flow by quasi-steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulation

A numerical approach based on the solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations using the shear-stress transport(SST) turbulence model has been employed to investigate the hydrodynamic performance and flow of tunnel thrusters.The flow passages between adjacent blades are discretized with prismatic cells so that the boundary layer flow is resolved down to the viscous sub-layer.The hydrodynamic performances predicted by the quasi-steady approach agree well with the experimental data for three impellers covering a range of blade area and pitch.Through analysis of the flow field,the reason why the hub of impeller also contributes to thrust which can amount to 40%—60% of the impeller thrust,and the mechanism of the impeller inducing an axial force on the hull are elucidated.     

A New Experimental Rig of Testing Flow Boiling Heat Transfer of Refrigerant and Lubricant Mixture

This paper proposed a new experimental rig of testing flow boiling heat transfer of refrigerant and lubricant oil mixture. The quantity of oil in the test section can be controlled and regulated conveniently and accurately by connecting separate lubricant oil circuit with test section in parallel. It was built up by retrofitting a multiple air-conditioner and installing three oil-separators in serials at the compressor outlet. And so the lubricant oil in the discharged refrigerant gas of compressor can be removed completely. The refrigerant flow rate through test section can be bypassed by the by-path circuit of indoor unit. This experimental rig has advantages such as on-line and continuous oil injection, short time of obtaining stability, flexible operation, simple control, which lead to high efficiency in the research of flow boiling heat transfer of refrigerant and lubricant oil mixture.     

Analysis of Thermal-Fluid-Structure Coupling and Resonance Forecast for Link Butterfly Valve Under Small Opening

When the link butterfly valve operates at a small opening degree in high temperature working conditions,it is prone to the problem that the valve is stuck,the strength is insufficient and the butterfly plate is violently vibrating.This paper shows simulation experiments of both thermal-fluid-structure coupling and resonance forecast about DN600 link butterfly valve in the working conditions of 250℃ and 0.5 MPa by ANSYS software.The medium is mixed with compressed air and flue gas.Flow field characteristics of the valve and stress deformation,modal and flow-induced vibration of butterfly plate are analyzed when the valve opening is less than 30%.The results indicate that,when the valve opening is less than 30%,fluid flow is relatively smooth in front of butterfly plate,a large number of vortexes are found behind the butterfly plate,and fluid flow is greatly chaotic in this position.The equivalent maximum stress and deformation of butterfly plate are relatively large when the valve locates in openings between 10% and 30%; the intensity of the butterfly plate is enough; the axial deformation does not impact opening and closing of the valve.The butterfly plate is likely resonant when the valve opening is less than 10%.The research of this paper provides a crucial reference for flow field characteristics of link butterfly valve,an analysis of intensity and rigidity of butterfly plate,and a resonance forecast of butterfly plate when the valve works in small opening.     

山区公路水毁防治措施分析

以兴仁县打鱼凼麻沙河大桥的实际情况为例,对山区公路水毁防治措施进行简要分析。     

林区公路水毁浅析及防治措施

林区公路受地形、地下水及洪水的影响易遭受水毁,通过分析水毁原因,从排水设施设置及日常养护等方面提出了一些防治方法。