某散货船载运镍矿稳性分析

针对镍矿在运输过程中易液化,造成船舶发生危险甚至倾覆的问题。文章阐述了镍矿特性及易流态化货物完全液化后自由液面和货物移动对船舶稳性的影响,并通过实船数据计算出货物移动后稳性的变化。货物在液化后会形成横倾力矩,使稳性减小,甚至丧失。     

载运普通液体货物船舶稳性衡准标准的完善建议

为保障装载普通液体货物船舶航行安全,分析《国内航行海船法定检验技术规则》中船舶稳性衡准标准的相关规定,认为该规则没有明确装载普通液体货物船舶的稳性衡准标准,使得该类型船舶在适用稳性规则时存在不确定性。运用船舶静力学知识和计算机仿真技术计算液货舱不同装载率时自由液面横倾力矩及经该自由液面修正后的船舶复原力臂和不同装载率时液货舱自由液面对船舶稳性的影响,得出目前《国内航行海船法定检验技术规则》稳性衡准标准不适用于载运普通液体货物的船舶的结论,建议在修订时增加相应规定。     

建筑泥浆对运输船舶稳性的影响

为确保运输建筑泥浆船舶的安全,通过分析建筑泥浆的特性和运输船舶货舱特点,以代表性船舶为例,计算装载不同密度建筑泥浆的代表船舶在满载时自由液面对船舶稳性的影响和货物倾侧力矩对稳性的影响。结果表明:货物密度、货舱开口和舱口围、货舱水密纵舱壁等因素是影响船舶稳性的关键因素。建议:船舶稳性计算应反映出装载不同密度货物时船舶的稳性;提高船员责任意识和业务能力,强化船舶管理,必要时安装货物液面非均衡监控装置和报警装置;排水量过小的船舶不宜设置水密纵舱壁。     

一种新颖的海运陶土专用设备设计方案

针对海运陶土,提出了陶土运输专用设备的初步构想,将包装缓冲理论、隔振理论和仿生学理论引入初步设计中.根据《国际海运固体散装货物规则》和2010年版的《国内航行海船法定检验技术规则》中关于船舶稳性的规定,对船舶满载时的基本稳性进行论证,提出船舶临界初稳性值的概念,进而采用替代法对船舶临界状态的初稳性值进行论证.结果表明,专用设备能有效提高船舶安全性能,降低船舶装运陶土易流态化风险.     

船舶载运易流态化固体散装货物的危险因素及对策

本文通过对易流态化固体散装货物固有特性的分析，论述船舶在载运易流态化固体散装货物过程中可能引发事故的各种危险因素，通过加大宣贯、协调和监管力度，履行职责，认真落实《水路运输易流态化固体散装货物安全管理规定》，提出船舶载运易流态化固体散装货物过程中的安全措施和应急措施。     

改善固体散货船稳性的措施

本文就船舶在装运固体散货时,由于固体散货含水份高,在航行过程中船舶的摇摆、振动导致固体散货中的水份溢出,在货物表面形成水的自由液面,而降低了船舶稳性的特点,论述了在此情况下如何提高稳性的措施。     

单舱万吨重吊船辅助稳性装置的设计和试验

单舱万吨重吊船在船的左舷设置了2台450 t的重吊,可联吊900 t的货物,但受制于优化后的船舶主尺度,船舶自身的压载水调节无法满足两吊联吊时的船舶稳性要求,因此设置了辅助稳性装置。该装置可以通过使用船上吊车实现快速拆装,与船体牢固连接,方便有效地解决了船舶的稳性问题。     

安全监管之：易流态化固体散装货物

近年来,我国发生多起船舶载运易流态化固体散装货物沉船事件,造成人员伤亡和重大损失。船舶载运易流态化固体散装货物的监督管理受到极大挑战。为贯彻《水路运输易流态化固体散装货物安全管理规定》,防范事故的发生,保障海上人命和财产安全．广东海事局开展了船舶载运易流态化固体散装货物安全管理季活动,该活动针对夏季雷雨、台风等恶劣天气频发,     

随浪规则波中ONR内倾船纯稳性丧失黏流模拟方法研究

纯稳性丧失作为5种典型的船舶在波浪中运动失稳的模式之一，是波峰位于船舯时复原力显著减小而导致船舶大幅横摇甚至倾覆的运动失稳现象。论文采用STAR-CCM+商业软件，模拟全附体ONR内倾船在随浪下的纯稳性丧失现象。数值模拟中采用重叠网格技术实现船-桨-舵耦合的多体运动求解，通过速度边界条件进行造波，采用欧拉叠加模型进行消波，考虑了实船螺旋桨的旋转因素，对舵进行自动控制来实现航向的稳定。模拟了ONR内倾船在不同航速下发生纯稳性丧失导致大幅横摇甚至倾覆的过程，并与试验结果进行了对比，最大横摇幅值的计算值与试验值趋势一致。分析了在不同航速下舭龙骨、桨、舵等附体力和力矩的变化。论文建立的CFD数值模拟方法，为更加细致地分析波浪中纯稳性丧失的运动现象提供了技术支撑，为后续势流方法中的螺旋桨、舵等附体力学模型的改进提供了参考。     

船舶载运易流态化货物安全措施的探讨

<正>近年来,海上连续发生多起船舶装载镍矿、陶土等易流态化货物遇大风浪沉没事故,经海事调查发现事故发生的主要原因都是货物含水率超标。载运易流态化货物超标的船舶当遇有大风浪时会产生剧烈摇摆,舱内货物水分渗出形成自由液面,导致船舶失控并在顷刻间翻沉,从而造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失。一、相关说明(一)易流态货物(Cargoes which may liquefy)易流态化货物,指本身含有部分细颗粒和一定量水分、当其含水率超过适运水分极限时可能形成自由液面或     

散货船破舱稳性计算研究及软件实现

阐述近年来航运业面临的散货船海损事故,根据SOLAS修正案"散货船的安全措施"及"货船分舱和破舱稳性"的条款的要求,对船舶分舱及破舱稳性的计算方法进行研究。利用Visual Basic编制了破舱稳性计算软件,并介绍了其功能。     

32000DWT散货船货舱段结构强度分析

利用MSC／Patran、MSC／Nastran软件分析了32000DWT散货船货舱段强度。给出了外载荷的计算方法和边界条件的施加方法，计算了典型的3种工况下32000DWT散货船的强度。通过有限元强度分析得到的结论可用于散货船的结构设计和优化。计算结果表明，本船的结构强度满足规范要求。     

散货船装载计算软件配载状态图形模拟方法的研究

散货船装载计算软件是对散货船进行装载性能计算与校核的有力工具。进行配载模拟是软件的一项重要辅助功能，在深入研究散货船装载特点与配载状态图形模拟方法的基础上，详细介绍散货船装载计算软件配载状态图形模拟的方法及相应的技术实现。     

论江海直达散货船结构与尺度之优化

本文根据海船规范要求，分析优化江海直达散货船的尺度与结构，可供该船型的设计参考。     

沿海干散货船的船价影响因素及概率统计分析

由于船舶的投资额很大,所以航运企业在做投资决策之前对船价的影响因素做系统的分析,并对其进行准确的估计,对航运企业来说是至关重要的。本文分析了近几年沿海干散货船舶市场的影响因素,并运用概率统计的方法给出了近期船价的概率分布模型。     

Uncertainties estimates of hull girder still water loads of bulk and dry cargo ships through Monte Carlo simulations

This paper deals with the estimate of uncertainties affecting still water hull girder loads of bulk and dry cargo ships. In strength assessment of ships, two main categories of acting loads are considered: still water loads and wave induced ones. While the latter are generally defined bearing in mind their stochastic nature, this is not the case for still water loads, which are basically deterministically considered. The underlying assumption is that there is an overall control of the operational profile during the service of a ship. However, this is not the case in actual fact, especially for general dry cargo ships and bulk carriers, since the loading/unloading process cannot be fully controlled by the crew, often resulting into loading conditions rather different from those planned by the designer. Based on an earlier work, where loading conditions of the above-mentioned ship types were statistically analyzed, in the present paper Monte Carlo simulations are used to estimate the uncertainties affecting the hull girder still water loads of ships in service, showing that their allowable values can be exceeded due to inaccuracies in ship and cargo management.     

A simulation study on the design of flexible cargo holds in small-sized bulk ships

A simulation study on the design of flexible cargo holds in small-sized bulk ships is presented. The ships considered are equipped with moveable bulkheads which can be placed in a given number of positions in the cargo hold. In this way the ships' cargo holds can be partitioned into several smaller holds with flexible sizes, and several cargoes can be lifted simultaneously by the same ship. The simulation study deals with designing an optimal cargo hold 'configuration' which gives the best flexibility when cargo quantities vary. The results show that there are significant potential savings by finding an optimal cargo hold configuration.     

An improved formulation for bulk cargo ship scheduling with a single loading port

This paper presents an improved, significantly more efficient formulation of an existing model for bulk cargo or semi-bulk cargo ship scheduling problems with a single loading port. The original model, published by Ronen in 1986, was formulated as a non-linear, mixed integer program. In this work, the authors were able to re-formulate it into a linear one, by eliminating all the non-linearities of the original model. In addition, this model has far fewer integer variables than the original one. A numerical example has been given to illustrate the elimination of non-linearities and how 40 integer variables, in the original model, are reduced to just eight. This example also shows that this model is better at finding exact optimal solutions than the original one. It is also worth observing that the resulting model is a generalization of the 'capacitated facility location problem'.     

An improved formulation for bulk cargo ship scheduling with a single loading port

This paper presents an improved, significantly more efficient formulation of an existing model for bulk cargo or semi-bulk cargo ship scheduling problems with a single loading port. The original model, published by Ronen in 1986, was formulated as a non-linear, mixed integer program. In this work, the authors were able to re-formulate it into a linear one, by eliminating all the non-linearities of the original model. In addition, this model has far fewer integer variables than the original one. A numerical example has been given to illustrate the elimination of non-linearities and how 40 integer variables, in the original model, are reduced to just eight. This example also shows that this model is better at finding exact optimal solutions than the original one. It is also worth observing that the resulting model is a generalization of the ‘capacitated facility location problem’.