交通运输行业相关物流标准体系框架研究

交通运输是物流业的主体和重要基础,是物流链中必不可少的重要环节,从现代物流业的角度研究建立交通运输标准体系,将有效促进交通运输行业更好地服务于现代物流业,保障物流运输的安全快捷。本文在对交通运输行业物流发展的现状进行大量调查研究,确定交通运输行业物流标准的明确范畴后,通过对标准现状进行详细的梳理和分析,并从物流链的角度出发,按照交通运输行业物流活动要素和性质,建立了交通运输行业相关物流标准体系框架。论文最后总结了标准体系的特点,并对标准化工作提出了建议。     

黄冈市交通与物流业融合发展的对策

本文通过对交通运输和现代物流的关系分析,总结湖北省黄冈市交通与物流业发展的现状,提出黄冈市实现交通运输和现代物流发展相互融合的思路对策。     

依托泛北经济区 开创广西道路运输新局面——广西道路运输管理局副局长张小健访谈录

着眼于推进泛北部湾经济交流与合作，广西交通运输行业掀起了交通建设的新高潮，不断加强对泛北部湾经济区的交通运输保障。近年来，泛北区域内的物流业，尤其是在物流运输方面取得了显著成绩。随着现代物流业的发展，经济发展对交通运输方式不断提出新的要求。     

“看得准、抓得住、管得了”——记交通运输部推进物流业健康发展电视电话会议

8月2日，交通运输部召开了推进物流业健康发展电视电话会议。交通运输部部长杨传堂提出，交通运输部将全面推进物流业健康发展，着重在五个方面力争取得突破性进展：加快综合运输体系建设，特别是重要运输通道和物流枢纽建设；加快发展多式联运；加快推进全国和区域性交通运输物流公共信息平台建设；加快推进农村物流、城市配送和快递业发展；加快培育龙头骨干企业。     

山东：立足发展交通物流

现代物流业是一个涉及多行业、多领域的大系统,交通运输部门既承担着重要的管理职责,又不可能包揽物流业管理的各个方面。交通运输工作如何把握好在推进物流业发展中的工作定位非常重要。从交通运输工作的职责上看,要把推进物流业发展落脚到发展交通物流上。     

全国交通运输物流公共信息平台建设正式实施

全国交通运输物流公共信息平台建设联席会议第一次会议透露，为贯彻落实《国务院关于印发物流业调整和振兴规划的通知》和《国务院办公厅关于促进物流业健康发展政策措施的意见》，相关部门加快推进国家级交通运输行业物流公共信息平台建设。     

殷鉴不远 夏后之世犹可追 春意盎然 合力经略大平台

“只有加快提升道路货运管理信息化水平，才能加强运输和物流的融合，更好地满足现代交通运输业和现代物流业发展的需要。”交通运输部部长李盛霖在2009年11月26日的大调研汇报会中明确指出。     

关于依托高速公路促进广西现代物流产业发展的思考

文章基于交通运输与物流行业的紧密联系,探讨在当前国家和广西大力促进现代物流业发展的背景下,依托高速公路路网和服务区节点、借助信息化技术手段,促进广西大物流产业的发展思路。     

《交通运输推进物流业健康发展的指导意见》

1-5月,交通运输部在全国范围内组织开展物流调研,广泛听取各方意见,凝聚多方智慧,深化对一些重大问题的认识,形成了交通运输推进物流业健康发展的思路和重点工作,在此基础上编制印发《交通运输推进物流业健康发展的指导意见》(以下简称"指导意见")。《指导意见》充分认识交通运输推进物流业健康发展的重要性和紧迫性,提出推进物流业健康发展的指导思想、基本原则和发展目标。     

物流

鼓励客运班车“捎”邮件 日前，湖北省交通运输厅和省邮政管理局、省邮政公司在武汉签订交邮战略合作框架协议，通过加强平台共建、政策共享、资源整合，打造更具效率的现代物流运作模式，共推物流业发展。     

燃油税费改革对广西道路货运的影响研究

文章阐述了燃油税费改革的目的及意义,介绍了广西道路货物运输的基本情况,并依托大量调查统计资料,对比分析了燃油税费改革对广西道路货物运输市场、运输成本及企业管理的影响,提出了调整公路货运企业运输车辆组成结构,建立公路货物运输信息交易平台和探索新型公路货运企业经营模式的对策措施。     

Capacity-constrained traffic forecasting model

Projecting future traffic is an important stage in any traffic and transportation planning study. Accurate traffic forecasting is vital for transportation planning, highway safety evaluation, traffic operations analysis, and geometric and pavement design among others. In view of its importance, this paper introduces a regression-based traffic forecasting methodology for a one dimensional capacity-constrained highway. Five different prediction functions are tested; the best was selected according to the accuracy of projections against historical traffic data. The three-parameter logistic function produced more accurate projections compared to other functions tested when highway capacity constraints were taken into consideration. The R ² values at various test locations ranged from 88% to 98%, indicating good prediction capability. Using the Fisher's information matrix approach, the t-statistic test showed all parameters in the logistic function were highly statistically significant. To evaluate reliability of projections, predictive intervals were calculated at a 95% level of confidence. Predictions using the logistic function were also compared to those predicted using the compound growth rate and linear regression methods. The results show that the proposed methodology generates much more reasonable projections than current practices.     

Measuring the influence of bus service quality on the perception of users

Encouraging the use of public transport is a key policy goal in many countries. Therefore, public transport should offer the level of quality that accommodates the demands of current users, and importantly, the desires of potential users. This study investigates the influence of the perceived quality of bus service on the perception of both current and potential users. The study draws upon data from 512 questionnaires distributed across Belfast City in the UK. The study utilises a binary logistic regression model to quantify the relationships between the perceived quality of 29 bus indicators (independent) and the perceptions of users towards the overall bus service (dependent). Eleven significant indicators are reported to have significant influence on the perception of users. These indicators are utilised to propose scenarios for optimising the quality of bus service with the perceptions of current and potential users.     

The location of public logistic centers: an expanded capacity-limited fixed cost location-allocation modeling approach

The location problem considered in this paper concerns the optimal number, size, and location of public logistic centers. To solve this problem, a mathematical model is developed based on an expanded capacity-limited fixed cost location-allocation model of a network incorporating handling costs and the costs of the temporary storage of cargo in the logistic center. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated with a numerical example of locating public logistic centers of international importance in the Republic of Serbia, based on two scenarios regarding the future development of import cargo flows into the Republic to the year 2020.     

Accidents involving pedestrians with their backs to traffic or facing traffic: an evaluation of crash characteristics and injuries

This paper examines pedestrian anatomical injuries and crash characteristics in back‐to‐traffic and facing‐traffic crashes. Pedestrian crashes involving pedestrians walking along streets (i.e. with their backs to traffic or facing traffic) have been overlooked in literature. Although this is not the most frequent type of crash, the crash consequence to pedestrians is a safety concern. Combining Taiwan A1A2 police‐reported accident data and data from the National Health Insurance Database from years 2003–2013, this paper examines anatomical injuries and crash characteristics in back‐to‐traffic and facing‐traffic crashes. There were a total of 830 and 2267 pedestrian casualties in back‐to‐traffic and facing‐traffic crashes respectively. The injuries sustained by pedestrians and crash characteristics of these two crash types were compared with those of other crossing types of crashes (nearside crash, nearside dart‐out crash, offside crash, and offside dart‐out crash). Odds of various injuries to body regions were estimated using logistic regressions. Key findings include that the percentage of fatalities in back‐to‐traffic crashes is the highest; logistic models reveal that pedestrians in back‐to‐traffic crashes sustained more head, neck, and spinal injuries than did pedestrians in other crash types, and unlit darkness and non‐built‐up roadways were associated with an increased risk of pedestrian head injuries. Several crash features (e.g. unlit darkness, overtaking manoeuvres, phone use by pedestrians and drivers, and intoxicated drivers) are more frequently evident in back‐to‐traffic crashes than in other types of crashes. The current research suggests that in terms of crash consequence, facing traffic is safer than back to traffic. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

国际金融危机对广西-东盟物流业的影响及对策

文章基于对东盟的贸易结构、运输方式和广西-东盟的物流业发展现状的分析,以广西物流基础设施发展举措为重点,对国际金融危机下广西-东盟的物流业发展对策进行了探讨。     

Catching a ride on the information super-highway: toward an understanding of internet-based carpool formation and use

Fluctuating fuel prices, rising congestion, longer commutes, and related environmental and human health effects have combined to once more draw the interest of governments, commuters, and firms toward the concept of travel demand management (TDM). While TDM is not new, the proliferation of mobile telephony, fixed Internet, and associated applications has created fresh prospects for the implementation of commuter focused TDM strategies. One recent example is Carpool Zone, an on-line carpool-matching tool deployed and managed by the TDM group at Metrolinx, the regional transportation planning agency within Canada’s largest metropolitan region, the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area. Using data provided by Metrolinx, this paper broadens current thinking on carpool formation and use. The main hypothesis guiding this work is that the carpool formation and use process is sensitive to personal and household characteristics, space, time, travel cost, and workplace TDM policies. Results from a logistic regression analysis suggest that geographical proximity to other users; workplace TDM policies; the scheduling of work; and commuter role preference increase the odds of successfully carpooling. Importantly, findings regarding the positive influence of workplace TDM policies suggest that Internet based TDM tools will likely require critically important investment in human capital at the back-end to ensure program participation.     

Who cycles more? Determining cycling frequency through a segmentation approach in Montreal,Canada

The decision to cycle frequently in an urban setting is a complex process and is affected by a variety of factors. This study analyzed the various factors influencing cycling frequency among 1707 cyclists from Montreal, Canada using an ordinal logistic regression. A segmentation of cyclists is used in a series of ordinal logistic models to better understand the different impacts of variables on the frequency of cycling among each group of cyclists for commute and for utilitarian purposes. Our models show a variation in the impacts of each dependent variable on frequency of cycling across the various segments of cyclists. Mainly making cyclists feel safe not only on bicycle specific infrastructure but also on regular streets, emphasizing the low cost, convenience and improving the opinion on cycling in the population are effective interventions to increase bicycle usage. Also, it was shown that women were less likely to cycle to work than men, but more likely to cycle for other utilitarian trips, pointing at the presence of specific barriers to commuting for woman. Although the findings from this study are specific to Montreal, they can be of interest to transportation planners and engineers working toward increasing cycling frequency in other regions.     

Closed-loop Inventory Routing Problem for returnable transport items

Increasing concerns on supply chain sustainability have given birth to the concept of closed-loop supply chain. Closed-loop supply chains include the return processes besides forward flows to recover the value from the customers or end-users. Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) systems ensure collaborative relationships between a vendor and a set of customers. In such systems, the vendor takes on the responsibility of product deliveries and inventory management at customers. Product deliveries also include reverse flows of returnable transport items. The execution of the VMI policy requires vendor to deal with a Closed-loop Inventory Routing Problem (CIRP) consisting of its own forward and backward routing decisions, and inventory decisions of customers. In CIRP literature, traditional assumptions of disregarding reverse logistic operations, knowing beforehand distribution costs between nodes and customers demand, and managing single product restrict the usage of the proposed models in current food logistics systems. From this point of view, the aim of this research is to enhance the traditional models for the CIRP to make them more useful for the decision makers in closed-loop supply chains. Therefore, we propose a probabilistic mixed-integer linear programming model for the CIRP that accounts for forward and reverse logistics operations, explicit fuel consumption, demand uncertainty and multiple products. A case study on the distribution operations of a soft drink company shows the applicability of the model to a real-life problem. The results suggest that the proposed model can achieve significant savings in total cost and thus offers better support to decision makers.     

Driver response to variable message sign information in London

Variable message signs (VMS) have been installed in London to notify motorists of planned events and current network problems. To guide investment and operational decisions an understanding is required of the impacts of VMS information. This paper presents the results of a study of driver response to VMS information. The study employed questionnaires to investigate the effect of different messages on route choice. A statistical analysis of stated intention questionnaire data enabled logistic regression models to be developed relating the probability of route diversion to driver, journey and message characteristics. The resultant models indicate that the location of the incident and the message content are important factors influencing the probability of diversion. A survey of drivers' actual responses to a message activation showed that only one third of drivers saw the information presented to them and few of these drivers diverted, although many found the information useful. Only one-fifth of the number of drivers diverted compared to that expected from the results of the stated intention questionnaire. It is thought that the low response rate achieved for the stated intention survey will have exaggerated drivers' responsiveness to VMS messages. Interestingly, survey data for another UK city with a newly installed VMS system showed that the number of drivers diverting due to VMS information was very similar to that expected from the results of the stated intention questionnaire. It is suggested that the use of London's VMS signs to display warnings of disruptions expected on future dates may be reducing their effectiveness as a channel for more urgent warnings.