H.264/AVC快速帧间编码算法

基于率失真优化的H.264/AVC帧间宏块编码模式,需要对10种模式进行率失真优化计算才能得到一个宏块的最优编码模式,这种宏块的最优编码模式是以巨大计算复杂度为代价的.为了降低计算复杂度,在实验统计了各种宏块编码模式在不同QCIF视频序列中所占的比例及分析各种编码模式的适用性情况下,提出了一种快速帧间编码算法,它采用优先判断SKIP模式和图像纹理相结合的方法,在基于H.264/AVC测试模型JM7.6上的仿真试验表明,所提出的快速算法,在基本保持图像质量和码率基本不变的情况下,可以有效提高编码速度.     

基于端到端失真优化的无线视频联合编码方案

在无线视频传输环境端到端失真分析的基础上,针对H.264视频流建立了一种新的端到端失真模型.在使用LDPC信道编码方式与该失真分析模型的基础上,提出了一种基于端到端失真优化的联合信源信道编码方案.该方案根据当前无线信道的信噪比与信道带宽等状态信息,自适应地调节信源编码量化参数和信道编码码率,使端到端失真最小.实验结果表明,与固定码率编码相比,本文提出的联合信源信道编码方案可在不增加带宽的情况下显著提高视频传输质量.     

H.26L视频正向差错跟踪技术

H.26L解码器端引入的差错掩盖技术在视频序列变化较为剧烈的情况下，效果并不十分理想，为更好地遏制差错的进一步传播，介绍了一种正向视频差错跟踪技术，这种技术只对当前帧中受到差错“污染”的宏块进行帧内编码，不会带来数据量的急剧增加，在此基础上提出了多帧分级更新策略，使得差错跟踪恢复后的数据量得以平滑地过渡，实验表明，该技术对于运动较为剧烈的图像的差错恢复效果较好。     

An improved frame-layer bit allocation scheme for H.264/AVC rate control

In this paper, we aim at improving the video quality degradation due to high motions or scene changes. An improved frame-layer bit allocation scheme for H.264/AVC rate control is proposed. First, current frame is pre-encoded in 16×16 modes with a fixed quantization parameter (QP). The frame coding complexity is then measured based on the resulting bits and peak signal-to-ratio (PSNR) in the pre-coding stage. Finally, a bit budgetis calculated for current frame according to its coding complexity and inter-frame PSNR fluctuation, combined with the buffer status. Simulation results show that, in comparison with the H.264 adopted rate control scheme, our method is more efficient to suppress the sharp PSNR drops caused by high motions and scene changes. The visual quality variations in a sequence are also relieved.     

A rate-distortion based quantization level adjustment algorithm in block-based video compression

In this paper, a rate-distortion based quantization level adjustment (RDQLA) algorithm is presented. Based on the rate-distortion criterion, the quantization level adjustment algorithm effectively improves coding efficiency by adaptively optimizing quantization levels of the signals near the boundaries of quantization cells and adjusting quantization levels per block. In addition, it has no overhead and is fully compatible with the existing compression standards. The proposed algorithm can be applied in any block based image and video coding method. In particular, the algorithm has been verified on the platform of H.264. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves objective and subjective performances substantially. It is shown that the proposed algorithm has a gain of several dB comparing with the newest H.264 standard for high bit rates. Foundation item: the Special Foundation of Outstanding Young Teacher of Shanghai     

不等保护喷泉码用于应答器报文编码的可行性研究

提出将具有不等差错保护特性数字喷泉码作为欧标高速铁路应答器报文编码方案.由于其不依赖重传、译码过程与编码符号到达译码端次序无关等特性非常适于应答器报文传输场景.针对欧标应答器报文长度特征,本文在不同码长条件下对基于权重的不等差错保护算法、拓展窗口喷泉码及复制窗口不等保护算法的性能进行对比分析,通过Matlab仿真得到3种算法在不同码长条件下的性能.验证采用基于喷泉码的不等差错保护方法作为铁路应答器长报文编码方案的可行性.     

An Adaptive Joint Source/Channel Coding Using Error Correcting Arithmetic Codes

An approximately optimal adaptive arithmetic coding (AC) system using a forbidden symbol (FS) over noisy channels was proposed which allows one to jointly and adaptively design the source decoding and channel correcting in a single process, with superior performance compared with traditional separated techniques. The concept of adaptiveness is applied not only to the source model but also to the amount of coding redundancy. In addition, an improved branch metric computing algorithm and a faster sequential searching algorithm compared with the system proposed by Grangetto were proposed. The proposed system is tested in the case of image transmission over the AWGN channel, and compared with traditional separated system in terms of packet error rate and complexity. Both hard and soft decoding were taken into account.     

短距离无线通信系统中信道编码技术

介绍了短距离无线通信系统中信道编码技术方案的具体实现过程。原始数据通过卷积编码和交织等差错控制编码技术后传输,很好的解决了实际应用中误码率高、硬件解决成本高的技术难题,为在现有窄带设备上进行高速数据传输提供了一种新方法。     

A New Arithmetic Coding System Combining Source Channel Coding and MAP Decoding

A new arithmetic coding system combining source channel coding and maximum a posteriori decoding were proposed. It combines source coding and error correction tasks into one unified process by introducing an adaptive forbidden symbol. The proposed system achieves fixed length code words by adaptively adjusting the probability of the forbidden symbol and adding tail digits of variable length. The corresponding improved MAP decoding metric was derived. The proposed system can improve the performance. Simulations were performed on AWGN channels with various noise levels by using both hard and soft decision with BPSK modulation.The results show its performance is slightly better than that of our adaptive arithmetic error correcting coding system using a forbidden symbol.     

AN EFFICIENT BTC IMAGE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM

IntroductionBlock truncation coding( BTC) [1] is a simple andfast lossy image coding technique,which has theadvantage of being easy to implement comparedto transform coding and vector quantization[2 ] .Its simplicity,performance and channel error re-sisting capability make it attractive in the real-time image transmission.BTC is a one- bit adap-tive moment- preserving quantizer that preservescertain statistical moments of small blocks of theinput image in the quantized output.The origi-nal …     

A High-performance Low Cost Inverse Integer Transform Architecture for AVS Video Standard

A high-performance, low cost inverse integer transform architecture for advanced video standard (AVS) video coding standard was presented. An 8×8 inverse integer transform is required in AVS video system which is compute-intensive. A hardware transform is inevitable to compute the transform for the real-time ap-plication. Compared with the 4×4 transform for H.264/AVC, the 8×8 integer transform is much more complex and the coefficient in the inverse transform matrix Ts is not inerratic as that in H.264/AVC. Dividing the Ts into matrix S8 and R8, the proposed architecture is implemented with the adders and the specific CSA-trees instead of multipliers, which are area and time consuming. The architecture obtains the data processing rate up to 8 pixels per-cycle at a low cost of area. Synthesized to TSMC 0.18 μm COMS process, the architecture attains the operating frequency of 300 MHz at cost of 34 252 gates with a 2-stage pipeline scheme. A reusable scheme is also introduced for the area optimization, which results in the operating frequency of 143 MHz at cost of only 19 758 gates.     

基于频域特征的H.264/AVC帧内编码模式快速预测

为降低H．264／AVC帧内预测计算复杂度，提出了基于频域特征的快速帧内编码模式预测算法．首先，对要编码的4×4块进行DCT变换，得到少数的几个DCT系数．然后，通过这几个系数计算块的特征方向和方差．最后，根据特征方向和方差计算最可能的几种预测模式．实验验证了该算法在不牺牲图像质量和压缩效率的基础上将帧内预测的计算复杂度平均降低了67．5％．     

Efficient scheduling with random network coding in multi-relay wireless network

In this paper, we propose two novel efficient scheduling schemes with network coding in multi-relay wireless network to maximize the transmission efficiency. The first one uses adaptive forwarding with network coding （AF-NC）, in which each relay adaptively calculates the number of packets having innovative information according to the feedback from the sink. With AF-NC, duplicate packets are not sent, and the total number of time slots needed to complete transmission can be significantly reduced. The second scheme, named adaptive forwarding with network coding and retransmission （AFR-NC）, combines AF-NC with automatic repeat request （ARQ） to guarantee reliable end-to-end communication with limited resource occupation. Numerical results show that compared with simple forwarding with network coding （F-NC）, AF-NC has close successful delivery rate with dramatically less time slots, while AFR-NC achieves strict reliability with limited resource cost.     

Fast Mode Decision Method Based on Historical Information for H.264/AVC

Mode decision based on rate-distortion optimization algorithm brings high compression efficiency to H.264/AVC. However, heavy computation load is also added to the encoder at the same time. In order to reduce the computation burden of mode decision, this paper presented a fast mode decision method based on mode information of the previously coded frame. Moreover, all coding modes were activated when scene change occurs and a scheme to detect scene change was proposed. The simulation results show that compared to the original encoder, the proposed method achieves a reduction of over 38% encoding time and keeps almost the same PSNR and bitrate for a wide range of quantization parameter.     

Joint Distortion Model for Progressive Image Transmission Using Error Correcting Arithmetic Codes

A novel joint source channel distortion model was proposed, which can essentially estimate the average distortion in progressive image transmission. To improve the precision of the model, the redundancy generated by a forbidden symbol in the arithmetic codes is used to distinguish the quantization distortion and the channel distortion, all the coefficients from the first error one to the end of the sequence are set to be a value within the variance range of the coefficients instead of zero, then the error propagation coming from the entropy coding can be essentially estimated, which is disregarded in the most conventional joint source channel coding (JSCC) systems. The precision of the model in terms of average peak-signal-to-noise has been improved about 0.5 dB compared to classical works. An efficient unequal error protection system based on the model is developed, and can be used in the wireless communication systems.     

用Delphi编程实现H．264视频文件的播放

H．264媒体格式是目前网络和视频监控等广泛使用的视频格式,在相同的视觉感知质量上,H．264具有较高的数据压缩比。本文以WindowsXP作为开发平台,Delphi2010作为开发工具,采用FFOCX控件,编程实现H．264视频文件的播放。     

Joint distortion model for progressive image transmission using error correcting arithmetic codes

A novel joint source channel distortion model was proposed, which can essentially estimate the average distortion in progressive image transmission. To improve the precision of the model, the redundancy generated by a forbidden symbol in the arithmetic codes is used to distinguish the quantization distortion and the channel distortion, all the coefficients from the first error one to the end of the sequence are set to be a value within the variance range of the coefficients instead of zero, then the error propagation coming from the entropy coding can be essentially estimated, which is disregarded in the most conventional joint source channel coding （JSCC） systems. The precision of the model in terms of average peak-signal-to-noise has been improved about 0.5 dB compared to classical works. An efficient unequal error protection system based on the model is developed, and can be used in the wireless communication systems.     

整数微分进化策略及其在微波成像中的应用

提出了微分进化策略的整数编码方法.按照给定的精度使优化问题的常规实数编码的解空间离散化,并对离散化的结果进行整数编码,建立对应的整数空间.在整数空间中求解,在实数空间中计算解的适应度.对有限精度以及计算存在离散化过程的工程优化问题,用整数编码可有效提高搜索速度,并自动滤除不稳定解.对于离散、高维、多值类型的微波成像示例,与实数编码比较,用微分进化策略的整数编码优化算法搜索速度更高,成像结果更优.     

基于自然数编码的模式理论研究

在分析基于二进制编码的遗传算法基础上,对基于自然数编码的遗传算法作了初步的探讨。论文定义了基于自然数编码的模式和模式的阶,并推导出了相应的模式理论,从而得出了该理论与基于二进制编码的模式理论相类似的结论,对于解释基于自然数编码的遗传算法的收敛性具有一定的意义。     

Switching between antenna subset selection and quasi-orthogonal space-time block code in presence of correlation

We address the problem of adaptive modulation and coding scheme (AMCS) for a multi-input multioutput (MIMO) system in presence of time-varying transmitting correlation. Antenna subset selection and quasiorthogonal space-time block code (QOSTBC) have different error performances with different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and in different spatial correlation scenarios. The error performance can be improved by selecting an appropriate transmission scheme to adapt to various channel conditions. The maximum distance criterion is the simplest and very effective algorithm for the antenna subset selection without needs of complex calculation and channel state information at transmitter (CSIT). The minimum error performance criteria and the simplified linear decision strategy are developed for constant transmission rate traffic to select the optimal transmission scheme. It can dramatically decrease algorithm complexity for obtaining error probability according to the known quantities comparing with using instant CSIT. Simulation results show that, remarkable performances including low SNR and weak spatial correlation at the expense of simple calculation and almost no bandwidth loss by adopting AMCS can be achieved. The proposed AMCS improves robustness of slowly varying spatial correlated channels.