15.9万吨原油船3309ps模型制作难点及应对措施

船体分段是由零、部件组装而成的局部结构,其质量将直接影响船舶的建造质量。文章以15.9万吨原油船3309ps制作为例,介绍分段制作的难点及应对措施。     

基于分段结构材料的精度研究与控制

介绍船体建造过程中分段制作的精度控制及效果保障,从前道工序为后道工序服务的理念出发,基于过程控制、系统工程理论,对影响分段建造的材料精度问题加以归纳、分析,建立控制要素并采取措施加以控制和规避,同时促进精度设计的不断改进,从而双管齐下,提高分段制作质量。     

分段制作焊接裂纹原因分析及预防措施

概述某船厂在分段制作外检过程中发现多处焊接裂纹,对产生焊接裂纹的分段进行探伤检测和专题研讨分析,找出焊接裂纹的种类和主要影响因素,制定预防措施。杜绝后续船分段制作过程中类似问题重复发生,为其他造船企业焊接质量管理提供参考。     

2 800客邮轮型客滚船薄板分段工艺与应用

针对客滚船薄板分段制作过程中易变形,以及分段整体尺寸、甲板面平整度和壁板垂直度较难控问题,以2800客邮轮型客滚船居住舱室薄板分段为例,研究生产设计、材料订货及转运、施工工艺要点。实船建造表明:该工艺满足5~7 mm薄板立体分段的公差要求,提高了薄板分段质量,降低了建造成本。     

舱口围生产设计标准化探讨

针对目前舱口围分段的结构建模和出图方式进行总结,为提升效率和质量以及减少工时投入,提出了简化舱口围分段建模、出图的思路。并论证了将舱口围分段作为标准件进行设计建模和生产制作的可行性。     

造船精度补偿数理统计分析

本文通过对分段完工三维数据数理统计分析,结合分段制作流程,提出针对分段制作的精度控制措施和精度补偿优化方案.     

船体分段建造现场精度控制工艺研究

对于船体的分段建造而言,胎架的制作是建造的基础。也就是说,要是胎架在精度上存在问题和漏洞,船体分段的质量就会受到较大的影响。本文主要从五个方面对船体分段建造现场精度控制工艺进行了分析,希望能够对船体的建造起到一定的参考作用。     

槽型舱壁分段制作精度控制及搁置驳运变形的工艺改进

针对槽型舱壁分段船坞搭载时频繁出现开刀和换板的问题,分析分段制作工艺、异地流转和搁置过程中的工艺影响因素,总结出解决槽型舱壁分段制作和流转变形问题的新工艺,与传统工艺比较,新工艺可明显改善槽型舱壁分段制作精度和流转变形问题,可为船坞搭载节点赢得充足的时间。     

充气密性试验在320000tVLCC上的应用

介绍320000t VLCC船体分段制作时,利用充气密性试验方法对分段结构中水密舱壁、角焊缝及水密堵板进行密性试验的原理及方法,给出了船体分段制作过程的装配顺序、工艺要求及焊接要求.     

加强过程控制 提高分段焊接内在质量

在外场分段制造过程中，有关小组运用QC手段，加强对分段装置过程的控制，提高了分段焊接在内在质量，并取得了一定的成效。     

Large-eddy simulation of cross-flow around ship sections

The present work is motivated by phenomena occurring in the flow field around ship-like bodies with an incoming lateral flow (cross-flow, 90 ° drift angle). Three-dimensional unsteady flows around different ship sections are investigated by using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) tools with large-eddy simulation (LES) subgrid-scale turbulence model. The simulation results are compared to measurements at several Reynolds numbers in the 90–200,000 range. Focus in our investigation is on the characterization of the motion of vortex structures generated by the separated flow. Another target in the study is to obtain better knowledge of the hydrodynamic forces acting on the sections. Computed pressure and drag coefficients are compared with experimental measurements. The comparison between simulations and measurements shows that an LES model can predict the flow field around ship sections in detail and the hydrodynamic forces acting on the sections.     

Using the SKAGEX dataset for evaluation of ocean model skills

Numerical ocean models are now being applied in numerous oceanographic studies. However, the qualities of the model results are often uncertain and there is a great need for standards and procedures for evaluation of the skills of numerical general circulation models. In this paper measurements from repeated hydrographical sections across Skagerrak taken in 1990, the SKAGEX dataset, are used to evaluate the skills of two σ-coordinate ocean models and to study the sensitivity of these models to model parameters. A methodology for quantification of model skills based on observations from repeated hydrographical sections in general is suggested. Area averages of absolute differences are for Skagerrak completely dominated by the discrepancies in the upper few meters of the ocean and may not be used to assess models' abilities to reproduce the fields in the larger and deeper part of the ocean. Therefore, discrepancies between average values in time from the observed fields and time averaged values from model outputs are related to the natural variability of the fields. The numbers produced with the suggested measure are relative numbers that will be specific for each section and for each series of observation. Ideally we would therefore like to see the measures computed for a number of sections for various models and choices of model parameters in order to assess model skills. The value of the SKAGEX dataset as a tool for model improvements is demonstrated. Evidence to support the importance of applying non-oscillatory, gradient preserving advection schemes in areas with sharp density fronts is given. The method is used to identify that the forcing/initial values/boundary values for the temperature field are inferior to the corresponding values for the salinity field. With the present coarse resolution, 11 layers in the vertical, it is shown that it is far from obvious that the quality of the model results improve when replacing simple Richardson number formulations for vertical mixing processes with higher order turbulence closure in the Skagerrak area.     

基于Eppler剖面设计方法上的提高空泡起始航速的非定常螺旋桨设计方法

为了提高螺旋桨的空泡起始航速，本文提供了一个基于Eppler剖面设计方法上的非定常螺旋桨设计方法，二维剖面直接由Eppler剖面设计方法给出并直接输入到升力面设计程序中进行三维剖面设计。计算结果表明新剖面螺旋桨方案的空泡斗要比常规剖面的宽。在平均伴流条件下使用升力线、升力面设计程序给出一个初步螺旋桨方案。然后用定常/非定常面法检查设计结果是否满足推力要求并作修改设计，从中选择一个不符合空泡要求的剖面作为关键剖面。使用Eppler剖面设计方法来改善空泡斗，为了研究剖面弦向负荷对螺旋桨性能影响，本文设计两只螺旋桨，一只为带有Naca66迭加Naca a=0.8，另一只为新剖面的方案。模型试验结果证实了设计方法的有效性。     

22 000m3液化气船整船和舱段三维有限元强度分析

对２２０００ｍ＾３液化气船进行了整船和舱段三有限元强度计算分析,建立了整船和船体主舱段的三维有限元结构模型。并通过节点力的自动加载技术和惯性平衡处理技术建立有限元模型的节点载荷,在中拱和中垂弯矩作用下,计算出本在压载和满载工况下的船体应力和变形,是后通过对本舱舱段的边界处理技术,计算出受船体总强度的船体舱段局部强度,对船体强度出判断,为改进船体结构设计提供依据。     

一种船用球形压力储气罐的设计与应力分析

设计了一种船用球形压力储气罐,应用软件Ansys进行了有限元建模,根据有限元模型的应力分析情况,选取三个危险截面仔细做应力分析,并进行结果评定。最后运用Ansys载荷步分析方法获得交变应力强度,分析了储气罐的疲劳性质。     

某斜坡式海堤工程对临近桥梁桩基位移的影响

某斜坡式海堤工程临近桥梁,可能对桥梁产生不利影响。采用Plaxis 3D软件建立三维有限元模型,分析开挖换填和水泥搅拌桩两种典型断面,得出桥梁桩基的最大位移。结果表明,该海堤工程对桥梁桩基的水平位移影响较大,对竖向位移影响很小;水泥搅拌桩断面相比开挖换填断面,桩基水平位移更小;两个典型断面均能满足桥梁桩基位移小于5 mm的要求。     

The evolution of the upper water layer in the marginal ice zone, austral spring 1988, Scotia-Weddell Sea

A one-dimensional turbulent erosion model is presented to study the temporal behaviour of the upper layers of the water column in the marginal ice zone during ice retreat. Input parameters in the model are the regular meteorological observations on board, global radiation and ice cover estimates. The model results are validated by comparison with CTD-profiles measured during repeated sections through the marginal ice zone of the Weddell-Scotia Sea sector of the Southern Ocean, over a six week-period in the Austral spring 1988.     

卵石波运移对航运影响试验研究

利用川江风和尚至长寿港典型河段动床模型.进行卵石波的形成、几何尺度及运动速度试验研究.建立卵石波要素与水力泥沙因子关系式;选择典型水沙条件水文年进行概化试验,描述卵石波的运移对浅滩航道突发性碍航的影响,分析造成浅滩突发性碍航的影响因素.并提出了浅滩突发性碍航预报及相应的整治措施.     

基于受迫振动实验的柔性立管的VIV响应预报

涡激振动响应预报对于深水海洋结构物的设计是非常重要的。近年来，基于圆柱体的受迫振荡实验数据提出了若干经验模型。针对潘志远提出的一种基于实验数据并且与立管的有限元模态分析有机结合的VIV预报模型，采用近期的一个阶梯状分布来流下的涡激振动响应实验测量数据，验证了该模型的有效性和局限性。     

Design of propeller geometry using streamline-adapted blade sections

We refine the geometry of a propeller by modifying the blade sections to align them with surface streamlines, obtained by the panel method. Redefinition of the blade sections aligned with the streamlines is provided together with surface modeling scheme by which model propellers were built. Numerical simulations and open-water tests on models suggest a possible increase of 1% in propeller efficiency.