可控被动式减摇水舱气阀控制规律研究

可控被动式减摇水舱是对被动式减摇水舱的一种改进.文章在可控被动式减摇水舱系统数学模型的基础上,推导了最佳控制相位的理论依据,并对气阀开启和关闭时刻的选取进行了研究.对不规则波的仿真结果表明,根据船舶的横摇角速度进行气阀控制,满足最佳控制相位是行之有效的,它使可控被动式减摇水舱的减摇能力最大,减摇效果更佳.     

可控式被动减摇水舱最佳相位PD控制策略研究

在"船舶-可控式被动减摇水舱"系统数学模型的基础上,综合船舶横摇运动信息设计最佳相位PD控制器,并对可控式被动减摇水舱气阀的开启和关闭进行控制。在不规则波下的仿真结果表明,与常规控制相比,采用最佳相位PD控制策略能够取得更好的减摇效果,最大程度上发挥可控式被动减摇水舱的减摇能力。     

可控被动式减摇水舱控制策略研究

从未减摇和装减摇水舱后的船舶运动方程出发,对可控被动式减摇水舱的水舱控制策略进行了研究,指出应从充分发挥减摇水舱的性能角度出发,选择水舱的最佳控制策略。从能量最少角度考虑,当波浪频率远离船舶谐摇频率时,可以考虑选择关闭水舱的方式进行控制。仿真结果表明,存在一个最佳控制策略,能够使水舱的性能得到充分发挥,这时水舱减摇效果最高。     

可控被动式减摇水舱随机控制策略研究

在"船舶-可控被动式减摇水舱"系统数学模型基础上,根据安装减摇水舱的船舶在随机海浪作用下的横摇运动特点,利用成型滤波器以及在线辨识方法对"船舶-可控被动式减摇水舱"系统横摇运动进行预报,并利用预报信息以及实时测量信号对减摇水舱内液体进行控制,实现船舶横摇运动与水舱内液体运动的相位控制,使减摇水舱在不同航态以及不同海情下均有较好的减摇效果.     

横荡对被动式减摇水舱运动的影响研究

被动式减摇水舱是减少船舶摇摆的重要装置之一,目前对它的研究大多数都只针对单纯横摇运动。而本文在考虑了横荡对水舱运动的影响后,基于U型被动式减摇水舱理论推导了耦合横荡的“船舶一水舱”系统的数学模型,并通过仿真和试验研究证实了考虑横荡对水舱的影响是很必要的,更符合于实际情况。     

基于气阀控制的频率自适应减摇水舱系统研究

文章在建立减摇水舱内气体和液体两相流动的运动模型基础上,研究了水舱顶部气体连通道的横截面积大小与水舱内液体振荡参数之间的关系,通过调节截面开口控制水舱内液体运动固有频率,使之与船舶横摇频率相适应.分别利用被动式PD控制和模糊控制实现气阀开关式和气阀开口连续式两种调频策略.仿真研究表明,两种调频策略均使可控被动式水舱的有效减摇范围拓宽,并在不同的频率范围内有各自的优势.     

参数频率响应法在"双水舱"系统中的应用

使用两个具有不同固有频率的被动式U型减摇水舱能给横稳心高变化范围很宽的船舶提供很好的减摇效果,本文给出了参数频率响应法,推导了装备两个具有不同固有频率的被动式U型减摇水舱的船舶横摇频率响应函数,分析了影响船舶横摇频率响应幅值的水舱参数。通过仿真详细研究了水舱参数对船舶横摇减摇的影响。研究结果对于双被动式U型减摇水舱的设计具有重要的指导作用。     

海工辅助船可控被动式减摇水舱设计

为减小船舶摇荡,特别是横向摇荡,在提高船舶安全性的同时满足乘客对船舶舒适性的要求,以海工辅助船为研究对象,设计一种可控被动式减摇水舱。按照"双共振"原理,考虑海工辅助船在海上作业时所处的各种环境,以U型可控被动式减摇水舱为基本模型,根据固有周期的经验估算公式,计算出减摇水舱的基本参数,设计轻型海工辅助船减摇装置,并对其效果进行分析。研究结果表明,采用该减摇装置能达到较好的减摇效果。     

基于PAC的可控被动式减摇水舱控制系统设计

根据可控被动式减摇水舱的基本原理和工作特点,分析气动系统原理,设计控制策略、PAC外部接线、I/O逻辑表、程序控制流程等,实现了可控被动式减摇水舱的水阀—气阀联合控制。该系统具有能耗低、噪音小、寿命长、可靠性好、操作容易等特点。     

基于GPC的气控被动式减摇水舱研究

在建立减摇水舱内气体和液体两相流动的运动模型基础上,研究了水舱顶部气体连通道的截面面积大小与水舱内液体振荡参数之间的关系.利用广义预测控制(Generalized Predictive Control, GPC)对水舱内液体运动参数进行在线滚动寻优计算,并通过调节截面开口大小实现参数的调节,以此控制水舱内液体的流动,使之与船舶横摇运动相适应,对抗外部海浪干扰.仿真研究表明,与传统的开关式气阀控制策略相比,新的控制策略可以明显提高被动可控式减摇水舱的减摇效果,在较宽的频率范围内对船舶进行有效减摇.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦区5000套住宅项目中心区设计

从确定符合项目实际情况的设计原则入手,通过利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦住宅区中心区总体布局和建筑设计两个方面的设计实践,探讨了"传统、现代与文脉"这一当今时代无法回避的文化议题。并且针对具有鲜明文化、宗教和气候特征的建筑设计的特点、方法与风格进行了总结,为今后的实践提供借鉴。     

恶劣电磁环境下PLC控制系统抗干扰技术研究

该文结合工程实践,研究了某型船模PLC控制系统抗干扰技术。依据干扰产生的原因,分析了系统干扰的来源,并提出了抑制干扰的具体措施。通过硬件和软件的优化设计,提高了控制系统抗干扰能力。实践证明,经过优化设计的PLC控制系统运行安全,稳定,控制效果得到明显提高。     

沉箱重力式码头施工期间沉降位移观测与分析

介绍某码头工程3万吨级码头和5000吨级码头施工期间的沉降变位观测过程及对观测数据的分析,为类似工程提供参考。     

分油机系统模拟仿真设计

针对使用实际分油机系统进行教学与训练在安全和经济方面存在的制约因素.为帮助学员较快熟练掌握分油机系统的操控,采用VC++编程技术和数字仿真技术,结合数学建模,设计开发基于PC桌面的船舶分油机模拟仿真系统.仿真分析和应用结果表明:船舶分油机模拟仿真系统能够模拟实际分油机系统的操作控制过程,方便学员熟悉各种故障现象,熟练掌握船用燃油分油机的操作程序、操作要领和保养维护系统知识.