广东省确定建设五大枢纽港口

广东省政府不久前通过了《广东省沿海港口布局规划》，确定了省内9个地区性重要港口的建设规划。根据规划内容，确定了建设五大枢纽港口：广州港、深圳港、湛江港、珠海港和汕头港。将潮州港、揭阳港、汕尾港、惠州港、虎门港、中山港、江门港、阳江港、茂名港建设成为地区性重要港口。     

韩国双枢纽港模式对我国港口发展的启示

制订一个国家或地区的集装箱港口发展规划时常会碰到这样的问题:应该专注于建设一个港口呢?还是应该分散投资于多个港口?对于集装箱港口来说如果吞吐量不够大,就达不到足够的航班密度,就无法取得规模经济效益。并非所有的港口都能成为枢纽港,因为一个地区里枢纽港数目是有限的。     

两岸三通三地港口发展战略初探

<正> 在全球经济一体化发展的趋势下,集装箱码头的发达程度已成为地区港口发展的重要标志,确立集装箱枢纽港的地位也就成为地区港口发展的首要目标。两岸三通对两岸三地港口有何影响?采取何种合作方式实现港口发展战略目标的协调?是摆在我们面前具有重大现实意义的课题。 一、两岸三地各自的竞争优势 集装箱港口行业内部的竞争在于枢纽港之间的竞争。集装箱港口行业内部的协作在于枢纽港与支线港之间的协作。两岸三地港口之间的竞争,归根到底只有在枢纽港之间。两岸三通后,两岸三地有较大相关的枢纽港主要有香港、高雄港、上海港     

宁波港物流链整合战略

在全球经济一体化的今天,港口的重要作用和意义已经远远超出了其本身对于国际贸易和国际海运的基本服务功能,尤其是具有国际集装箱枢纽港地位的深水大港,对于物流、商流、资金流、人流具有强烈的集聚作用和经济放大效应。当前,东亚港口间争夺国际集装箱枢纽港和航运中心地位的竞争已经趋于白热化,上升到了区域经济之间的竞争,甚至是国家(地区)之间竞争的高度。宁波港作为国家多年来重点发展的四大深水港之一,已经完全具备了竞争国际枢纽港的条件和实力。近十几年来,宁波港取得了令世人瞩目的成就,从中国港口业界的二流港口迅速崛起,2005年吞…     

中国大陆未来的集装箱枢纽港建设

<正> 集装箱运输方式的变革导致港口地位的分化,而地位的分化促使各大港口都努力确立自己的枢纽港地位,避免沦为支线港失去大量的经济利益,进而使得现代港口竞争的焦点成为枢纽港地位的竞争。 一、枢纽港地位的利益与枢纽港地位的影响因素 1.枢纽港地位的利益 最明显的好处是来自中转运作中因为双倍的装卸产生的收入,枢纽港的吞吐量会大幅度的增加;更重要的是枢纽港为当地进口商和出口商提供直接的服务,减少往返于海外市场的运输时间与运费。减少运输时间直接影响出口上的竞争力和进口商     

广东沿海港口竞争力提升研究

<正>广东沿海港口由5个枢纽港和9个地区性重要港口构成,经济地理位置非常重要。从所处港口群分析,横跨珠江三角洲港口群和西南港口群主体港之一的湛江港,与东南港口群相邻。珠江三角洲港口群是广东沿海港口主体并与自由港香港港比邻;从所处城市群分析,横跨珠江三角洲城市群、以汕头为中心的粤东城镇群和以湛江为中心的粤西城镇群(琼海城市群),与南宁城市群和海峡西岸城市群相邻;从所处交通节点位置分析,     

环渤海港口竞争

以环渤海地区3大枢纽港——天津港、大连港和青岛港作为研究对象，对环渤海地区主要港口的竞争力从腹地经济、自然条件、集疏运条件和运营效率等4个方面进行比较分析，并得出结论：谁能率先走向整合，谁就更有机会成为中国北方国际航运中心。     

环渤海经济区集装箱枢纽港发展趋势分析

近几年，环渤海地区港口集装箱运输迅速发展，已经形成了大连港、天津港、青岛港三足鼎立的竞争局面，谁将成为下个世纪这一地区的枢纽港是航运企业关心的重点，末文从环渤海港口的现状出发，对环渤海８个主要集装箱港口的发展趋势进行枢纽港分析。     

港口管理

《港口法(草案)》提请全国人大常委会审议，港口经营将实行准入制度，港口管理体制改革在全国推行，全国交通立法工作取得新进展，张春贤强调要处理好枢纽港与非枢纽港关系，全国港口管理工作会议在沪召开，港口体制改革进入高潮，交通部发布八项交通行业标准，我国海关行政管理迈入法制化，新世纪港口发展的六大战略，上海港加速改制步伐，青岛港集团公司破壳而出。     

国际集装箱运输枢纽港发展研究

一、世界集装箱枢纽港发展趋势 当前，船舶大型化的趋势加快，导致能够接纳干线船舶的港口数目越来越少。同时，由于大型集装箱船造价昂贵，在船公司整个物流运输系统中，为挂靠一个港口而增加的船舶成本所占比重上升，支线衔接成本所占比重下降，由此船公司会选择减少干线挂靠港，而多采用支线船。进入 ９０年代后期，世界港口将有一番角逐，随着一些港口成为物流中心的枢纽港，另一些港口将降级成为支线港。为了吸引班轮公司挂靠，港口必须在设施和服务方面进行改进，以争夺枢纽港的地位。在船舶大型化的驱动下，国际集装箱干线运输正在发…     

合作成就东北亚枢纽港群

阪神地震成就了釜山这个东北亚国际集装箱枢纽港的地位,大小洋山深水港的逐步启用,将有可能使上海成为中国真正的国际集装箱枢纽港。在这种情况下,大连、青岛、天津就不只是釜山的喂给港,还将成为上海的喂给港,三港也就更难成为东北亚枢纽港。大连、青岛、天津环渤海湾三大港是否有可能联合起来,打造东北亚的国际枢纽港群,则是本文探讨的主题。     

从国际集装箱枢纽港建设看上海港发展前景

container shipping lines require hab ports to possess the fehowing conttions Drart of mafor conalner hub ports and their tlder differences some majer hub ports developttental programine eanctbore to be denned for the port of shunghml in the centext if international container transport comsiderahons of water depth for the international container hub port of shanghai conefesions to be drawn     

Spatial pattern of the global shipping network and its hub-and-spoke system

Port system is a research focus of transport geography, and most studies believe carriers are important factors in the development and concentration of the port system. Since the 1990s, carriers have played an important role in organizing the global shipping network and reorganizing the port system. But there isn’t a perfect method to evaluate carriers’ influence and the roles of each port in the maritime shipping networks. In this paper, we use the monthly schedule table of international carriers to describe and model the spatial pattern of the global shipping network and identify its hub-and-spoke system. The result shows that a hierarchical structure exists in the global shipping network. The North Hemisphere, especially the East Asia and the Southeast Asia, is a dominant region of the worldwide shipping network. East Asia, Southeast Asia, Northeast Europe, and East coast of the USA are the concentration regions of worldwide shipping lines. The ports of Hong Kong, Singapore, Shenzhen, Shanghai, and Kaohsiung etc have advanced capacity for maritime shipping and high potentials for being hub ports in the global shipping network. Today, the worldwide shipping network is transforming from the multi-port calling system to 44 regional hub-and-spoke systems. Meanwhile, the sub-networks with hub ports of Antwerp, Singapore, and Hong Kong have become the most important ones and dominate the whole global shipping network.     

基于AHP-RS的沿海都市带主要港口评价实证分析

区域港口群资源整合已成为当前航运业发展热点之一,文章从港口规模角度,研究区域范围意义下的主要港口评价问题。以改进后的港口吞吐量和集装箱吞吐量指标为基础,构建区域范围意义下的主要港口评价指标体系,以国内外沿海都市带为例,运用AHP-RS法对都市带内主要港口进行相关评价分析。为客观认识和评价港口自身相对规模水平提供参考,也为沿海都市带框架下的区域港口群有序规划发展提供了依据和思路。通过实例验证了AHP-RS综合评价法在港口评价应用中的科学有效性,值得进一步推广。     

The strategic role of ports in regional development: conceptualising the experience from Australia

Regional ports, as infrastructure in regions, influence transport and regional development policies and planning. The interaction and involvement of regional ports with their stakeholders in the region are pivotal. The conundrum on what constitutes a regional port and thus its region has further complicated this limited researched area. In the extant literature, port and region relationship mainly centres on major metropolitan ports, and pays little heed to regional ports. In this context, this study investigates on how the Australian regional ports can be better involved in regional development. The study adopts a qualitative methodology to explore the Australian regional port stakeholders’ perceptions on port’s role in regional development through 38 semi-structured telephone interviews. Thematic analysis of data assisted by a mixture of NVivo software and manual techniques proposes a conceptual model that may assist policy-making. The key findings suggest that symbiotic growths of ports and concerned regions accelerate regional development. To contribute to regional development, the Australian regional ports can be proactive in building collaboration with regional organisations. The findings have major implications for port managers and port policy-makers for developing a region-oriented long-term port planning and for creating environment for Australian regional ports for regional resource configuration.     

Asian hub/feeder nets: the dynamics of restructuring

The emergence of hub/feeder networks in the Singapore-Japan corridor through the 1970s and 1980s reflected not only the rapid growth of containerized cargo in regional Southeast and East Asia but also the exceptional importance of Far East/transPacific and Far East/Europe mainline shipping services in structuring these networks. This paper argues that the mid-1990s is a defining moment in the restructuring of these networks; that the period represents, in fact, a convergence of a number of different though related trends impacting on the regional shipping market. More particularly, continuing high growth rates of containerized cargo have not only spawned new ports but have also increased the proportion of ports handling threshold volumes of containers for which mainline calls, rather than handling thfeeder operations, are justified. Further, the quite dramatic retionalization of already large container shipping lines into mergers and alliances bestows a new level of market power that is able to underwrite major changes in shipping schedules, port rotations and feeder linkages. This paper speculates that these developments are generating, and will continue to generate new, hierarchically organized port/shipping networks in which high order networks will include high efficiency/high cost operations; and lower order networks will include a mix of hub and direct-call ports that will focus on different market segments.     

Development of port service network in OBOR via capacity sharing: an idea from Zhejiang province in China

The ‘Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road’ (One Belt One Road, OBOR) strategy initiated by the Chinese government has a significant impact on the business and logistics modes which involves Asia, Europe, Africa, and their adjacent seas. Many countries and ports are developing new strategies that are suitable for this economic environment. Compared with many ports in the world, the ports in Zhejiang province of China have a novel property. In addition to Ningbo-Zhoushan port, there are several other sea ports and river ports in that province. In this paper, we propose a concept of port service network that consists of a huge hub and multiple ports. Ports of small and medium sizes can share their capacities of different types of port service with the hub when the service capacities are integrated into the network. We develop a mixed integer nonlinear programming model to determine the optimal decisions in such a network with constraints on the budget to conduct integration. An optimization algorithm incorporated with a genetic algorithm is developed to solve large size problems. We provide managerial insights on the policies of government, including expanding port capacity, reducing fixed integration cost, and providing better financial condition.     

港口的区域垄断和竞争:圆周模型

港口具有一定的地理垄断性,同时港口竞争也日益加剧,交叉腹地日益扩大。区域垄断和竞争成为港口共同的发展特征,协调两者之间的关系对于港口产业发展具有重要意义。圆周模型对于分析港口产业经济特性非常恰当。通过运用圆周模型来理解港口的区域垄断和竞争特性,可以为实现港口产业规模型竞争的公共政策制定提供基础性的理论依据。具体的政策建议包括港口业务的垂直分解及构建地主港模式、加快港口民营化进程、在放松规制的同时重建规制及推动形成区域内邻近港口间的协同竞争关系。     

上海港将成为东北亚转运中心

由于缺少集装箱深水港,每年我国沿海都有大量的集装箱从釜山港、高雄港等转运。上海洋山深水港区的建设将打破这个格局。随着洋山深水港区投入营运,将能保证第五代、第六代集装箱船全天候进出。凭借经济腹地优势和箱源优势,上海港将成为亚洲最重要的集装箱航线交汇港。随着上海港的发展,吸引韩国釜山、日本的货物从上海港中转将成为可能。因此,上海港可以像新加坡和香港一样发展成为东北亚轴辐式转运中心和航运交汇式转运中心。     

Regional governance of port development in China: a case study of Shanghai International Shipping Center

When China enters the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and becomes more involved in the global economy, her major seaports will be pivotal places where the international shipping and terminal operators interact, conflict and co-operate with the local and the central governments. To demonstrate and understand these interactions, this article analyzes the case of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), where the competition, co-operation and governance of Shanghai and Ningbo, the two largest ports on Chinese mainland, concern all stakeholders from the central and local governments of China to the container terminal operators and shipping lines overseas.

This paper first develops a conceptual framework for analyzing port development in a regional context. The article then introduces the case of the Shanghai International Shipping Center with a focus on the efforts of the Shanghai Government to establish a regional hub port, which also involves two nearby provinces. This case study reveals the course of the decision-making processes and the power networks currently governing the port development in the YRD. Two domains of port governance are discussed: the role of port authorities in port internal governance, and the crucial influences of local and central governments on the port external governance. It provides evidence that the power of shipping lines and international terminal operators are not as prevalent as in many ports in western countries. It is suggested that the lack of good regional port governance in the region is due to structural problems in administration.