铸件凝固过程中温度场的数值模拟

为了掌握铸件凝固过程中温度场的变化规律以提高铸件质量，采用有限元和有限差分相结合的方法离散铸件凝固过程非稳态热传导方程的空间和时间变量，得到了关于金属铸件和铸型温度的代数方程．用二部法模拟铸件与铸模问的耦合，用迭代法求解离散后的代数方程组，并利用变时间步长技术提高计算效率；用热传递系数模拟铸件与铸型间的热传递，铸件冒口及铸型与冒口接触部分节点都当作内部节点，铸型与外界的换热按热对流和热辐射2种方式处理，忽略充型对凝固过程的影响，铸件材料潜热释放采用线性模型．算例结果表明，所用方法能有效地模拟铸件凝固过程中温度场的变化规律．     

Theoretical Analysis of the Solidification of Aluminum Alloy Billet in Air-Slip DC Mold

Based on the heat transfer analysis of Air-Slip DC mold, a numerical model was presented to study the quantitative relationships between critical solidification layer and casting rate, pouring temperature and mold cooling ability etc. The analytical results show that the Air-Slip mold heat transfer condition plays important roles on choices of a casting rate and the pouring temperature, and that the product of billet diameter and casting rate is a certain constant under a certain condition of the mold.     

A multi-objective optimal approach to automated construction of sacrificial multi-piece molds

Sacrificial multi-piece molds can be used for producing complex parts. To obtain the optimal design of molds automatically, a multi-objective optimal approach is proposed. Mold pieces number, material utilization and partitioning area are taken as the objective functions, and the machinability of each mold piece is taken as constraint condition. Genetic algorithm (GA) is adopted to realize global optimization of partitioning process. Each mold piece in optimal scheme can be manufactured by milling and drilling operations, which reduce the tooling cost and shorten product cycle obviously. Using the proposed approach, mold design can be significantly automated for making complex parts.     

胶粉改性沥青桥面防水层铺装结构黏弹性力学分析

胶粉改性沥青桥面防水层具有抗高低温性能好、抗施工损伤特性好、具有与沥青混凝土铺装层和水泥混凝土桥面板黏结性能好、环保等优点,利用黏弹性力学原理对设有胶粉改性沥青防水层的铺装结构进行受力特性分析,研究了防水层厚度、桥面铺装层厚度对桥面铺装结构抗剪性能的影响,并与室内试验结果进行了对比,结果符合良好．分析结果表明：随防水层厚度增加,最大剪应力值τmax会增大;随沥青混凝土铺装层厚度增加,τmax呈现先减小后增大趋势．沥青混凝土面层的厚度为13cm时产生的τmax值最小．     

同步碎石封层桥面防水黏结层温度敏感性研究

为使水泥混凝土桥面碎石封层防水黏结层在不同温度下的黏结强度和抗剪强度有可比性,首先采用温度模型对气温、桥面及防水黏结层温度差异性进行对比;其次,对该防水黏结层强度最大化配比设计及其黏结、抗剪强度对不同温度条件敏感性进行分析.研究表明:1.2 kg/m2SBS改性沥青与8kg/m2 7～9.5mm碎石时防水黏结层强度最大...     

高精度连续函数对边坡岩体分级的修正

为克服SMR(边坡岩体分级)法已有连续函数修正拟合精度不高的缺点,基于离差平方和最小原理,采用新的连续函数对"表格式评分"的SMR法进行了修正,给出了点荷载强度、单轴抗压强度、岩体质量指标、不连续面间距、不连续面产状调整系数、不连续面延伸长度、张开度及充填物厚度评分的连续函数.用新提出的修正SMR的连续函数对水电、矿山、公路等57个边坡岩体进行了稳定性分级,剩余标准差为2.180,相关系数为0.996 7,比其他修正SMR法更接近表格式SMR法的评分结果.     

钢桥面环氧沥青防水粘结层耐久性影响分析

大量现场调查表明,因防水粘结层失效而造成的钢桥面铺装层脱层或滑移是造成钢桥面铺装病害的重要原因之一,交通荷载、温度、水等因素通常被认为是影响铺装防水粘结层长期使用的主要因素。根据钢桥面铺装特点与技术要求,选择环氧沥青作为防水粘结层进行试验研究。考虑两种温度(25℃、70℃)的拉拔试验和剪切试验,明确了防水粘结层的温度敏感性;选择不同表面构造钢板进行拉拔试验,考察其对环氧沥青防水粘结层粘结性能的影响;以高温浸水拉拔试验和剪切试验,评价了高温水对钢桥面铺装防水粘结层的影响;试验结果表明:随着温度的升高,防水粘结层的拉拔强度和抗剪强度下降很快;随着浸水时间的增加,拉拔和抗剪强度下降较慢,且抗剪强度基本不变。因此,采用环氧沥青作为钢桥面防水粘结层时,温度应作为首要考虑因素。     

Research on mechanical properties of 22MnB5 steel quenched in a steel die

22MnB5 is one of the most typical hot stamping boron steels. In order to study the effect of austenitizing temperature and holding time on the mechanical properties of hot stamping boron steel 22MnB5, a series of quenching process are done. The tensile strength and hardness of 22MnB5 samples are measured. The results show that 22MnB5 has a good quenching performance, and the tensile strength and hardness of samples quenched in a water-cooled steel die are similar to those of water quenching. The higher tensile strength and HRC hardness are achieved when austenitizing at temperatures of 880–910 °C. Holding at 910 °C for 5 min and then quenching gives rise to a better combination of tensile strength, hardness and ductility.     

Numerical Simulation and Optimization Design of Electromagnetic Fields in the Electromagnetic Casting of Copper Round Billet

IntroductionInrecentyOars,e1eCtrOmngneticcontinuouscashngtechnologyhasbeenexPerimentngandusinginmostcoUntris,WhichgainedwideaPPicathasinnon-ferrOUsmetalichstry.Atthesamehme,anUmerofsCholarshavecalculatedandmeasuredelectromagneticfields.MapnehqfieldmodelsofmpOREandMSlllhasgainedwideaPPlicationsinthesemodels.Someolsemodels,suchasH-offormula,alsohaVdescribeddistributingofelectromapneticfieldinelectromngneticcontinuouscashngwellandttuly.Electromapneticcontinuouscashngwithsofucontactmoldha…     

Phase transitions relating to the pozzolanic activity of electrolytic manganese residue during calcination

Electrolytic manganese residue（EMR） is generated from electrolytic manganese metal（EMM） industry, and its disposal is currently a serious problem in China.The EMR were calcined in the interval 100—900℃to enhance their pozzolanic activity and characterized by the differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry（TGDTA）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）,infra-red（IR） and chemical analysis techniques with the aim to correlate phase transitions and structural features with the pozzolanic activity of calcined EMR.Prom the phase analysis and compressive strength results,it is found that the EMR calcined within 700—800℃had the best pozzolanic activity due to the decomposition of poorly-crystallized CaSO₄ under the reducing ambient created by the decomposition of（NH₄）₂SO₄.The appearance of reactive CaO mainly contributes to the good pozzolanic activity of EMR calcined within 700—800℃.The crystallinity of Mn₃CO₄ increases leading an unfavourable effect on the pozzolanic behaviour of EMR calcined at 900℃.The developed pozzolanic material containing 30%（mass fraction） EMR possesses compressive strength properties at a level similar to 42.5^# normal Portland cement,in the range of 41.5—50.5 MPa.Besides,leaching results show that EMR blend cement pastes have excellent effect on the solidification of heavy metals.     

变转速自动研磨模具曲面转速仿真与实验研究

为了解决模具曲面研磨中去除量不均的难题,提高自动研磨模具曲面的加工质量,设计了一种用于模具自由曲面自动研磨加工的实验装置,在优化加工工艺参数的基础上,提出了基于模糊控制的变转速自动研磨自由曲面的设计方法,通过转速仿真和实验研究,证明该方法能够满足自动化研磨加工的要求.     

Study on the thermal stability of Cu-14Fe in situ composite without and with trace Ag

The thermal stability of Cu-14Fe and Cu-14Fe-0.07Ag in situ composites is investigated. The evolution of Fe filaments in two composites is analyzed detailedly by annealing at high temperature. The results indicate that the Cu-14Fe in situ composite exhibits two kinds of evolution of Fe filament, the longitudinal splitting of Fe filaments at low temperature (below 600°C) and spheroidization of Fe filaments at high temperature (above 600°C). With the addition of trace Ag, the longitudinal splitting of Fe filaments at low temperature is accelerated, while spheroidization of Fe filaments at high temperature inhibited. The microstructure evolution procedure of Cu-14Fe without and with trace Ag has been modeled. This work would promote the understanding of the microstructure evolution of Cu-Fe in situ composite.     

气化模铸造空心凸轮轴的充型过程分析

对气化模铸造空心凸轮轴的充型过程进行分析 ,并对影响充型过程的工艺参数进行探讨 ,为进一步优化气化模铸造的充型工艺提供了参考。     

粗集料针片状颗粒含量对沥青混合料性能的影响

从集料的加工特性来分析针片状颗粒产生的原因,以及针片状颗粒含量对沥青混合料在施工和使用过程中的影响,主要从集料压碎值、沥青混合料抗剪强度、高温稳定性、水稳定性等几个方面进行研究。结果表明,针片状颗粒含量对混合料性能的影响比较大,针片状颗粒容易断裂、混合料不容易压实、骨架结构的抗车辙能力下降、水稳性下降,因此应该严格控制针片状颗粒的含量。     

层间抗剪强度影响因素分析

层间抗剪强度影响因素包括沥青的粘度、用量、温度、荷载、水等。选用SBR改性乳化沥青为粘层材料,通过直接剪切试验分别分析各因素对层间抗剪强度的影响,以供同行参考和借鉴。     

粗集料针片状颗粒含量对沥青混合料性能的影响

从集料的加工特性来分析针片状颗粒产生的原因,以及针片状颗粒含量对沥青混合料在施工和使用过程中的影响,主要从集料压碎值、沥青混合料抗剪强度、高温稳定性、水稳定性等几个方面进行研究。结果表明,针片状颗粒含量对混合料性能的影响比较大,针片状颗粒容易断裂、混合料不容易压实、骨架结构的抗车辙能力下降、水稳性下降,因此应该严格控制针片状颗粒的含量。     

天然岩沥青改性对沥青流变性能的影响

借助动态剪切流变仪(DSR)、低温弯曲流变仪(BBR)和Brookfild旋转黏度仪,对不同掺量的天然岩沥青改性沥青的性能进行了试验研究,分析了岩沥青改性剂对基质沥青流变性能的影响。结果表明:加入岩沥青后沥青胶结料的PG高温等级和黏度提高,抗车辙因子增大,相位角减小,大大提高了沥青的高温稳定性和降低了温度敏感性,且随着掺量的增加变化幅度增大;低温条件下蠕变劲度模量增大,低温性能有所下降,但当岩沥青掺量为2%~8%时,不会对沥青胶结料的低温性能产生大的不利影响。     

高弹性改性沥青SMA-10配合比设计及应用

采用SK高弹性改性沥青进行室内SMA-10配合比设计,并铺筑试验路,试验结果表明：高弹性改性沥青SMA-10的水稳定性优良,其高温抗车辙性能尤其突出,动稳定度高达11052次/mm。经试验路现场测试,证明SMA-10的构造深度、摩擦系数及渗水系数完全满足规范要求。     

植被混凝土在种植坡屋面中的应用

介绍建筑种植屋面的构造特点及不同季节下种植屋面与大气环境的温度关系,阐述植被混凝土的组成材料能够保温且保持水分的特性,植被混凝土的厚度、养生时间、喷射施工方法、力学强度等技术指标要求,为以后植被混凝土在建筑绿化上的广泛应用提供参考。     

布敦岩沥青改性沥青高温动态流变性能研究

采用动态剪切流变仪对布敦岩沥青(BRA)改性沥青高温动态流变性能进行试验研究。结果表明,BRA改性沥青的温度敏感性随岩沥青掺量的增加而降低;岩沥青掺量达到20%时,BRA改性沥青的PG分级要高于基质沥青一个温度等级;掺量达到40%时,BRA改性沥青的车辙因子接近于SBS改性沥青;车辙试验结果与车辙因子关系表明岩沥青掺量的增多提高了沥青混合料的动稳定度,车辙因子适用于评价BRA改性沥青的高温性能。