Study on Oxidation Activity of CuCeZrO<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript> Doped with K for Diesel Engine Particles in NO/O<Subscript>2</Subscript>

CuCeZrO_x and KCuCeZrO_x catalysts were synthesized and coated on the blank diesel particulate filter (DPF) substrate and a particulate matter (PM) loading apparatus was used for soot loading. The catalytic performances of soot oxidation were evaluated by temperature programmed combustion (TPC) test and characterization tests were conducted to investigate the physicochemical properties of the catalysts. The reaction mechanism in the oxidation process was analyzed with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that CuCeZrO_x catalyst exhibited high activities of soot oxidation at low temperature and the best results have been attained with Cu_0.9Ce_0.05Zr_0.05O_x over which the maximum soot oxidation rate decreased to 410 °C. Characterization tests have shown that catalysts containing 90% Cu have uniformly distributed grains and small particle sizes, which provide excellent oxidation activity by providing more active sites and forming a good bond between the catalyst and the soot. The low-temperature oxidation activity of soot could be further optimized due to the excellent elevated NO’s conversion rate by partially substituting Cu with K. The maximum particle oxidation rate can be easily realized at such a low temperature as 347°C.     

Catalytic Combustion of Lean Methane Assisted by Electric Field over Pd/Co<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> Catalysts at Low Temperature

A series of Pd/Co₃O₄ catalysts were prepared by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (SHS) method in this study, and electric field was applied for catalytic combustion of lean methane over Pd/Co₃O₄ catalysts at low temperature. When electric field was applied, the catalytic combustion performance of Pd/Co₃O₄ catalysts was greatly improved, and the application of electric field could reduce the load of active element Pd to some extent while maintaining the same efficiency. Based on experimental tests and the analysis results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), H₂-temperature-programmed reduction (H₂-TPR) and in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (in-situ DRIFTS), the mechanism of catalytic oxidation of CH₄ over Pd/Co₃O₄ catalysts in electric field was proposed. The catalytic combustion of CH₄ occurs only when the temperature is higher than 250 °C normally, but when electric field was applied, the whole process of CH₄ oxidation was promoted significantly and the reaction temperature was reduced. Electric field could promote the reduction of the support Co₃O₄ to release the lattice oxygen, resulting in the increase of PdO_x and the surface chemisorbed oxygen, which could provide more active sites for the low-temperature oxidation of CH₄. Furthermore, electric field could accelerate the dehydroxylation of CoOOH to further enhance the activity of the catalysts.     

水中呋吗唑酮的固定相光催化氧化

以高压汞灯为光源、负载在海砂上的ＴｉＯ２为催化剂，采用敞口固定床型光催化反应器对水中难降解的呋吗唑酮（ＦＴＤ）进行了固定相光催化氧化实验．结果表明，反应速率可用Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ－Ｈｉｎｓｈｅｌｗｏｏｄ方程描述，与光分解相比，光催化氧化的突出优点是矿化程度高，相同光辐射条件下反应１００ｍｉｎ，０．１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＦＴＤ水溶液经光催化氧化后ＴＯＣ的去除率为８９．１％，而经光分解后ＴＯＣ的去除率仅为２８．８％；在反应体系中投加少量臭氧或过氧化氢可以显著提高ＦＴＤ的氧化效率，说明光催化氧化可以兼容Ｏ３／ＵＶ、Ｈ２Ｏ２／ＵＶ等光激发氧化工艺．探讨了充氧、ＦＴＤ浓度及ｐＨ等对光催化氧化过程的影响．     

依达拉奉对视网膜光损伤的抗氧化作用

目的观察依达拉奉(edaravone)对小鼠视网膜光损伤(retinal photodamage,RP)的保护作用,并探讨其抗氧化功能。方法 48只成年雄性BALB/C小鼠随机分为正常组(n=12)、光损伤组(n=12)、依达拉奉组(n=12)和生理盐水组(n=12)。采用(8 000±300)lux白色光源照射4h建立小鼠视网膜光损伤模型;应用光镜观察各组小鼠视网膜形态学变化;检测光照后小鼠视网膜组织抑制羟基自由基(HO.)的能力以及丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量。结果光镜检查显示,依达拉奉组视网膜损伤程度相对于光损伤组和生理盐水组明显减轻(P<0.05);氧化指标检测显示相对于光损伤组和生理盐水组,依达拉奉组抑制HO.的能力显著提高(P<0.05),视网膜组织MDA含量明显减少(P<0.05),SOD含量显著增多(P<0.05)。结论氧化应激在RP的发生中起着关键作用,依达拉奉可以通过抗氧化功能对RP起到保护作用。     

高浓度制药含磷废水处理技术研究

以某制药厂生化车间超滤透出液为研究对象,通过小试试验考察了不同絮凝剂(三氯化铁、氧化钙、聚合氯化铝及氢氧化钙)对污水中磷的去除效果,并重点对氢氧化钙与聚合氯化铝三级混凝除磷的效果进行了探讨研究,试验结果表明Ca(OH)2与PAC复配三级混凝除磷的最佳投药量为在pH为9时,一级混凝沉淀除磷Ca(OH)2最佳投加量为1.66 g.L-1;在pH为9时,二级混凝沉淀除磷Ca(OH)2最佳投加量为0.2 g.L-1;在pH为7时,三级混凝沉淀除磷PAC最佳投加量为180 mg.L-1,最终出水总磷浓度为0.25 mg.L-1左右,总磷去除率达到99.94%以上。     

糠酸负载型钯催化剂选择性杂环氢化过程

采用水作溶剂的固定床操作系统,用钌、铑、钯、铂等作为担载金属,氧化硅、活性炭(AC)、γ-三氧化二铝等作为载体,制备了多种负载型催化剂,评价了它们的糠酸选择性杂环加氢催化性能.研究表明,金属钯的性价比最好,γ-三氧化二铝为催化剂的合适载体.优化了该催化剂上的操作条件,结果表明,在1.0 MPa、150℃、氢气空速4 000 h-1、糠酸水溶液的空速8.0 h-1的条件下,糠酸的色谱转化率达98.2%,四氢糠酸选择性为100%.催化剂1.0w%Pd/γ-Al2O3连续运转260h后未见活性和选择性下降,稳定性良好提出了一个经济、环保、连续操作的糠酸选择性杂环加氢过程.     

Recycling of aluminum from fibre metal laminates

Recycling of aluminum alloy scrap obtained from delaminated fibre metal laminates (FMLs) was studied through high temperature refining in the presence of a salt flux. The aluminum alloy scrap contains approximately mass fraction w(Cu) = 4.4%, w(Mg) = 1.1% and w(Mn) = 0.6% (2024 aluminum alloy). The main objective of this research is to obtain a high metal yield, while maintaining its original alloy compositions. The work focuses on the metal yield and quality of recycled Al alloy under different refining conditions. The NaCl-KCl salt system was selected as the major components of flux in the Al alloy recycling. Two different flux compositions were employed at NaCl to KCl mass ratios of 44:56 and 70:30 respectively, based on either the eutectic composition, or the European preference. Different additives were introduced into the NaCl-KCl system to study the effect of flux component on recycling result. Although burning and oxidation loss of the alloying elements during re-melting and refining take place as the drawbacks of conventional refining process, the problems can be solved to a large extent by using an appropriate salt flux. Experimental results indicate that Mg in the alloy gets lost when adding cryolite in the NaCl-KCl salt system, though the metal yield can reach as high as 98%. However, by adding w(MgF₂) = 5% into the NaCl-KCl salt system (instead of using cryolite) all alloying elements were well controlled to its original composition with a metal yield of almost 98%.     

局域电荷体系的电势

探讨了分布在小区域v内的连续电荷体系在远场所产生的电势，可表为一组位于原点的各级多极子在远场产生的电势的叠加，而连续分布电荷体系可用位于原点的各级多极子代替．     

液相色谱-离子阱质谱联用法测定西洋参药材中p-F_(11)含量

目的　建立液相色谱 离子阱质谱联用法 ,测定西洋参特有指标成分拟人参皂苷 p F11含量。方法　通过固相萃取小柱预处理样品 ,电喷雾质谱正离子模式全扫描法检测 ,选择离子法定量 ,用液相色谱 蒸发光散射法对该定量方法进行了佐证。结果　线性范围为 0 .4 5～ 7.2 0 μg ,回收率为 98.7% ,精密度和重现性实验RSD值分别为 2 .5 %和2 .8% ,样品在 4 8h内稳定性良好。该方法测得 p F11质量浓度为 3.0 1mg·g-1。结论　该方法有良好的精密度和重现性 ,能准确分析、测定西洋参药材中 p F11含量     

DETERMINING THE CONTENT OF JASMINODIN IN MEI RONGCAPSULE WITH THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY

Cardenia Jasminoides may bring about the ef-fects of laxative, being antipyretic, diuresis detoxi-cation, and anti--inflammation[1J. It has been provedthat the main active component of Cardenia Jas-minodin Eills is the iridoid glycosides representedby Jasminodin['.'J. Recently, with the improvementof people's living conditions in China,Cardenia Jas-minodin Eills has been applied in several kind ofcosmetics and proved to be effective in eliminatingacnes, disinfecting and beautifying the ski…     

鸡白细胞介素2在毕赤酵母细胞中的表达

目的　利用Pichia酵母真核细胞表达系统表达重组鸡白细胞介素 2 (IL 2 ) ,为大量制备鸡IL 2奠定基础。方法　将ConA激活的鸡脾脏T淋巴细胞中扩增得到的我国地方品种萧山鸡IL 2基因 ,克隆入pPIC9载体中构建重组质粒。将重组质粒电转化毕赤酵母GS115感受态细胞 ,甲醇诱导蛋白质表达。结果　SDS PAGE和Westernblot均在 30ku处检测到特异条带。结论　表明重组鸡IL 2基因在毕赤酵母GS115中获得表达     

心肌炎患儿红细胞免疫功能及T细胞亚群与自由基的关系

本文报道了７２例３岁～１２岁心肌炎患儿红细胞免疫粘附功能，Ｔ细胞亚群，红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ），血清过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）。发现心肌炎患儿红细胞免疫粘附功能低下，同时伴随着ＯＫＴ８和ＳＯＤ的降低。红细胞免疫粘附功能与ＯＫＴ８和ＳＯＤ呈正相关，与ＬＰＯ呈负相关。经治疗后显示：胸腺肽和大剂量维生素Ｃ可改善心肌炎患儿红细胞、Ｔ细胞免疫功能失衡，降低脂质过氧化反应。     

葛根素对过氧化氢诱导的血管内皮细胞损伤的保护作用

目的探讨葛根素对过氧化氢诱导人血管内皮细胞(HUVECs)损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法培养HUVECs并分组:正常组(不加任何干预因素);过氧化氢组(在细胞培养体系中加入终浓度为0.5mmol/L过氧化氢);葛根素25mg/L、50mg/L、100mg/L、200mg/L组(先分别加入相应质量浓度葛根素干预30min后,再加入过氧化氢)。各组培养24h后,通过MTT法检测细胞增殖能力;检测纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)及纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物(PAI)活性观察HUVECs功能;取培养上清液测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量;采用Annexin V/PI染色后,应用流式细胞仪检测HUVECs凋亡率,并检测caspase-3表达水平与线粒体膜电位变化。结果与正常组比较,过氧化氢可明显降低HUVECs增殖活性(P<0.01),t-PA活性下降及PAI活性增加;而预防应用不同浓度葛根素能够不同程度对抗其作用,且最佳保护浓度是100mg/L。与过氧化氢组比较,葛根素能够显著降低HUVECs的MDA水平、细胞凋亡率、caspase-3阳性率及线粒体损伤率,能够显著提高HUVECs的SOD水平(P<0.05)。结论葛根素对氧化应激诱导HUVECs损伤具有一定的保护作用,其机制可能与其抗氧化、维持线粒体膜电位、减低caspase-3表达而抑制细胞凋亡有关。     

硒、维生素E等抑制低密度脂蛋白氧化修饰作用的比较研究

目的　通过对维生素E、维生素C、β 胡罗卜素、丙丁酚及微量元素硒这五种抗氧化剂对抗Cu2 +氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白 (LDL)的作用进行对比 ,筛选出抗动脉粥样硬化作用较强的抗氧化剂。方法　采用Cu2 +氧化修饰LDL ,以丙丁酚为阳性对照 ,比较各种抗氧化剂干扰硫代巴比妥酸物质 (TBARS)生成的量和琼脂糖凝胶电泳迁移率 (REM )的大小。结果　一定浓度的这五种抗氧化剂在 8h内对LDL的氧化修饰均具有抑制作用 ,维生素E和硒的抗LDL氧化率(65.5% ,63.4% )显著高于丙丁酚 51 .1 % (P <0 .0 5) ,而维生素C和 β 胡萝卜素的抗LDL氧化率 (30 .7% ,2 6.3% )显著低于丙丁酚 (P <0 .0 5)。比较其抗氧化强度 ,依次为维生素E >硒 >丙丁酚 >维生素C >β 胡萝卜素 ;维生素E与硒联合应用的抗氧化率为 57.6% ,明显高于单独应用时的 37.3%和 2 3.7%。结论　维生素E和硒是抑制LDL氧化修饰的优选抗氧化剂 ,二者联合使用有叠加效应 ,能更有效地防治动脉粥样硬化。     

THE CLONING OF HUMAN NEUROTROPHIN-3 GENE

Ｎｅｕｒｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｎ－３（ＮＴ－３）ｉｓａｍｅｍｂｅｒｏｆｔｈｅｎｅｕｒｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｎｆａｍｉｌｙｏｆｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌｙｒｅｌａｔｅｄｐｒｏｔｅｉｎｓ〔１〕．Ｔｈｅｇｅｎｅｏｆｈｕｍａｎｎｅｕｒｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｎ－３（ｈＮＴ－３）ｉｓｌｏｃａ...     

谷胱甘肽对Cu~(2+)-H_2O_2导致关节软骨蛋白聚糖降解的影响

应用小牛关节软骨短期器官温育的方法,研究了谷胱甘肽(GSH)对Cu~(2+)-H_2O_2导致关节软骨蛋白聚糖(PG)降解的影响。结果表明:GSH能非常显著地抑制Cu(2+)-H_2O_2对软骨PG的降解作用,并呈剂量依赖型。用Sepharosc 6B柱层析分析软骨PG降解产物,发现GSH还能消除Cu~(2+)-H_2O_2导致的PG链的断裂,保护PG结构的完整。GSH对Cu~(2+)-H_2O_2的作用机理可能一方面与Cu~(2+)形成了复合物,另一方面使H_2O_2还原为H_2O,而消除了两者对软骨PG的降解作用。     

聚乙烯醇负载Keggin结构杂多酸光催化降解水中苯酚

采用化学自组装法制备聚乙烯醇负载Keggin结构的H3PW12O40和H4SiW12O40复合物膜并对水中苯酚进行光催化降解研究．对复合物的结构及光色性质进行表征，讨论了复合物膜的组成、用量、光照时间与TOC及苯酚去除率之间的关系．实验结果表明：以PW12／SiW12／聚乙烯醇制成的复合物膜，其组成为1：2(质量比)、用量为5g/L，光照2h，10mg／L水中苯酚去除率可达到50％左右，TOC去除率可达到30％-40％．     

不明原因不孕妇女月经周期中血清微量元素的研究

对19例不明原因不孕和14例已育健康妇女共33个月经周期中血清锌、铜、铁、锰、镍含量进行分析。结果表明：对照组排卵日血清锌、铜明显低于印泡中期和黄体中期，印泡中期铁、镍含量最高，在周期中呈递减趋势（P均＜0．05）；与对照组比较，不孕组除印泡中期镍减低外，各期血清钢及黄体中期锌、镍、铁均显著增高（P＜0．001，P＜0．05，P＜0．01），而各期血清锌／铜、铁／铜比率明显降低（P＜0．05）。研究提示：正常妇女月经周期中微量元素水平具有规律的周期变化，且相互存在恒定的比值，微量元素的代谢紊乱可能是不明原因不孕的重要因素之一。     

SBS热氧老化动力学研究

采用原位红外技术跟踪SBS热氧化过程,同时通过热分析动力学技术计算了SBS的氧化动力学反应参数。研究表明,160℃以下时,氮气氛围中的SBS无降解断链现象发生。在氧气氛围下,SBS中的PB段发生热氧化降解及无规则断链。在300℃以下时,SBS中的PS段抗氧性能优异,无氧化发生;PB段中双键旁的α氢原子有很大活性,是氧化反应的进攻点,其热氧化降解同时存在解聚和无规断链,自动氧化反应是SBS热氧老化的主要特征,反应机理为自由链式,反应过程包括链引发、链增长和链终止,反应经过初始自由基的诱导期后,SBS迅速被氧化并发生严重降解。     

不明原因不孕妇女月经周期中血清微量元素的研究

对19例不明原因不孕和14例已育健康妇女共33个月经周期中血清锌、铜、铁、锰、镍含量进行分析。结果表明：对照组排卵日血清锌、铜明显低于印泡中期和黄体中期，印泡中期铁、镍含量最高，在周期中呈递减趋势（P均＜0．05）；与对照组比较，不孕组除印泡中期镍减低外，各期血清钢及黄体中期锌、镍、铁均显著增高（P＜0．001，P＜0．05，P＜0．01），而各期血清锌／铜、铁／铜比率明显降低（P＜0．05）。研究提示：正常妇女月经周期中微量元素水平具有规律的周期变化，且相互存在恒定的比值，微量元素的代谢紊乱可能是不明原因不孕的重要因素之一。